英文阅读材料
1、关于地球一小时（Earth Hour）
Earth Hour is organized by WWF. With almost 5 million supporters and a global network in over 100 countries, it's one of the world's largest and most respected independent conservation organizations. WWF's mission is to stop the degradation of the Earth's natural environment and build a future where people live in harmony with nature.
Earth Hour started in 2007 in Sydney, Australia when 2.2 million individuals and more than 2,000 businesses turned their lights off for one hour to take a stand against climate change. Only a year later and Earth Hour had become a global sustainability movement with more than 50 million people across 35 countries participating. Global landmarks such as the Sydney Harbour Bridge, CN Tower in Toronto, Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, and Rome's Colosseum, all stood in darkness, as symbols of hope for a cause that grows more urgent by the hour.
In March 2009, hundreds of millions of people took part in the third Earth Hour. Over 4000 cities in 88 countries officially switched off to pledge their support for the planet, making Earth Hour 2009 the world's largest global climate change initiative.
On Saturday 27 March, Earth Hour 2010 became the biggest Earth Hour ever. A record 128 countries and territories joined the global display of climate action. Iconic buildings and landmarks from Asia Pacific to Europe and Africa to the Americas switched off. People across the world from all walks of life turned off their lights and came together in celebration and contemplation of the one thing we all have in common – our planet.
Earth Hour 2011 took place on Saturday 26 March at 8.30PM (local time). It continued to be a call to action to every individual, every business and every community throughout the world. A call to stand up, to take responsibility, to get involved and lead the global journey to a sustainable future.
2、关于情人节的经典英文情书（一）
You are a angel to see my folks. I told you my mom didn't hate your guts. Well, you know any more. You are standing in my fort where I did all my big thinking. This is where I stood thinking about you after the very first time we met. You didn't look real to me at first. I never saw so many colors on one girl before...but you looked like you belonged out there all right. You and all your colors. Do you remember the first thing you ever said to me"I'm lost" oh, you didn't look lost, not to me. You're grand... At first, the no-talking thing didn't last. Before long, I couldn't get you to shut up. But you were so cute, trying to impress me with William Blake and all your grand plans. I had no idea what you were talking about but I couldn't help loving the way you talked. I didn't have a clue, actually. I loved you right then and there.
3、关于情人节的经典英文情书（二）
Dear Holly, I don't have much time. I don't mean literally, I mean you're out buying ice cream and you'll be home soon. But I have a feeling this is the last letter, because there is only one thing left to tell you. It isn't to go down memory lane or make you buy a lamp, you can take care of yourself without any help from me. It's to tell you how much you move me, how you changed me. You made me a man, by loving me Holly. And for that, I am eternally grateful... literally. If you can promise me anything, promise me that whenever you're sad, or unsure, or you lose complete faith, that you'll try to see yourself through my eyes. Thank you for the honor of being my wife. I'm a man with no regrets. How lucky am I. You made my life, Holly. But I'm just one chapter in yours. There'll be more. I promise. So here it comes, the big one. Don't be afraid to fall in love again. Watch out for that signal, when life as you know it ends.
P.S. I will always love you
4、冬季减肥的秘诀
If you're trying to lose weight at this moment in time, then you might well be struggling with the winter months. Most of us find that our mood is generally lower during the winter. We experience more colds and coughs, more extreme weather, and drink more warm drinks. All of this means that we're likely to put weight on which is never good news when thinking about our diet. Luckily, there are things that you can
do to try and minimize the effects of the weather this winter, and perhaps even lose weight instead of gaining it.
1. Sort out your mood.
If you suffer from depression, then winter might mean that it is more obvious that there is something wrong with your mood. When we're depressed, it makes us more likely to feel the need to comfort eat, and this can be hugely detrimental to our diets when we're trying to lose weight. You should think about the things in your life that are making you stressed, and see what you can do to try and change that. If you are feeling down about your work load, then why not try talking to your boss and see if there is anyone else within your department who might be able to take on some of the work that you're struggling with
2. Keep up regular exercise.
You need to do this, or your body will become unfit again and it will be a struggle when you get back to the summer months. In addition to this, exercise improves our mood and also speeds up our blood circulation and this means that we will be able to keep a lot warmer. This can cheer us up, and can stop us from feeling as though we need to eat comfort food during this time.
3. Save money on your heating.
It can't have escaped your attention that heating your home is very expensive these days. Luckily, if your body needs to heat up more, you will burn more calories, so this might mean that it is actually better for you if you should choose to turn the heating down a couple of degrees.
4. Buy healthy foods.
Instead of stocking up on chocolate and sweets, why not stock up on fruit insteadThings such as nuts and rasins can be yummy, but won't have as much of an effect on your waistband as chocolate might have done. You could always try salted vegetable crisps, too, if you are a savoury kind of person, as these are much better for
you than other brands of crisps that you might be a little bit addicted to at this moment in time.
5、关于上班兼职族
Daylighters are workers who manage to work two jobs during one shift. Sure, most of us wear many hats in our jobs, but daylighters actually perform tasks for two different businesses while physically present at just one of them. Some of these career jugglers perform tasks for their secondary job with the permission of their boss at their primary job, but most hide the fact from their employers.
For example：
She says she is a daylighter. She works as a receptionist in a company and runs her online shop at work.
6、关于猪肉价格上涨
While many China-watchers fret about the consequences of a collapse of China's stock market, Wen Jiabao, the prime minister, seems more worried about the risk of social uest as a result of the rocketing price of pork. A 50% rise in the average nationwide price over the past year is causing squeals of alarm. Last week Mr Wen went so far as to visit a farm to show he is taking the issue seriously.
Mr Wen promised that the government would act to ensure adequate supplies of pork; if necessary, to stabilise prices it can release stocks from its strategic reserves of both frozen pork and live pigs. Pork is China's staple meat. The average person eats more pork than in any country other than Germany. But it accounts for almost 4% of China's consumer-price basket, against less than 1% in Germany. Rising pork prices could therefore push up China's inflation rate over coming months. Jiming Ha, chief economist at China International Capital Corporation, estimates that inflation will rise to 3.4% in May, from 3% in April.
英语阅读材料-答案版
五、完形填空（共12分，每小题1分）
A boy was walking home from school when he saw a large, red apple on the tree near a house. The boy didn't like eating __35__ very much. He preferred a piece of chocolate if he was given the choice, but this time, seeing the nice apple, the boy wanted it very much. The more he looked at the apple, the __36__ he felt and the more he wanted it.
He stood on tiptoe (脚尖), stretching (伸展) as high as he could, but he was still unable to touch it. He began to __37__ up and down, as high as he could, at the top of each jump stretching his arms to get the apple. Still it remained out of __38__.
Not giving up, he thought, if he had something to __39__ on, he could reach it. His school bag wouldn't give enough height and he didn't want to __40__ the things inside, like his lunch box, pencil case, and Gameboy. Looking __41__, he hoped he might find an old box, a rock, or, with luck, even a ladder, but he found nothing that he could __42__.
He had tried everything he could think to do. Without seeing any other choices, he gave up and started to walk away. At first he felt angry and disappointed (失望的) thinking about how hungry he had become from his __43__, and how he really wanted that apple. The more he thought like this, the more unhappy he became.
However, the boy of our story was a __44__ one, even if he couldn't always get what he wanted. He started to say to himself, “This isn't helpful. I don't have the apple and I'm feeling unhappy as well. There's __45__ more I can do to get the apple. That is unchangeable. But we should try to __46__ our feelings. If that's the case (情况), what can I do to feel better”
35. A. fruits B. meat C. vegetables D. rice
36. A. sadder B. angrierC. hungrierD. happier
37. A. jump B. look C. walk D. climb
38. A. hope B. hand C. sight D. reach
39. A. put B. stand C. work D. hold
40. A. break B. shake C. use D. change
41. A. down B. up C. aroundD. out
42. A. move B. take C. hold D. use
43. A. wishes B. ideas C. effortsD. troubles
44. A. smart B. kind C. brave D. careful
45. A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing
46. A. change B. expressC. forget D. describe
六、阅读理解（共26分，每小题2分）
Bobby was sitting out in his back yard in the snow. There were a few holes in his shoes. He thought hard, but he could not come up with an idea for his mother's Christmas gift.
Ever since his father had died three years ago, his mother worked nights at the hospital, but the small money she made could hardly be enough for their needs.
Although the family money and material things, they got more love in the family. The children ran the family when their mother was absent. All three of Bobby's sisters
had already made beautiful gifts for their mother.
It was Christmas Eve already, and he had nothing. Bobby started to walk down to the street. He walked from shop to shop. Everything seemed so beautiful and so far away. It was getting dark. Suddenly he found a shiny dime (一角硬币) on the ground. Never has anyone felt so wealthy as Bobby did at the moment. It was enough to buy a rose with one dime.
He went inside a flower shop. When the owner asked if he could help him, Bobby took out the dime and asked if he could buy one flower. The shop owner looked at Bobby, then said, “You just wait here and I'll see what I can do for you.”
The shop owner returned holding a dozen of red roses in his hand. Bobby's heart sank (下沉) as the owner put them gently into a long white box. “That will be a dime, young man,” said the shop owner, reaching out his hand for the dime. Slowly, Bobby moved his hand to give the man his dime.
Then the shopkeeper's wife appeared. “Where are the red roses”
The shop owner said, “A strange thing happened to me this morning. I thought I heard a voice telling me to leave a dozen of my best roses for a special gift. When I saw that little boy tonight, I knew who that voice was.”
53. The underlined phrase “ means _____.
A. had less
B. gave up
C. had more
D. looked down upon
54. Bobby slowly gave the dime to the shop owner because _____.
A. he wanted to buy other things
B. he needed to give the dime to his mum
C. the roses were too expensive
D. he could hardly believe what had happened
55. From the last two paragraphs we can infer that the shop owner _____.
A. was moved by the boy's voice
B. was ready to help others
C. knew the boy before
D. was good at telling stories
Carbon monoxide poisoning (一氧化碳中毒) causes death and injuries around the world. This gas is a problem in all parts of the world that experience cold weather. A few years ago, America's Centers for Disease Control (C. D. C.) studied deaths linked (联系) with carbon monoxide poisoning. It found that the number of carbon monoxide deaths in the United States was greatest in January. The C.D.C. also found that carbon monoxide kills more than four hundred Americans each year. And, it said more than twenty thousand people are taken to hospital for treatment of health problems linked with the gas.
Carbon monoxide is called the silent killer because people do not know it is in the air. The gas has no color, no taste and no smell. It does not cause burning eyes. And it does not cause people to cough. Yet, carbon monoxide gas is very deadly (致命的). It steals the body's ability to use oxygen.
Carbon monoxide makes it difficult for the blood to carry oxygen to body tissues (血管). It does this by linking with the blood. When the gas links with the blood, the blood is no longer able to carry oxygen to the tissues that need it. Damage (损害) to the body can begin very quickly from large amounts (数量) of carbon monoxide.
How quickly this can happen depend on how long a person is breathing the gas and how much gas he or she breathes in. Carbon monoxide poisoning has warning signs(标志). But people have to be awake to realize them. Small amounts of the gas will cause a person's head to hurt. He or she may begin to feel tired. Their stomachs may feel sick. The room may appear to be turning around. The person may have trouble thinking clearly. People develop serious headache as the amount of the gas continues to enter their blood. They will begin to feel very tired and sleepy. They may have terrible stomachache. Doctors say carbon monoxide influences people differently. For example a small child will experience health problems or die much sooner than an adult. The general health of the person or his or her age can also be important.
56. The damage of carbon monoxide to the body has something to do with _____.
A. the amount a person breathes in
B. whether a person is healthy
C. how many signs a person finds
D. ages of people
57. One of the signs of carbon monoxide poisoning is _____.
A. burning eyes
B. bad cough
C. serious headache
D. high fever
58. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. Carbon monoxide poisoning seldom happens in cold areas.
B. Twenty thousand Americans are killed by carbon monoxide each year.
C. Most people know whether there is carbon monoxide in the air.
D. Carbon monoxide stops the blood from carrying oxygen to body tissues.
59. What does the passage mainly talk about
A. Warning signs that carbon monoxide poisoning has.
B. Reasons why carbon monoxide can cause person's death.
C. The damage of carbon monoxide and how it works.
D. Influences of carbon monoxide on children and adults.
七、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共10分，每小题2分）
The holiday is coming to us. Finally, after months of study, you have some time to yourself. So, why not read a bookWell, some people will say, “Why do you like reading booksWe have Internet. It offers a lot of more colorful fun. Books are history!” But I am sure you can learn a lot from books than Internet.
One clear reason is that a well-chosen book can give you a lot of wonderful words, as long as you have a good dictionary, of course. Believe me, it's far easier to get new words from a book or an article than it is from the TV or the Internet.
But another more important point is that books give you something that the Internet can not. The general webpage (网页) is picture-heavy and the text is as easy to read as possible. While “easy” may attract (吸引) you, unluckily it's not helpful for any long-term development of reading skills and the general language level. Because of that, reading on the Internet can't take the place of reading books.
But perhaps the best reason is that just choosing what you read and doing it independently
means that it's something you do by and for yourself. You can choose what you want to read. It's hard work, but you'll find that what once seemed like a duty is now a pleasure.
64. Does the writer advise people to read books in their holidays
Yes, (he does).
65. What can people get from a well-chosen book
A lot of words. /A lot of wonderful words./Wonderful words. /New words. /Words.
66. What's the general webpage like
It's picture-heavy and the text is as easy to read as possible.
67. How many reasons for reading a book does the writer mention in the passage
Three.
68. What does the writer want to tell us in the passage
The reasons why we read a book / books.
The advantages of reading a book / books.
We can get / learn from a book / books.
英语阅读材料
Passage 1:
Colds are very common. The symptoms of the common cold include a sore throat, runny nose, stuffed-up nose（鼻塞）, and tiredness. Colds are caused by viruses（病毒）, but scientists cannot explain the exact cause. There is no cure. Many people, however, believe that they know the causes of and cures for the common cold. For example, they believe that it is possible to get a cold if we get chilled, if we get extra tired, or if we are too close to a person with a cold. In other words, if we want to prevent catching cold, we should stay warm and dry; we should avoid getting too tired, and we should not be in close contact with people who have colds.
Meanwhile, there are probably hundreds of "cures" throughout the world for the common cold. For example, the following suggestions are popular in quite a number of societies: (l ) drink plenty of water; (2) get extra rest; (3) take a lot of vitamin C, (4) take aspirin; (5) keep warm.
Each year people spend a lot of money on cold medicines -- pills, liquids, lozenges (含片).But these medicines do not cure colds they can only relieve cold symptoms. In other words, they make us feel better.
1. The passage is mainly about _______.
A. looking for the common cold
B. some facts about the common cold
C. introducing some patients
D. new medicines for curing the common cold
2. According to the passage, people with colds feel ______.
A. quiet
C. thirsty B. active D. tired
3. To prevent catching cold, you ______.
A. should keep away from a person who has a cold
B. should wash your hair in cold weather
C. should go out on a rainy day
D. should make yourself tired
4. Which of the following is NOT a "cure" for the common cold
A. Take a lot of vitamin C.
B. Drink plenty of water.
C. Put on as many clothes as possible.
D. Get more rest.
5. Which of the following is true about the common cold
A. Scientists are close to finding a cure for colds.
B. There are hundreds of symptoms of the common cold.
C. Many people know what causes the common cold.
D. There are no medicines that can cure colds.
Passage 2:
Every human being, no matter what he is doing, gives off body heat. The usual problem is now to get rid of it. But the designers of the Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh set themselves the opposite problem -- how to collect body heat. They have designed a collection system which uses not only body heat, but the heat given off by such objects as light bulbs（灯泡） and refrigerators(冰箱) as well. The system works so well that no fuel is needed to make the campus's six buildings comfortable.
Some parts of most modern buildings -- theaters and offices as well as classrooms -- are more than sufficiently heated by people and lights and sometimes must be air-conditioned even in winter. The technique of saving heat and redistributing it is called "heat recovery". A few modern buildings recover heat, but the University's system is the first to recover heat from buildings and reuse it in others.
Along the way, Pitt has learned a great deal about some of its producers. The harder a student studies, the more heat his body gives off. Male students send out more heat than female students, and the larger a student is, the more heat he produces. It is tempting to conclude that the hottest prospect for the Johnstown campus would be a hard-working overweight male genius（天才）.
1. What is characteristic of the buildings on Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh
A. They collect body heat to regulate the temperature inside.
B. They are more comfortable to live in than other buildings.
C. They use light bulbs to heat the classrooms.
D. They consume less fuel to keep the classrooms cool.
2. According to the passage, the technique of heat recovery is used _____ .
A. to provide a special form of air-conditioning in the city
B. to provide heat for the hot water system
C. to collect heat and reuse it
D. to find out the source of heat
3. The phrase "the hottest prospect" in this passage refers to ______.
A. the person who suffers most from heat
B. the person who gives off most heat
C. the person who needs more heat than others
D. the person who makes better use of body heat
4. Which of the following statements is NOT true according the passage
A. The harder a student works, the more heat he or she produces.
B. The bigger a student is, the more heat he or she sends out.
C.. A 1arg
e and hard-working boy student gives off the most heat.
D. A girl student sends out more heat than a boy student.
5. Which of the following may be the best title for this passage
A. Recovery of Body Heat
B. Body Heat and Sex
C. Modern Building‘s Heat System
D. Ways of Heating Buildings
Passage 3.
Not everyone in the world requires the same amount of living space. The amount of space a person needs around him is a cultural difference, not an economic one. Knowing your own psychological(心理上的`) space needs is important because they strongly affect your choices, including, for example, the number of bedrooms in the home. If you were brought up in a two-child family, and both you and your sister or brother had your own bedrooms, the chances are, if you have two children or more, that you also will offer separate bedrooms for them. In America, for example, they train people to want to have their own rooms by giving them their own rooms when they are babies. This is very rare in the world. In many other countries, the baby sleeps in the same bed with his parents or in a bed near them.
The space in the home also shows a lot about psychological space needs. Some families gather closer to each other and the size of their house has nothing to do with it. Others have separate little corners where family members go to be alone.
Although it is true that psychological space needs are not decided by economic reasons, they sometimes have to be changed a little because of economic pressures. It is almost impossible, however, to completely change your psychological space needs.
1. The passage is chiefly concerned with _________ .
A. American way of living
B. living requirements in different cultures
C. living conditions in developed countries
D. space and economic factors
2. According to the author, the amount of living space a person needs is decided by ____ .
A. his financial situations
B. the relationship between the family members
C. his cultural background
D. how many rooms there are in his house
3. The example of American families seems to suggest that ______ .
A. psychological space needs are developed when one is very young
B. Americans are more eager to be alone when they are at home
C. it is advisable to let the baby sleep with his parents
D. it is advisable to let the baby sleep with his sister
4. Some families gather close to each other at home because _______ .
A. it satisfies their psychological space needs
B. they have no living space
C. they have been brought up in a small family
D. they have small corners for themselves
5. According to the author, psychological space needs ______ .
A. will change greatly as one's incomes are reduced
B. will change if you move to a smaller house
C. can hardly be changed altogether
D. can be changed at will
Passage 4.
Do you believe that only boys do well in scienceDoes it seem to you that girls have better vocabularies than boysIn your opinion, are boys better at building things If your answer to each of those questions is ―Yes,‖ you are right.
On the average, males score higher on tests that measure mathematical reasoning, mechanical ability, and problem-solving skills. Females show superior ability in tests measuring vocabulary, spelling, and memory.
It is known that bones, muscles（肌肉） and nerves（神经） develop faster in baby girls. Usually, too, baby girls talk at an earlier age than boys do. Scientists think there is a physical reason for brain develop faster in girls than in boys. And it is this side of the brain that strongly influences an individual's ability to use words, to spell, and to remember things.
By the time they start to schoo1, therefore, little girls have an advantage that boys do not have. Girls are physically more ready to remember facts, to spell, and to read. These, of course, are skills that are important in elementary school.
But what have the boys been doing in the years before starting schoolThey have been developing something called aggression (进攻 ). An aggressive person has courage and energy. He feels strong and independent. He is often the first one to start fight.
1. Scientists believe that the differences between boys and girls are determined by ___.
A ) their personal abilities
B) their physical condition
C ) their courage and independence
D) their age and sex
2. Which of the following is Not true
A ) Girls remember things more easily.
B ) Boys score higher on tests that measure mathematical reasoning.
C ) Boys are more skillful at building things.
D) Girls are better at facts which measure problem solving ability.
3. According to this passage, boys are ______.
A ) more ready to spell
B) more ready to remember facts
C ) stronger and more independent
D) quicker at learning
4. The word "this" ( Para 3) refers to________________.
考研英语阅读材料
Swiss zoos are accepting unwanted pet 'donations' and FEEDING them to tigers and other carnivores
宠物不想养了怎么办?瑞典人直接送动物园喂老虎
Swiss zoos are reportedly accepting unwanted pets which are killed and then fed to large carnivores such as tigers.
据报道，瑞士动物园接受被抛弃的宠物，将它们杀死后投喂给老虎等大型食肉动物。
At the Zurich Zoo, rabbits, guinea pigs and rats are given to the carnivores to eat, according to Swiss local media.
据瑞士当地媒体报道，苏黎世动物园将兔子、天竺鼠、老鼠当做肉食动物的口粮。
Zoo director Alex Ruebel, who revealed this happens around six times a year, said: 'The guinea pigs or rabbits are killed by a veterinarian, then fed to the tigers, lions and snow leopards.'
动物园园长艾利克斯.鲁培尔透露，这种事情每年都会发生6次左右，“先由兽医将豚鼠或兔子杀死，然后喂给老虎、狮子或雪豹”。
The zoo director also said that mice are given to the zoo's owls. Other animals such as dogs are however denied by the zoo.
鲁培尔还表示，动物园会把老鼠喂给猫头鹰，但拒绝狗狗等其他动物。
According to Ruebel, the pets are not cut up into pieces but are fed in their entirety to the zoo's carnivores.
据鲁培尔介绍，这些宠物不会被切碎，而是整只投喂给园内的肉食动物。
He said: 'The reason for this is that we want to show what is natural. And carnivores eat meat together with the entrails.'
他说：“因为我们想按照自然的方式去做这件事，肉食动物们会将肉和内脏一起吃下。”
Ruebel said that some desperate pet owners even smuggle their pet inside the zoo where they release them inside an indoor rain forest.
鲁培尔称，一些绝望的宠物主人甚至会将他们的宠物偷偷带进园内，将它们放进室内热带雨林中。
However, not all Swiss zoos accept pets.
然而，并不是所有的瑞士动物园都接受宠物。
Spokesman Valentin Kressler of the Basel Zoo said: 'We do not accept such animals, as we do not know their health status.'
巴塞尔动物园的发言人瓦伦汀.克勒斯来尔称：“我们不接受这样的动物，因为我们不清楚其健康状况。”
Swiss animal protection NGOs are shocked by the number of pets being offered to zoos.
动物园接受宠物的数量让瑞士民间动物保护组织感到震惊。
Helen Sandmeier of Swiss Animal Protection said: 'It is not possible that one accepts the death of their pet.'
瑞士动物保护组织的海伦.桑德梅尔表示：“一个人不可能让自己的宠物去死。”
Sandmeier said that when buying a pet, you automatically take on the responsibility of caring for the animal, which includes giving it a good new place when someone can no longer take care of it.
桑德梅尔称，当你购买宠物时，就自动承担起照顾它的责任，这其中就包括当你不能再照料它时，再给它找一个舒适的新家。
Antoine Goetschel, founder of Global Animal Law, also blasted the 'predominant throwaway mentality' of many pet owners.
《全球动物法》奠基人安东尼.哥切尔也炮轰许多宠物主人“不负责任的心态”。
However, both Goetschel and Sandmeier showed some understanding for the zoos.
然而，哥切尔和桑德梅尔都对动物园的做法表示理解。
Goetschel said: 'If they would openly offer the acceptance of pets, they would become a shelter for unwanted pets.'
哥切尔称：“如果动物园公开接受宠物，它们就会成为被遗弃宠物的收容所。”
考研英语阅读材料
China's Singles' Day tops US$1.5bil in first three minutes
中国“双十一”成交额三分钟破15亿美元
It's a shopping spree of epic proportions and all it took was three minutes for the numbers on this screen to reach 10 billion yuan.
这是一场史无前例的购物狂欢，只用了三分钟，屏幕上的成交额就达到了100亿元人民币。
That's the equivalent of more than 1.5 billion dollars and it's just the beginning forsales and Alibaba's Singles Day, an annual online discount sales gala that'sbecome the world's biggest spender-thon.
总计相当于15多亿美元。而这只是消费的开始。天猫“双十一”购物狂欢节是阿里巴巴集团一年一度的线上促销盛典，现已成为全世界最为盛大的买手节。
Once a celebration for China's Lonely Hearts, Singles day has become a 24-hourextravaganza that outsells Black Friday and Cyber Monday US sales combined.
“双十一”曾被中国单身青年叫做“光棍节”，如今这场历时24小时的火爆网购，其成交记录已经超过美国“黑色星期五”和“网络星期一”两大促销日的销售额总和。
The event has shoppers around China scouting for bargains while delivery men and robots brace foran estimated 1.5 billion parcels expected over the next few days.
活动激动人心，吸引全中国的顾客搜罗特价商品，快递员和快递机器人预期要在未来几天派送 15亿件包裹。
Alibaba says the rise in China's middle class consumers is driving the sales and theoverall total is likely to top last year's, something ***ysts and investors will be watching closely in the coming hours.
阿里巴巴表示，中国逐渐扩大的中产阶级消费群体正在拉动销售，总销售额可能达到历年之最，分析人士和投资者也将会在接下来的时间继续密切关注。
If you're trying to lose weight at this moment in time, then you might well be struggling with the winter months. Most of us find that our mood is generally lower during the winter. We experience more colds and coughs, more extreme weather, and drink more warm drinks. All of this means that we're likely to put weight on which is never good news when thinking about our diet. Luckily, there are things that you can
do to try and minimize the effects of the weather this winter, and perhaps even lose weight instead of gaining it.
1. Sort out your mood.
If you suffer from depression, then winter might mean that it is more obvious that there is something wrong with your mood. When we're depressed, it makes us more likely to feel the need to comfort eat, and this can be hugely detrimental to our diets when we're trying to lose weight. You should think about the things in your life that are making you stressed, and see what you can do to try and change that. If you are feeling down about your work load, then why not try talking to your boss and see if there is anyone else within your department who might be able to take on some of the work that you're struggling with
2. Keep up regular exercise.
You need to do this, or your body will become unfit again and it will be a struggle when you get back to the summer months. In addition to this, exercise improves our mood and also speeds up our blood circulation and this means that we will be able to keep a lot warmer. This can cheer us up, and can stop us from feeling as though we need to eat comfort food during this time.
3. Save money on your heating.
It can't have escaped your attention that heating your home is very expensive these days. Luckily, if your body needs to heat up more, you will burn more calories, so this might mean that it is actually better for you if you should choose to turn the heating down a couple of degrees.
4. Buy healthy foods.
Instead of stocking up on chocolate and sweets, why not stock up on fruit insteadThings such as nuts and rasins can be yummy, but won't have as much of an effect on your waistband as chocolate might have done. You could always try salted vegetable crisps, too, if you are a savoury kind of person, as these are much better for
you than other brands of crisps that you might be a little bit addicted to at this moment in time.
Earth Hour is organized by WWF. With almost 5 million supporters and a global network in over 100 countries, it’s one of the world's largest and most respected independent conservation organizations. WWF’s mission is to stop the degradation of the Earth's natural environment and build a future where people live in harmony with nature.
Earth Hour started in 2007 in Sydney, Australia when 2.2 million individuals and more than 2,000 businesses turned their lights off for one hour to take a stand against climate change. Only a year later and Earth Hour had become a global sustainability movement with more than 50 million people across 35 countries participating. Global landmarks such as the Sydney Harbour Bridge, CN Tower in Toronto, Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, and Rome’s Colosseum, all stood in darkness, as symbols of hope for a cause that grows more urgent by the hour.
In March 2009, hundreds of millions of people took part in the third Earth Hour. Over 4000 cities in 88 countries officially switched off to pledge their support for the planet, making Earth Hour 2009 the world’s largest global climate change initiative.
On Saturday 27 March, Earth Hour 2010 became the biggest Earth Hour ever. A record 128 countries and territories joined the global display of climate action. Iconic buildings and landmarks from Asia Pacific to Europe and Africa to the Americas switched off. People across the world from all walks of life turned off their lights and came together in celebration and contemplation of the one thing we all have in common – our planet.
Earth Hour 2011 took place on Saturday 26 March at 8.30PM (local time). It continued to be a call to action to every individual, every business and every community throughout the world. A call to stand up, to take responsibility, to get involved and lead the global journey to a sustainable future.
第一篇：湘云醉卧
As jia baoyu， Xue Baoqin， Xing youyanand Ping'er had birthdays on the same day， the young ladies held a hilarious drinking party in the hall of the peony garden for them. When it was Xiangyun's turn to compose a verse amid a drinking game， she made fun of the service maids by saying， holding a duck head in hand， "This ya tou (referring to the duck head in hand) is not that ya tou (referring to the service maids around， as both are homophones in Chinese)， for this ya tou has applied no hair oil…." Everybody roared with laughter. Some service maids protested， laughing， "You made fun of us， so you have to drink another cup. Let's pour a full cup her…." As the party went on drinkers' games continued with ceaseless laughter and people suddenly noticed that Xiangyun had disappeared. While they looked this way and that， a serice maid rushed in laughing， "Young ladies. Hurry to have a look at the Lady Xiangyun. She's sleeping on the stone bench over there." The group tiptoed over， and sure enough， saw Xiangyun sleeping soundly. Fallen flowers scattered on her body， her hair and her face. Her fan had dropped on the ground aside. Bees danced in the air around her. Under her head was a make-shift pillow of peony flowers wrapped with her handkerchief. Amid laughter service girls gently woke her up and helped her-she was still mumbling something drunkenly-get inside the room.
贾宝玉、薛宝琴、邢岫烟、*儿四人同一天过生日。众小姐带上自己的丫头们借机在芍药栏中红香圃三间小敞厅内饮酒行令，一时敞厅内热闹非凡。轮到香云说酒令时，她想拿丫头们取笑，他喝了一口酒，夹了一个鸭头，举起来说："这鸭头不是那丫头，头上没有桂花油。"众人笑了起来，惹得晴雯等一帮丫头说："云姑娘拿我们开心，快罚她喝酒。"大家都来敬酒，一时猜拳行令，呼三喝四，过了一会，大家突然发现湘云不见了，比各处去找。不一会，一个小丫头笑嘻嘻跑来说："姑娘们。快去看看，云姑娘吃醉了，在山石后面石凳上睡着了。"众人听后，便轻轻走过去，果然看到湘云在石凳上已入梦乡，四面的芍药花飞落了一身，满身满头都是花瓣。扇子落在地上，也被花瓣埋了一半。一群蜜蜂蝴蝶在她周围飞舞。湘云枕着用手帕抱着花瓣的枕头。众人看了又是爱，又是笑，忙上来产妇。湘云仍酒醉不醒，还嘟嘟噜噜地说着，众人笑着推醒她，用这湘云回屋里去了。
第二篇：The Clever Little Tailor聪明的小裁缝
Once upon a time there was a princess who was ever so proud: if any man came to woo her she would set him a riddle, and if he couldn't guess it he was laughed to scorn and sent packing. She also had it made known that whoever did guess the answer to her riddle should marry her, no matter who he might be. And indeed, in the end it so happened that three tailors were making the attempt at the same time. The two eldest reckoned that as they had already successfully sewn many a delicate stitch, they could hardly go wrong and were bound to succeed here as well; the third was a feckless, giddy young fellow who didn't even know his trade properly but thought he was bound to have luck in this case, for if not, then what luck would he ever have in any other case. The two others said to him: "You'd better just stay at home, you with your feather-brain won't get far." But the young tailor wouldn't be put off, saying that he had set his heart on this enterprise and would manage all right; and off he went, sauntering along as if the whole world belonged to him.
So all three of them appeared before the princess and asked her to put her riddle to them: she would find, they said, that she had met her match this time, because their wits were so sharp that you could thread a needle with them. So the princess said: "I have two kinds of hair on my head, what colours are they?" "That's easy," said the first, "I think they're black and white, like the cloth they call pepper and salt. "The princess said: "You've guessed wrong; let the second of you answer." So the second said: "If it's not black and white, then it's brown and red like my respected father's frock-coat." "Wrong again," said the princess. "Let the third of you answer, I can see he knows it for sure." So the young tailor stepped forward boldly and said: "The princess has silver and gold hair on her head, and those are the two colours." When the princess heard that, she turned pale and nearly fainted away in alarm, for the young tailor had guessed right, and she had been convinced that no one in the world would be able to do so. When she had recovered herself she said: "This still doesn't give you the right to marry me, there's something else you must do first. Down in the stable there's a bear, and you must spend the night with him. If you're still alive when I get up tomorrow morning, then you shall marry me." But she thought that she would get rid of the young tailor in this way, because no one had ever got into this bear's clutches and lived to tell the tale. But the young tailor wasn't to be daunted. "Nothing venture, nothing win," he commented cheerfully.
So that evening our young friend was taken down to the bear's den. And sure enough, the bear at once advanced on the little fellow, meaning to welcome him with a good swipe of his paw. "Not so fast, not so fast," said the young tailor, "I'll soon take the steam out of you." And in leisurely manner, as if he were quite unconcerned, he took some walnuts out of his pocket, cracked them open with his teeth and ate the kernels. When the bear saw this, his appetite was whetted and he wanted some nuts as well. The young tailor put his hand in his pocket and held out some to him: these, however, weren't nuts but pebbles. The bear stuck them in his mouth, but couldn't crack a single one of them, bite as he might. Goodness me, what a booby I am, thought the bear, I can't even crack nuts. And he said to the young tailor: "Hey, crack these nuts for me!" "There now, what a fellow you are!" said the tailor. "A big muzzle like that and you can't even crack a little nut!" And he took the stones, but nimbly put a nut into his mouth instead, and crack! He bit open the shell. "I must try that again," said the bear. "To look at you doing it, you'd think I'd find it easy." So the young tailor gave him another lot of pebbles, and the bear worked away at them, biting for dear life. But as you may imagine, they were more than he could crack. After this, the young tailor pulled out a fiddle from under his coat and began playing a tune on it. When the bear heard the music, he couldn't help himself and began to dance, and when he'd danced for a little he found himself enjoying it so much that he said to the tailor. "Tell me, is it difficult to play the fiddle?" "It's child's play: look, my left hand fingers the strings, my right hand scrapes away at them with the bow, and out comes a merry noise, tralala." "Then I could dance whenever I liked. What do you say to that? Will you give me lessons?" "I'll be delighted to," said the tailor, "If you have the skill for it. but let's have a look at your paws: they're a mighty length, I'll have to pare your nails down a bit." So a vice was fetched, and the bear held out his paws, but the young tailor screwed them in tightly and said: "Now wait till I get the scissors." So saying, he left the bear to stand there and growl, lay down in the corner on a pile of straw and went to sleep.
The princess, hearing the bear growl so loudly that night, assumed that he must be growling with satisfaction, having made an end of the tailor. In the morning she got up feeling very pleased and not worried at all, but when she took a look at the stable there was the young tailor standing outside it cock-a-hoop and safe and sound. So then there was nothing more she could say, because she'd publicly promised to marry him; and the king sent for a carriage to take her and the tailor to church to be married. As they drove off, the other two tailors, who were false-hearted and envied him his good fortune, went into the stable and unscrewed the bear. The bear in a great rage charged off in pursuit of the carriage. The princess heard him growling and snorting and cried out in terror: "Oh, the bear's after us, he's coming to get you!" With great presence of mind the tailor stood on his head, stuck his legs out of the window and shouted: "Do you see this vice? If you don't clear off I'll screw you back into it." When the bear saw that, he turned round and ran away. Our young friend then drove on to the church as calm as you like, and the princess gave him her hand at the altar, and he lived with her as happy as a woodlark. There's a fine of three marks for anyone who doesn't believe this story.
从前，有一个非常高傲的公主。求婚的人一来，她就给人家出谜语。要是猜不出来，她就嘲笑人家，把人家赶出去。她还向世人宣告说，只要是能猜中她谜语的，不管是谁，都可以和她结婚。后来，有三个裁缝一起来了。两个年纪大的心里想，他们过去曾经做过许多精细的针线活，都获得了成功，这次猜谜也一定不会出错，准能猜到。另一个裁缝是一个没什么才干的冒失的小伙子，连自己的手艺都不太熟练。可是他想，这回一定会有好运气，不然的话，真不知道到哪里去碰好运气呢。两个年纪大的裁缝对小伙子说：“最好呆在家里，你的智慧还不够用，干不了什么了不起的大事。”可是，小裁缝却不甘心。他说，他算豁出去了，一定要去试试看看。他义无反顾潇潇洒洒地走了去，就好象整个世界都是他的似的。
他们三个人来到公主面前，请她给他们出谜语。他们说，公主会发现这回遇上了对手，因为他们是顶尖高手，智慧超群思维精细得简直可以用来穿针引线。于是，公主说：“我头上有两种头发，都是什么颜色的?”“这太容易了!”第一个裁缝说，“是黑色和白色呗!就像人们说的.黑白点混成的灰布似的。”公主说：“猜得不对。第二个回答吧!”于是，第二个裁缝回答说：“要不是黑色和白色的，那就是像我可敬的爸爸的那件礼服大衣似的，是棕色和红色的。”公主说：“猜得不对。第三个人回答吧!看样子，这个人一定能知道喽!”于是，小裁缝大胆地走过去说：“公主头上的头发是金色和银色的，就是这两种颜色。”公主一听这话，惊得面如土色，险些昏厥过去。因为，小裁缝猜对了。过去，她深信不疑世界上没有人能猜对。公主恢复常态后说道：“这还不行，我还不能和你结婚。你还得做一件事情。你要在下边的兽棚里和熊住一夜。明天我醒的时候，如果你还活着，我就和你结婚。”公主心里想，这下就能把小裁缝除掉了。因为，熊还没有让谁从自己脚爪下活着出去的。可是，小裁缝毫不气馁，还是高高兴兴地说：“不入虎穴，焉得虎子。”
到了晚上，小裁缝被带到熊笼里。熊马上向他猛扑过来要用它那有力的脚掌来好好欢迎它的客人。“慢慢来!慢慢来!”小裁缝说，“我一会儿就会叫你安静下来的!”他好像一点儿也没有担心害怕的样子，逍遥自在地从衣袋里拿出几个核桃，咬开后，吃着核桃仁。熊看见小裁缝吃，被激起了食欲，也想吃。小裁缝把手伸进衣袋里，拿出一把交给熊。但是这不是核桃，而是鹅卵石。熊把石头放进嘴里，不论怎样用力，却一个也咬不开。哎呀呀!我真是个废物，连个核桃都咬不动了!熊心里想着，就对小裁缝说：“喂，你帮我把这核桃咬开!”“你看看你，真是个没用的家伙!那么大的一张嘴，连一个小核桃都咬不开!”小裁缝说着，把石头接过来，敏捷地换了个核桃放进嘴里，嘎嘣一下子把核桃咬开。熊说，“看你做得如此轻巧，我一定要再试试!”于是，小裁缝又给熊一些鹅卵石。熊用尽力气去咬，你可想而知，它是怎么也咬不开的。这件事就这样过去了。小裁缝从衣裳里拿出一把小提琴，拉了一支曲子。熊听见音乐声，情不自禁地跳起舞来。跳了一会儿，它发现自己太喜欢这玩意了，于是就对小裁缝说：“老实告诉我，拉小提琴难学吗?”小裁缝说：“这非常容易。你看，左手指按上琴弦，右手拉着琴弓。就这么一拉，美妙的音乐就出来了!”“就这么拉吗?”熊说，“那我高兴的时候就可以跳舞了。你看怎么样?你能教教我吗?”“我乐意效力!”小裁缝说，“只要你和灵巧的话就可以了。你把脚掌伸出来让我看看。哎呀，你指甲太长，我得把你的指甲剪下来一点!”于是，小裁缝把老虎钳子拿出来。熊伸出爪子，小裁缝紧紧地把熊爪拧在老虎钳子中以后，说：“你等一等，我拿剪刀去!”说完，小裁缝走到角落里的麦捆上睡觉去了，只剩下熊站在那里吼叫。
那天晚上，公主听见熊吼得很凶，心里想：熊一定把小裁缝干掉了，高兴地吼叫呢!第二天早晨，公主放心了，高高兴兴地起了床，但她到兽棚子一看，只见小裁缝得意洋洋地站在那里，安然无恙。公主再也说不出一句反对结婚的话了。因为那是她当众答应了的。国王派来了马车，公主和小裁缝坐上去，要一起到教堂举行婚礼。他们坐上马车走的时候，那两个阴险的裁缝，对小裁缝得到幸福十分嫉妒，就但兽棚里去，拧开老虎钳子，把熊放了出来。熊气得火冒三丈，在马车后面猛追。公主听见了熊的吼叫，咆哮，害怕地喊起来：“哎呀!熊追来了!熊要把你抓走复仇啊!”小裁缝说着拿了个大顶，把两只脚伸到马车窗户外边去，喊到：“来呀，看见这把老虎钳子了吗?你要是不滚开，我还用老虎钳子夹你!”熊听了这话，掉过头去就逃跑了，小裁缝不慌不忙地到了教堂，和公主举行婚礼典礼。从那以后，他们就像云雀似的过着快乐的生活。谁要是不相信这故事是真的就叫他掏出三块钱来。
Bacon said: "reading to yi jing, enough to digg, long enough to just."Reading is to increase the key to gain knowledge.
There are celebrities in the world since the ancient times have introducedthe benefits of reading, some scholars also once said, reading a good book islike a conversation with noble people.
Reading, can make you gain understanding, and every day to read an articleis your knowledge increase many. Reading not only makes you augmented stories,still can increase the extracurricular knowledge. In the textbook knowledge isnot enough, want to rely on yourself to read reference books, so read enough todigg.
Reading can help you more, when wonder at you, you can read a book, take alook at the article, can help you TaoYang temperament...
In addition, you can also choose different books to read, for example:adventure of detective novels, deep-rooted love novels, history books about thehistory... Can read science fiction and fantasy is leading role, to recallwithin the scene, books have aftertaste. Read some books about travel, like tovisit all over the world...
Reading can not only grace to static, digg,and the way is to increaseknowledge, so everyone should take time to read every day.
培根说：“读书足以怡静、足以博采、足以长才。”说明阅读是增加知识的不二法门。
由古至今，世界上有很名人都曾介绍阅读的好处，也有学者曾说过读一本好书，犹如同高尚的人谈话。
阅读，可以令你增广见闻，每天阅读一篇文章已令你的学问增加不少。阅读不但令你增广见闻，还可以增加课外知识。课本里的知识是不足够的，要靠自已去阅读课外书才行，因此读书足以博采。
阅读更可以帮助你解闷，当你十分纳闷时，你可以读读书、看看文章，就可以助你陶养性情……
除此之外，你还可以选择不同的书籍来阅读，例如：惊险刺激的侦探小说、刻骨铭心的爱情小说、有关历史的历史书……阅读科幻小说，可以幻想自已是主角，再回想书内的情景，已经回味不已。阅读一些有关旅游的书籍，犹如到世界各地游览……
阅读不但可以怡到静、博采，而且是增加知识的不二法门，所以大家应该每天抽点时间阅读。
——阅读之星阅读事迹材料优选【五】篇
小任是一个积极、上进、活泼、开朗的阳光小男孩，有许多兴趣爱好，特别喜欢读书，读各种有益的书，最难能可贵的是他喜欢边读边思考，一些看似深奥的道理，他能按照自己方式理解。
爱上读书是相池上幼儿园时，每天晚上妈妈给他念故事开始的，有时妈妈累了就给他放故事磁带，他总能专心致志地听。还记得一篇很长的《渔夫和金鱼的故事》他竟能从头到尾有声有色地讲给大家。慢慢地他爱上了读书，《小学生作文》、《古诗三百首》、《儿童大百科全书》,《豌豆笑话》、知心姐姐的《做人与做事》等，书的种类很多，只要书的内容健康，妈妈从不反对他读。现在上二年级了每天睡觉前都要看会儿书，*时有空时也爱捧着书看。随着阅读量的增大，积累了丰富课外知识，词汇丰富，理解能力大大加强，他在写作上也有了较大的进步，经常有好词好句。*常说话总爱拽个词儿，嘴里偶尔还会冒出不合时宜的成语，让大家捧腹大笑。
孩子的进步老师和家长看在眼里，田在心上。让好书成为每个孩子的朋友，伴随着孩子的成长，把读书当成乐趣，从书中汲取更多的营养。
说到“读书之星”，不用说那就是王紫灵了。一头乌黑的长发，一双炯炯有神的大眼睛。高挺的鼻子下面有一张能说会道的嘴巴。这就是王紫灵。为什么要推荐她为“读书之星”呢？且看下面原因：
一天上午，上完了第四节课，我正准备去洗手吃饭。可我刚要出发便看见王紫灵正坐在座位上端着一本名叫《稻草人》的书津津有味的看着。我走上前去对她说：“洗手，吃饭了。”可她就像没听见似的续继看着。我以为她是不想理我就没太在意。等我吃完饭后发现她还在看书。我怕阿姨收碗了就提醒她说：“快吃饭吧，等会菜凉了。”她毫不在意的“哦”了一下。我以为她知道了。可等阿姨收碗了她还没吃饭。一直到她看完了才对同桌说：“怎么还不到吃饭时间。”
还有一次，我约她出去玩。我到了公园后左看看，右看看可还是没看到她，我想她可能是堵车了便等了她一会。可还是没看到她，我想她可能是起晚了还在赶来的路上，就没太在意，可十分钟过去了，二十分钟去过了，可她还是没来。我想她应该在路上就打她的手机问她什么时候到。可她却说：“去，干嘛呀！”我说“去公园啊！你忘了？”她连忙说：“对不起啊，对不起，我马上来。等她到了的时候已经下午了。”我问她怎么回事，她说：“我正要出门时看见了一本好看的书，没想到把时间看忘了。”
这就是王紫灵，一个当之无愧的“读书之星。”如果你认识她，我相信也也会这样推荐她的。
置身于一方有书的天地，它睿智的灵光，会将我们的双眼映照迥然有神。与书中形色各异的人和事交融在一起，便会发觉生命的深意：跌倒没什么，爬起来继续朝前走；失败没什么，一切再从头开始；伟大没什么，离开*凡一切都很渺小；成功没什么，未来不会到此结束；书会使我们受伤的心灵得到抚慰，会使我们的思想变得坚强。书，令我受益无穷，它像我的良师，时时刻刻指导着我的行动，为我的前进指引方向。
爱上读书是我上幼儿园时，每天晚上妈妈给我念《365夜睡前故事》、《一千零一夜》等睡前故事开始的，慢慢地我爱上了读书。每天晚上我做完作业都会看课外书。童话故事是我最早阅读的书籍。在《格林童话》、《安徒生童话》、《中外现当代童话》这些注音读本中，我领略到了童话世界的缤纷。慢慢地，我的阅读范围越来越广，如，大家熟悉的《红楼梦》，《西游记》、《三国演义》、《水浒传》等古典名著，《365你问我答》、《儿童十万个为什么》等科普读物。我还阅读老师给我们推荐的书，如：《假如给我三天光明》、《小时候就在想的.事》、《窗边的小豆豆》、《中华魂系列图书》。在阅读深有感触之时，我会随时写下读书心得。由于有了一定的阅读基础，考试时阅读理解总是能拿高分。书上看到过的事例，写作技巧，我会活学活用于自己的*作中。因为读书多，写作好，我曾被评为学校“阅读之星”。
古人读书为求黄金屋，颜如玉，而今我读书，小而言之，为已为家为将来；大而言之，为党为国为人民。豪情壮志在心中，一腔热血诵心灵。
孙三小朋友，是101班最喜欢看书的小书虫。
在她还没上幼儿园时，妈妈送给她一本《幼儿十万个为什么》。每天晚上，她总是缠着妈妈给他讲些她爱听的动物故事。后来，她慢慢地学着自己读一读、认一认，即使那时她还不识拼音、汉字，但她慢慢养成了爱看书的好*惯。现在每天睡觉前都要看会儿书，*时有空时也爱捧着书看。
随着认识的字越来越多，她看书的范围也更广阔了。她每天都像海绵一样快乐地从书中汲取各种知识，这极大地丰富了她的知识面，同时也开阔了她的眼界，使她的童年生活更加精彩。因为*时阅读量较大，她在写作上也有了较大的进步，常有小佳作在班里张贴，或者给老师在班上选读，有时，嘴里偶尔还会冒出的不合时宜的成语，让我们捧腹大笑。看得越多，疑问就越多，“彩虹为什么是弯的?”“猩猩为什么爱捶胸?”多看书，使她和书中的小主角交上了朋友。她把读书当成了乐趣，并从中受益匪浅。
孙三培每天都会认真地读书，从书中获得更多的营养和快乐，让好书伴随着她的成长!
在各级各类阅读活动中的突出表现：
孙三同学是一个积极、上进的小女孩，有许多兴趣爱好，特别喜欢读书，读各种有益的书。在家每天晚上至少阅读半小时，在学校也经常去阅览室看书，双休日也总爱泡在书店里。
xx是一个积极、上进、活泼、开朗的阳光小男孩，有许多兴趣爱好，特别喜欢读书，读各种有益的书，最难能可贵的是他喜欢边读边思考，一些看似深奥的道理，他能按照自己方式理解。
爱上读书是他上幼儿园时，每天晚上妈妈给他念故事开始的，有时妈妈累了就给他放故事磁带，他总能专心致志地听。还记得一篇很长的《渔夫和金鱼的故事》他竟能从头到尾有声有色地讲给大家。慢慢地他爱上了读书，《小学生作文》、《古诗三百首》、《儿童大百科全书》,《豌豆笑话》、知心姐姐的《做人与做事》等，书的种类很多，只要书的内容健康，妈妈从不反对他读。现在上五年级了每天睡觉前都要看会儿书，*时有空时也爱捧着书看。随着阅读量的增大，积累了丰富课外知识，词汇丰富，理解能力大大加强，他在写作上也有了较大的进步，经常有好词好句。*常说话总爱拽个词儿，嘴里偶尔还会冒出不合时宜的成语，让大家捧腹大笑。
孩子的进步老师和家长看在眼里，田在心上。让好书成为每个孩子的朋友，伴随着孩子的成长，把读书当成乐趣，从书中汲取更多的营养。
——高中英语阅读理解优选【五】份
The flying fox is not a fox at all. It is an extra large bat that has got a fox’s head, and that feeds on fruit instead of insects (昆虫). Like all bats, flying foxes hang themselves by their toes when at rest, and travel in great crowds when out flying. A group will live in one spot for years. Sometimes several hundred of them occupy (占据) a single tree. As they return to the tree toward sunrise, they quarrel among themselves and fight for the best places until long after daylight.
Flying foxes have babies once a year, giving birth to only one at a time. At first the mother has to carry the baby on her breast wherever she goes. Later she leaves it hanging up, and brings back food for it to eat. Sometimes a baby bat falls down to the ground and squeaks (尖叫) for help. Then the older ones swoop (俯冲) down and try to pick it up. If they fail to do so, it will die. Often hundreds of dead baby bats can be found lying on the ground at the foot of a tree.
1. The passage tells us that there is no difference between the flying fox and the ordinary bat in______.
A. their size. B. their appearance.
C. the kind of food they eat. D. the way they rest.
2. Flying foxes tend to ______.
A. double (翻一番) their number every year.
B. fight and kill a lot of themselves.
C. move from place to place constantly.
D. lose a lot of their young.
3. At daybreak every day flying foxes begin to______.
A. fly out toward the sun. B. look for a new resting place.
C. come back to their home. D. go out and look for food.
4. Flying foxes have fights ______.
A. to occupy the best resting places. B. only when it is dark.
C. to protect their homes from outsiders (外来者).
D. when there is not enough food.
5. How do flying foxes care for their young?
A. They only care for their own babies.
B. They share the feeding of their young.
C. They help when a baby bat is in danger.
D. They often leave home and forget their young.
However, most of our ideas about the future are really very short-sighted. Perhaps we can see some possibilities for the next fifty years. But the next hundred/the next thousand/the next million? That‘s much more difficult.
When men and women lived by hunting 50000 years ago, how could they have even begun to picture modern life? Yet to men of 50000 years from now, we may seem as primitive(原始的) in our ideas as the Stone-Age hunters did to us. Perhaps they will spend their days gollocking to make new spundels, or struggling with their ballalators through the cribe. These words, which I have just made up, have to stand for things and ideas that we sim*** can‘t think of.
So why bother(困扰) even to try imagining life far in the future? Here are two reasons. First, unless we remember how short our own lives are compared with whole human history, we are likely to think our own interests are much more important than they really are. If we make the earth a poor place to live on because we are careless or greedy(贪婪) or quarrelsome, our grandchildren will not bother to think of excuse for us.
Second, by trying to escape from present interests and imagine life far in the future, we may arrive at quite fresh ideas that we can use ourselves. For example, if we imagine that in the future man may give up farming, we can think of trying it now. So set your imagination free when you think about the future.
1.A particular mention made of Stapledon‘s book in the opening paragraph______.
A. servesas a description of human history
B. serves as an introduction to the discussion
C. shows a disagreement of view
D. shows the popularity of the book
2.The text discusses men and woman 50000 yeas ago and 50000 years from now in order to show that______.
A. human history is extremely long B. life has changed a great deal
C. it is useless to plan for the next 50 years
D. it is difficult to tell what will happen in the future
3.The underlined words in the third paragraph are used in the text to refer to______.
A. the tools used in farming B. the ideas about modern life
C. the unknown things in the future D. the hunting skills in the Stone Age
4.According to the writer of the text, imagining the future will______.
A. serve the interests of the present and future generations
B. enable us to better understand human history
C. help us to improve farming D. make life worth living
答案：BDCA
A 1987 survey was given to 5,000 high school seniors. ____1____ Students in Boston were questioned. One-third of them could not name six New England states. Students in Baltimore were questioned. Half could not shade in the United States on a map. Here is what another survey showed. Students did not know history. Most did not know the dates of the American Civil War. Many did not know World War II leaders.
Someone asked this question. ____2____ Their answer: Social studies was not important. They said it was the least important of their studies.
What is social studies? It is the study of individuals. It is the study of groups. It is the study of societies. Social studies covers many fields. You have read about history and geography. These are part of social studies. ____3____ Let's say you study the way people live together in groups. This is an area of social studies. So is learning about very early people. So is studying government.
Is social studies important? Early Americans thought so. Students then learned history and civics (公民学). This was to make them good citizens. A report from 1916 set a new goal. It said, "The social studies should cultivate a sense of membership in the world community." The world community is very large. ____4____ We have radio and TV. We have phones. We have computers.
Social studies helps us understand the world's people. It helps us learn about groups and societies. ____5____ We all need to be good world citizens. (304)
A. It covers many other areas as well.
B. But today it is easy to share ideas in it.
C. What did students think of social studies?
D. It showed that they did not know geography.
E. Why did students consider the social studies less important?
F. The 1916 goal was important then, and it is even more important now.
G. Therefore, we must try to persuade young people to pay more attention to social studies.
Key:
1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. F
Of all the fish we catch in the world, we eat only three quarters of it. The rest goes to glue (胶水), soap, margarine (人造奶油), pet food and fertilizer.
Fishermen usually freeze fish they catch at sea. Back in port, they defrost the fish, make the fish have no bones in it and sell it as fresh fish.
Over ninety-five percent of fish caught is in the northern hemisphere. Thus, only about five percent of all fish caught is from south of the equator.
The Japanese are the world champion fish eaters. They eat twice as much fish as the Scandinavians, and five times as much fish as the Americans.
The Russian sturgeon (鲟鱼) is the most expensive fish in the world. The eggs of the sturgeon are called caviar.
1. What do we do with the fish we catch in the world?
A. We eat all the fish we catch.B. We use some of it to make pet food and fertilizer.
C. We do not use 25% of it. D. We freeze all the fish we catch.
2. We catch most fish ____ .
A. south of the equator B. on or just north of the equator
C. in the northern part of the earth D. in the southern hemisphere
3. In the second paragraph, the word “defrost” means ____ .
A. make the fish dead B. make the fish alive
C. make the fish become unfrozen D. make the fish clean
4. Which of the following statements is correct according to the passage?
A. Americans eat five times as much fish as the Scandinavians.
B. Scandinavians eat five times as much fish than the Americans.
C. Japanese eat more fish only than the Americans and Scandinavians in the world.
D. The Americans do not eat so much fish as the Japanese.
Most people usually traveled by ship and train which are driven by steam engine. It played an important part in many kinds of vehicles several scores of years ago. Who invented steam engine and what units could be used to measure the power of engine?
The word “horse-power” was first used two hundred years ago. James Watt from a worker‟s family made the world first widely used steam engine. At first, he couldn‟t tell people how powerful it was, because there were no units at that time. Watt decided to find out how much work one strong horse could do in one minute. He named that unit one horse-power. In this way he could measure the work of his steam engine.
He discovered that a horse could lift a 3300-pound weight 10 feet into the air in one minute. His engine could lift a 3300-pound weight 100 feet in one minute. Because his engine did ten times as much work as the horse, Watt called it a ten horse-power engine.
——高考英语阅读解题技巧优选【五】份
摘 要：纵观多年来的高考英语试题，我们不难看出，阅读理解能力是高考考查的重点，它自始至终占据着举足轻重的地位，并且有逐年增加的趋势，也就是说，做好阅读理解题目是获得高考高分的关键！
高考英语阅读解题技巧
关键词：阅读技巧 解题策略 逻辑推理 猜测判断
问题的提出：
高中英语阅读教学是激发学生英语学*兴趣、扩大词汇量和知识面以及提高阅读理解能力的重要教学活动。而在现实的高中英语阅读教学中，很多教师仍然沿袭传统的语法教学法，导致学生每上阅读课收获不大，没有达到提高阅读理解能力的教学目的，在高考中失分较严重。下面我想谈一谈我们对这部分的理解以及我们的具体作法。
一、*年高考阅读理解的特点
1、试题的难度控制适当，区分度理想。
以20xx年湖南高考为例, 第一节选择题的难度为0.539,区分度为0.841；第二节的难度为0.197,区分度为0.686。而20xx年湖南高考第一节选择题的难度为0.471, 区分度为0.787；第二节简答题的难度为0.394，区分度为0.742。20xx年整个阅读理解部分的难度为0.459，比20xx年阅读理解题的难度略有上升，与20xx年阅读理解题的区分度基本一致。
2、保持较大的阅读量，侧重考查考生的阅读能力。
表1是*4年湖南卷阅读理解部分阅读量和读速比较表，表2是*4年阅读理解力及题量比例对比表。
表1、20xx～20xx年阅读理解试题总阅读字、总词数统计表
年 份 总阅读量 阅读时间（分钟） 阅读速度（单词／分钟）
20xx年 2272 35 64.914
20xx年 2383 35 68.086
20xx年 2355 35 67.286
20xx年 2524 35 69.563
20xx年 2434 35 69.514
表2、20xx～20xx年阅读理解力及题量比例对比表
年份 具体信息 猜测词义 意图态度 语篇理解 推理判断 主旨要义
20xx 12 3 0 0 3 2
20xx 7 3 2 0 4 4
20xx 10 1 1 2 1 5
20xx 5 1 4 3 3 4
20xx 7 1 2 2 3 2
3、语言地道，内涵丰富。
阅读理解部分选取的5篇短文语言地道、鲜活，体现了英语语言运用法灵活多变的特点。此外，阅读理解部分的短文寓意深刻，折射着深刻的人文精神和对科学的'追求。
4、词汇量大，句子长，结构复杂。
《课标标准》对高中英语教学的词汇部分提出了较高的要求，新的高中英语教材相应增加了每个单元的阅读量，加入了不少新单词、新词组和新的表达法。
其次，阅读理解短文中的长句和难句较多，给阅读增加了一定的难度。
二、科学地进行阅读训练，有效地提高阅读能力
1、强化单词及句型的记忆。
较大的词汇量是学好英语的根本保障，我们把对单词的记忆渗透到*时教学的点点滴滴中，在高二时，我们全组的老师齐心协力地编了一本包含音标、词性、词义的词汇集发给每一个学生，经常抽查他们的记忆情况。
2、精选合适的阅读材料，经常训练。
我们组织老师精选精编了一定量的阅读材料，题材广泛，形式多样，难易适度。要求学生每天精选一、两篇文章以相互对答案、翻词典、讨论的形式弄懂这些文章，老师再挑选典型的短文进行讲解。
3、对学生进行方法与技巧方面的指导。
一般来说，英语的阅读可分精读、泛读和快读三种形式。
精读的任务在于传授系统的基础语言知识，如语音、语法、词汇、篇章结构、语言功能意念等；训练语言的基本技能，如听、说、读、写、译等；培养运用英语进行交际的能力。学生进行精读训练的一般步骤是先疏通词汇，粗知文章的轮廓及大概，再研究文章的结构，弄清文章的内部联系，然后深入重点，剖析语言，分析内容，把握文章的重点，最后综合归纳，领会作者的意图。泛读的任务在于着重提高阅读理解能力，培养细致观察语言以及假设、判断、分析、归纳、推理、论证等逻辑思维的能力，培养速读能力以及阅读的兴趣，扩大词汇量，增强文化背景知识。学生应尽可能涉猎交际功能强、实用性强的应用文，以及各种体裁、题材的文字资料。快读,*时要养成快速泛读的*惯。这里所讲的泛读指广泛阅读大量涉及不同领域的书籍，要求读得快，理解掌握书中主要内容即可（文秋芳，1996）。要确定一个明确的数额，要结合自己的实践，量体裁衣；同时应注意读物的难易程度，单纯以速度衡量效果是不全面的。
参考文献
1、《普通高中英语课程标准》，（实验版）20xx, 译林出版社湖南办事处。
2、20xx年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲导读。
3、戴军熔 “NMET反拨作用调查与启示”.《中小学外语教学》，20xx年第10期。
4、葛文山 “关于提高高三阅读训练效率的几点建议”.《中小学外语教学》，20xx年第1期。
5、20xx年黄冈市二轮复*备考会材料汇编。
6、唐世俊 在高中英语阅读教学中运用多媒体培养学生自主学*能力”。
1. 抓住题目、首句、首段，推测文章内容
每一篇文章的题目、首句、首段往往是文章内容的高度概括。在开始阅读前，要根据这些推测文章的内容，这样做对理解文章起着不可估量的作用，在一定程度上扫清了可能出现的理解障碍，加速理解过程，提高阅读速度。
2. 先看题干，带着问题读文章
阅读题干，首先要掌握问题的类型，分清是客观信息题还是主观判断题。客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考察的是对文章的感情基调、作者未加陈述的观点以及贯穿全文的中心主旨的理解等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的`推理等。
其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。
3. 根据上下文猜测词义
在阅读的过程中，我们都会不可避免地遇到生词。而在关键的地方，对这些生词词义的推测和正确理解与否直接影响到我们对句子意思的把握和对全文的理解，以及对文章内容的正确把握。词汇量的大小一定程度上影响阅读速度的快慢及阅读理解的准确率，因此在阅读过程中根据上下文猜词义就成了一个主要的阅读技巧。
在词汇量大致相同的情况下，有的同学能运用这一技巧准确理解原文，有的同学则只因为运用阅读中碰到二、三个生词而导致对原文的误解，还有的同学把许多时间花费在一、二个对原文的准确理解无足轻重的生词上，而影响完成阅读量。
抓住文章的主要内容，根据上下文猜测词义来提高阅读速度。少数生词的存在决不会影响阅读理解。猜测并不是无边无际地对文章进行自己的臆测，它要求学生能够调动自己的所有知识，文化的，语言的等等，克服自己由于词汇量的不足带来的阅读障碍，较为准确地掌握文章的中心内容。
4. 根据构词法推测词义
英语中许多词由词根和词缀组成。引导学生掌握英语的词根、前缀和后缀，并懂得构词法，学生对构词法有一定的概念，了解词缀的意义不但是扩充词汇量的一条便捷途径，同时也可以帮助学生在阅读中判断生词的准确词意，从而提高阅读速度。因此，一定要重视利用词缀来扩充词汇量和通过理解词缀的意义来判断生词的确切含义，达到提高阅读速度的目的。
5. 利用略读、查读
略读，即指读者以最快的速度粗略地对文章的内容获以梗概;而查读，即指以最快的速度从一篇文章中淘沙拣金，获取读者所需的材料或信息，包括查找人名、地名、事件发生的事件或地点等。
首先快速浏览文章的前面几段，以便对文章的内容、背景、写作的风格以及作者的观点等有所了解，而对后面的一些段落可以只读每段的主题句。主题句一般位于句首、句末，也有少数插入段中。
6. 培养正确的阅读*惯
在阅读的过程中，头不要在阅读过程中来回移动，不要读出声，尽量不回视，一口气读完。不懂时，可根据问题的要求再回头重读，有针对性地查找相关信息。阅读时，以意群为阅读单位，不要逐词逐词的读，要养成这样的阅读*惯，必须经过长时期的训练才会有效果。而且，要注意将提高速度、丰富词汇量、扩大知识面与提高阅读能力，灌输阅读技巧有机地结合起来。
在课堂内外常有学生问到一个问题：在高考阅读的解题中，到底应该先看题目还是先看文章。可以说，这是高考阅读教学中的经典问题之一。通常情况下，我的回答是“*惯是人生伟大的指南”。因为不管是什么样的解题顺序，首先你要养成一个正确的阅读*惯，在好的*惯的指引下，任何题型的文章你都可以融会贯通，点面俱到。
通过长时间的高考阅读的研究和整理，我大体将目前学生的阅读流程分为三类：
第一类：读文章――做题目――回头再读文章
此为传统方法，命中率高，但速度稍慢。优点是能够迅速理解全文的主题脉络，连贯地进行信息的排查，缺点是由于人的记忆力有限，很多细节在做题时已经忘却，有不确定的地方仍需回到原文细细查找，寻找依据，耗时费力。这种方法的使用，需要较好的英文基础外加优秀的强记能力，一般使用于高分段的学生。
不过，这种阅读流程的效果不单纯作用于考试，还可以切实提高英文阅读水*，对同学们大学以后的学*大有帮助。所以这种阅读顺序，我推荐给高一高二的学生在*时的阅读解题中大可以培养这种*惯，一方面确保准确率，第二稳步提升自己的英文阅读实力，但对于高三的同学，这种方法有些欠妥。由于复*时间的紧张，我们最好摒弃掉此类阅读*惯。
第二类：读题目(题干+选项)―― 读文章 ―― 做题目
其实此类方法分两种，一种是只看题不看选项，即大致看看问题，然后带着问题再看文章;另一种是将题干和所有选择项看完，再看文章。第一种的优点是节约时间，缺点是由于不看选项，对于细节缺乏必要的把握，同样要返回文章找寻关键点，而且定位的时候没有精确的坐标;第二个就相对而言科学很多，优点是明了要重点注意的目标信息，有很好阅读的针对性，缺点是相对读文章的时间少了，难免断章取义缺少宏观的把握，容易陷入干扰选项设置的陷阱之中。
对于高三的同学们，我还是建议多使用这种方法，方法虽有利弊，但对于时间紧张的你们，往往事半功倍。
第三类：读主题――读题目―― 读全文――做题目
个人认为这种方法较以上两种更为全面和严谨，而我在新东方的课堂的上也是建议给每位同学们练*这种方法，养成很好的阅读*惯。
这种方法即先看懂各段首尾句或短文的第一段，大致明了文章的主题。此后细细地阅读题干推敲选项的大致设置，思考作者的行文规律和命题者的出题陷阱，然后带着已经在首尾句获得的信息和在题目中假设的思路回头进行有目的性的查找工作，准确率高且耗时相对较少。而我们现在的高考阅读文章均取自国内外的英文刊物，少有命题组自行行文的类型，此类文章逻辑严谨，结构清晰，所以气定神闲地先读完各段的首句再耐心的推敲考题选项的设置，往往会直接将四个选支排除掉一个或两个，这无疑对我们的解题帮助极大，减少了我们判断的压力轻松地将文章读完。
高考阅读虽错综复杂，但是只要你养成很好的阅读*惯，加上一些必要的解题技巧是一定能征服它的。新东方流传一句话“得阅读者，得天下”，可见阅读是高考的重中之重，所以让我们一起努力吧，征服阅读，战胜高考。
在课堂内外常有学生问到一个问题：在高考阅读的解题中，到底应该先看题目还是先看文章。可以说，这是高考阅读教学中的经典问题之一。通常情况下，我的回答是“*惯是人生伟大的指南”。因为不管是什么样的解题顺序，首先你要养成一个正确的阅读*惯，在好的*惯的指引下，任何题型的文章你都可以融会贯通，点面俱到。
一、根据文体特征，快速抓住要点
在上一节的知识必备中，我们讲到了英语中各种不同文体的特征。考生在英语考试中，就可以运用这方面的知识，根据文章的不同体裁的写作方法，迅速提取文章的信息。
二、紧抓主题句，快速理解全文
无论是读书，还是看报纸，我们首先见到的就是一篇文章的标题。标题往往是文章中心的高度浓缩;标题是一篇文章的纲，统帅全文。它是我们藉以了解文章的内容、作者的写作目的和意图的窗口。一般说来，我们只要读懂了标题，就基本上把握了文章阅读理解方向。
英语文章一般是按“总—分—总”这样一种思路来写的，也就是说，文章的第 1 句或第 2 句 多半为“总写”，为文章的主题句(topic sentence)，后面的文字就围绕它展开论述;而最后一句(尾句)或倒数第 2 句，就是在论述的基础上进行总结，得出结论或发出感慨。同样，往往每一段的第1 句 又为这一段的主题句;末尾的句子又为这一段的结论。因此，在一定程度上考生可以从首尾句入手，推测全文的内容，从而迅速理解全文。当然，有些文章的主题句并不在句子的首、尾，而在文章的中间;有的文章甚至没有主题句，这就要求考生灵活处理。
三、快速浏览全文，抓住事实和细节
事实是作者的思想和观点的有力证据，是作者所写文章的重要依据。而细节是使文章连成整体的主要手段，是使文章充满活力的重要方式。换句话说，事实和细节是文章的血和肉。不论事件多么惊人，也不论观点如何新奇，若没有事实和细节，这篇文章就显得空洞无力。高考中，很多问题就是考查考生对事实和细节的把握，因此，考生在了解了文体特点和通过文章首尾句掌握了文章的中心和主要内容的基础上，必须快速浏览全文，抓住文中的事实和细节。并且在浏览的过程中，考生应根据短文后面的问题和选项，将与之有关的事实和细节用笔一一画出，且标明其题的序号，以便研究答题。
四、抓住相关词语，快速弄清作者的思想
相关词语分为两大类：其一是关键词，即名词、动词、数词和形容词等实词，根据这些词语就能够看出句子或文章的主要内容;其二是信息词，即情态动词(may， must， can， have to等)，副词(yet， however， therefore， otherwise，carefully， seriously 等)、连词(but， while， though， if 等)等虚词和短语(as if /though， on thecontrary， by contrast， even if / though， in spite of 等)，根据这些词语就能够推断出文章中人物的精神状态或作者的目的、意图、观点、立场、态度及文章的逻辑关系。
五、研究重点，突破难点
在阅读过程中，碰到一些难以理解的问题，是非常正常的事情。这时，考生不必惊慌，而应冷静头脑，对问题进行认真分析、研究，从而进行难点突破。因为高考中的阅读毕竟是一种信息性的阅读，只要能提取正确的信息就足够了，因此对于那些不影响阅读的问题，就不必理会。只有当它们影响了对句子或文章的理解、特别是当它们影响问题的解决时，我们才在通读全文的基础上，对这些难点进行研究，加以分析、解决。
在课堂内外常有学生问到一个问题：在高考阅读的解题中，到底应该先看题目还是先看文章。可以说，这是高考阅读教学中的经典问题之一。通常情况下，我的回答是“*惯是人生伟大的指南”。因为不管是什么样的解题顺序，首先你要养成一个正确的阅读*惯，在好的*惯的指引下，任何题型的文章你都可以融会贯通，点面俱到。
通过长时间的高考阅读的研究和整理，我大体将目前学生的阅读流程分为三类：
第一类：读文章――做题目――回头再读文章
此为传统方法，命中率高，但速度稍慢。优点是能够迅速理解全文的主题脉络，连贯地进行信息的排查，缺点是由于人的记忆力有限，很多细节在做题时已经忘却，有不确定的地方仍需回到原文细细查找，寻找依据，耗时费力。这种方法的使用，需要较好的英文基础外加优秀的强记能力，一般使用于高分段的学生。
不过，这种阅读流程的效果不单纯作用于考试，还可以切实提高英文阅读水*，对同学们大学以后的学*大有帮助。所以这种阅读顺序，我推荐给高一高二的学生在*时的阅读解题中大可以培养这种*惯，一方面确保准确率，第二稳步提升自己的英文阅读实力，但对于高三的同学，这种方法有些欠妥。由于复*时间的紧张，我们最好摒弃掉此类阅读*惯。
第二类：读题目(题干+选项)―― 读文章 ―― 做题目
其实此类方法分两种，一种是只看题不看选项，即大致看看问题，然后带着问题再看文章;另一种是将题干和所有选择项看完，再看文章。第一种的优点是节约时间，缺点是由于不看选项，对于细节缺乏必要的把握，同样要返回文章找寻关键点，而且定位的时候没有精确的坐标;第二个就相对而言科学很多，优点是明了要重点注意的目标信息，有很好阅读的针对性，缺点是相对读文章的时间少了，难免断章取义缺少宏观的把握，容易陷入干扰选项设置的陷阱之中。
对于高三的同学们，我还是建议多使用这种方法，方法虽有利弊，但对于时间紧张的你们，往往事半功倍。
第三类：读主题――读题目―― 读全文――做题目
个人认为这种方法较以上两种更为全面和严谨，而我在新东方的课堂的上也是建议给每位同学们练*这种方法，养成很好的阅读*惯。
这种方法即先看懂各段首尾句或短文的第一段，大致明了文章的主题。此后细细地阅读题干推敲选项的大致设置，思考作者的行文规律和命题者的出题陷阱，然后带着已经在首尾句获得的信息和在题目中假设的思路回头进行有目的性的查找工作，准确率高且耗时相对较少。而我们现在的高考阅读文章均取自国内外的英文刊物，少有命题组自行行文的类型，此类文章逻辑严谨，结构清晰，所以气定神闲地先读完各段的首句再耐心的推敲考题选项的设置，往往会直接将四个选支排除掉一个或两个，这无疑对我们的`解题帮助极大，减少了我们判断的压力轻松地将文章读完。
高考阅读虽错综复杂，但是只要你养成很好的阅读*惯，加上一些必要的解题技巧是一定能征服它的。新东方流传一句话“得阅读者，得天下”，可见阅读是高考的重中之重，所以让我们一起努力吧，征服阅读，战胜高考。
在课堂内外常有学生问到一个问题：在高考阅读的解题中，到底应该先看题目还是先看文章。可以说，这是高考阅读教学中的经典问题之一。通常情况下，我的回答是“*惯是人生伟大的指南”。因为不管是什么样的解题顺序，首先你要养成一个正确的阅读*惯，在好的*惯的指引下，任何题型的文章你都可以融会贯通，点面俱到。
——英语阅读范文5份
More than 2400 years ago, the father of medicine, Hyppocrates, first recognized and discribed stroike as the sudden onset of paralysis. Untill recently the modern medicine has has a little power over the desease, but the world of stroke medicine is changging, the new and better theropies are being developed every day. Today, some people who have stroke can walk away fropm the attack with no or few disabilities if they are threated prom***. Doctors can finally offer stroke patients and their families the one thing that untill now has been hard to give: Hope.
In ancient tinmes, stroke was called apoplexy, a general term that phyiciant applied to anyone suddenly struck down with paralysis. Because many conditions can lead to suddent paralysis, the term apoplexy did not indicate a specific diagnosis or cause. Physiciants know very little about the cause of the strok and the only astablished theropy was to feed and care foe patient until the attack run its course.
篇一：篮球
Interest in basketball in the United States peaks around three big championship events in the spring: the college championships for men and women in late March or early April and the professional playoffs that climax in June.
But that’s only organized basketball. Informally, the game has been learned by generations of American youths on city playgrounds and schoolyards, on lonely baskets put up in backyards of rural homes and on the driveway basketball courts of countless suburban homes. Here, playing on teams, going one-on-one against a single opponent or just shooting the ball hour after hour alone, some of the finest basketball players have developed their skills to incredible levels.
But as brilliant as some players may be, basketball requires coaching to teach athletes skills they are deficient in and to blend a group of individuals into a team. Styles of coaching vary. Some coaches favor an extremely disciplined game with each player having a specific role while others are more inclined to let their players dictate the style of play.
美国人对篮球的兴趣在春季三大锦标赛期间达到高潮。这包括三月底或四月初举行的大学男篮锦标赛和大学女篮锦标赛，以及在六月份进入决赛高潮的职业篮球赛。
上面说的只是有组织的正式比赛。在市内的运动场和学校的操场上，在农舍后院的简易篮球筐下，或是在无数市郊住宅的自家车道上划出的篮球场上，一代代的美国青少年的学*打篮球。一批最优秀的篮球选手，就是在这种队与队的对抗，单与单的较量，或是一个人数小时的投篮练*中，练就一身出神入化的球技的。
尽管有些球员很有天赋，篮球运动还是需要有教练指导的，帮助球员学*他们掌握欠佳的技术，并把一个个球员熔合成一个队，教练的风格各异。有些教练部署严谨，队员各司其职;有的则倾向于让队员去决定比赛的打法和风格。
篇二：生命之坚持
Some people insist that only today and tomorrow matter. But how much poorer we would be if we really lived by that rule! So much of what we do today is frivolous and futile and soon forgotten. So much of what we hope to do tomorrow never happens.
The past is the bank in which we store our most valuable possession: the memories that give meaning and depth to our lives. Those who truly treasure the past will not bemoan the passing of the good old days, because days enshrined in memory are never lost. Death itself is powerless to still a remembered voice or erase a remembered smile. And for one boy who is now a man, there is a pond which neither time nor tide can change, where he can still spend a quiet hour in the sun.
一些人坚持认为只有今日与明日最重要。可要按这条规则来生活的'话，我们将会变得更加可怜。今天我们所做之事有多少是琐碎无功的，很快就被人遗忘.又有多少我们明天要为之事将会成为泡影。 过去是一所银行。我们将最可贵的财富——记忆珍藏其中，这些记忆赋予我们生命的意义和厚度。真正珍惜过去之人不会为美好时光逝去而哀叹。那些珍藏于记忆的时光是永远不会消失的。死亡本身也无法止住记忆中的声音，或擦除记忆中的微笑。对于已经长大**的小男孩来说，那儿将会有一个池塘。它不会因时间和潮汐而改变，可以让他大继续在阳光下享受静谧的时光。
LovePeopleInAllKindsOfWeather
Make sure your love is unconditional. Make sure you love people in all kinds of "weather". Or else what is the use if we love a person only when he is good or she is nice? When I need the people most that's when they leave me. All the time. So please, I hope you won't be like that. We always have to consider the other party, your companion's situation and mood. Maybe he's in difficulty right now. That's why his mood is not so sweet.
Maybe she has so much work to do and so many headaches, so she cannot be so darling like usual. That time is the time when we need to show our most noble quality, the way we want ourselves to be.
It's not that if you are sweet to that person then he will love you more. Maybe he will, maybe he won't. But that is not the point to be good and to be noble. To be good, to be noble is for ourselves because we choose to be that way, we want to keep being that way, and we feel good about it. It's not because, "Okay, now he needs me more. If I show more sympathy, then our love will be stronger"; It's not even to be considered.
But most of the time we fail the test. When people are in most difficulty, we just leave them, or we are cold and indifferent. "Oh, you're not nice to me. All right, all right.";"You'll come and need me soon."; Of course they will. When they're in a better mood, when everything goes better, of course they'll come around. But then it's too late. Then it is not love anymore. It's just a need for each other. That's different, because you are used to each other and you need each other sometimes out of habit, out of convenience, out of financial security reasons -- anything. But it's not true love.
True Love Always Prevails
True love is we stick together in "thick and thin";. Especially when it's thin, when it's troublesome. Then we should really bridge over the "troubled water". That's what they say in English. But most of us fail the test, to ourselves, not to our partners. He might leave you, he might stay with you, because you're nice or not nice. But you fail yourself. You leave yourself. You leave the most noble being that you really are. So we should check up on this to our family members or whomever that is beloved and dear to us. Most of the time in critical situations, we just turn our backs and that is no good.
Of course we have our anger, our frustrations, because our partners are not as loving as usual, or whomever that is; but he or she is in a different situation. At that time, she or he is in mental suffering. It's just as bad or even worse than physical suffering. Physical suffering you can take a pill or you can have an injection and it stops or at least temporarily stops, and you feel the effect right away; or at least if people are in physical suffering, everyone sympathizes with them.
But when they are in mental anguish, and we pound them more on that, and we turn our backs and become cold and indifferent, that is even more cruel, even worse. That person will be swimming alone in suffering. And especially they trust us as the next of kin, the next person, the one that they think they can rely on in times of need; and then at that time, we just turn around and are snobbish, because they didn't treat us nice so we just want to revenge. That's not the time. You can revenge later, when he's in better shape. Just slap him.
Abundance is a life style, a way of living your life. It isn’t something you buy now and then or pull down from the cupboard, dust off and use once or twice, and then return to the cupboard.
Abundance is a philosophy; it appears in your physiology, your value system, and carries its own set of beliefs. You walk with it, sleep with it, bath with it, feel with it, and need to maintain and take care of it as well.
Abundance doesn’t always require money. Many people live with all that money can buy yet live empty inside. Abundance begins inside with some main self-ingredients, like love, care, kindness and gentleness, thoughtfulness and compassion. Abundance is a state of being. It radiates outward. It shines like the sun among the many moons in the world.
Being from the brightness of abundance doesn’t allow the darkness to appear or be in the path unless a choice to allow it to. The true state of abundance doesn’t have room for lies or games normally played. The space is too full of abundance. This may be a challenge because we still need to shine for other to see.
Abundance is seeing people for their gifts and not what they lack or could be. Seeing all things for their gifts and not what they lack.
Start by knowing what your abundances are, fill that space with you, and be fully present from that state of being. Your profession of choice is telling you of knowing and possibilities. That is their gift. Consultants and customer service professionals have the ministrative assistants and virtual assistants have an abundance of coordination and time management. Abundance is all around you, and all within. See what it is; love yourself for what it is, not what you’re missing, or what that can be better, but for what it is at this present moment.
Be in a state of abundance of what you already have. I guarantee they are there; it always is buried but there. Breathe them in as if they are the air you breathe because they are yours. Let go of anything that isn’t abundant for the time being. Name the shoe boxes in your closet with your gifts of abundance; pull from them every morning if needed. Know they are there.
Learning to trust in your own abundance is required. When you begin to be within your own space of abundance, whatever you need will appear whenever you need it. That’s just the way the higher powers set this universe up to work. Trust the universal energy. The knowing of it all will humble you to its power yet let the brightness of you shine everywhere it needs to. Just by being from a state of abundance, it is being you.
Observe a child; any one will do. You will see that not a day passes in which he does not find something or other to make him happy, though he may be in tears the next moment. Then look at a man; any one of us will do. You will notice that weeks and months can pass in which day is greeted with nothing more than resignation1, and endure with every polite indifference. Indeed, most men are as miserable as sinners, though they are too bored to sin-perhaps their sin is their indifference2. But it is true that they so seldom smile that when they do we do not recognize their face, so distorted is it from the fixed mask we take for granted3. And even then a man can not smile like a child, for a child smiles with his eyes, whereas a man smiles with his lips alone. It is not a smile; but a grin; something to do with humor4, but little to do with happiness. And then, as anyone can see, there is a point (but who can define that point?) when a man becomes an old man, and then he will smile again.
It would seem that happiness is something to do with simplicity, and that it is the ability to extract pleasure form the simplest things-such as a peach stone, for instance.
It is obvious that it is nothing to do with success. For Sir Henry Stewart was certainly successful. It is twenty years ago since he came down to our village from London, and bought a couple of old cottages, which he had knocked into one. He used his house a s weekend refuge5. He was a barrister. And the village followed his brilliant career with something almost amounting to paternal pride.
I remember some ten years ago when he was made a King's Counsel6, Amos and I, seeing him get off the London train, went to congratulate him. We grinned with pleasure; he merely looked as miserable as though he'd received a penal sentence. It was the same when he was knighted; he never smiled a bit, he didn't even bother to celebrate with a round of drinks at the "Blue Fox"7. He took his success as a child does his medicine. And not one of his achievements brought even a ghost of a smile to his tired eyes.
I asked him one day, soon after he'd retired to potter about his garden,8 what is was like to achieve all one's ambitions. He looked down at his roses and went on watering them. Then he said "The only value in achieving one's ambition is that you then realize that they are not worth achieving." Quickly he moved the conversation on to a more practical level, and within a moment we were back to a safe discussion on the weather. That was two years ago.
I recall this incident, for yesterday, I was passing his house, and had drawn up my cart just outside his garden wall. I had pulled in from the road for no other reason than to let a bus pass me. As I set there filling my pipe, I suddenly heard a shout of sheer joy come from the other side of the wall.
I peered over. There stood Sir Henry doing nothing less than a tribal war dance9 of sheer unashamed ecstasy. Even when he observed my bewildered face staring over the wall he did not seem put out10 or embarrassed, but shouted for me to climb over.
——小学英语教师先进事迹材料优选【5】份
一、关爱每一个学生
有人说，卢老师就像一团火，不论走到哪里，都会给大家带来温馨、和谐和欢乐。她对同志满腔热忱，不管是谁，只要是思想上，工作上、生活上有困难，她都会毫不犹豫地给予帮助。她把每一个学生都当作自己的孩子，充满热情和关怀。几年来，不知她牺牲了多少休息时间为学生补*功课，也不知有多少对英语学*失去信心的学生，被她的热情唤起了希望。六(3)班的一个学生不爱学英语，常常不写作业，但他却酷爱打篮球。当她知道学生的理想是到NBA打篮球时，卢老师表扬那位学生有理想，并且买了一些NBA精选的VCD和《篮球杂志》给学生看。她收集了大量从中国到外国打球的球星的访谈记录和他们在外国生活、训练等报道，其中有不少文章提到这些球星遇到的第一个难题就是语言关，他们现在正努力学*外语。例如，2002年9月4日的《中国足球报》第五版就有题目为《二李出国踢球第一关：学外语》。通过摆事实、讲道理，那位学生思想开始转变，开始把打篮球的劲儿用到学*英语上来了，上课不仅积极发言，家庭作业也能一丝不苟地完成，课后还参加英语口语班学*。
二、风趣幽默的故事教学
卢老师课堂教学最大的特点是能把一段很普通的对话演绎得出神入化。她善于用幽默的语言使枯燥无味的教学内容变得生动活泼，*淡无奇的生词变得多姿多彩;她善于通过事例，把小学生看来是抽象深奥的语法知识变得具体形象。在宽松和谐的气氛中通过师生互动方式，学生便轻松地、愉快地、不知不觉地完成新知识的学*。小学生很爱听故事，卢老师通过讲故事的形式，进行新课的导入，从一开始就能抓住学生的注意力，唤醒学生学*的兴趣。学生英语的听力在听故事的过程中得到提高;通过表演英语故事学生的口语在不断地进步。为了引导学生阅读英语故事，卢老师自己动笔创作，还不到一年的时间里她在不同报刊发表的英语故事有24篇。她的学生阅读的英语故事多了，调动了学生最原始的写作冲动，他们对英语故事的创作很感兴趣，在她的指导下也开始创作英语故事，她的学生青出于蓝而胜于蓝，从2004.3.——2004.10.这半年的时间里就发表了15篇英文故事、小诗等形式的作品。学生在听故事——表演故事——读故事——创作故事的过程中听、说、读、写、应用等综合能力的到升华。她把自己通过教学实践、探索、研究以及思考后的一些认识和感受撰写成论文《浅谈如何引导小学生进行英语阅读》、此文发表在《小学青年教师》第九期。
三、生动活泼的英文歌曲教学
卢老师在英语教学上的另一个特点就是每节课都充满激情，她的每一节课都有主题曲，每一节课就好像一部和学生一起演出的连续剧中的精彩片段，下课了，学生往往还把她围得水泄不通，他们还想继续演下去，
四、充满智慧的小诗、童谣教学
卢老师工作主动、积极、投入，目光敏锐，思维活跃，热情充沛，善于从寻常的教学活动中获得不寻常的发现。出口成章是卢老师教学的另一个特点。她所教的一年级的口语课全都安排在第四节或下午上。一年级的学生刚从幼儿园升上小学，注意力不容易集中，坐不住，尤其到了第四节课，学生注意力太分散，卢老师在上课时看到有学生偷偷地从书包里拿出零食吃，她灵机一动，马上创作了一首小孩子和母亲对话的小诗，然后让学生朗读：
小孩子：
Mummy, Mummy,
I am very hungry.
Please give me a candy,
I will be very happy.
母亲：
Oh, my dear baby,
Don’t be so lazy.
It’s time to study,
We have lunch at twelve-thirty.
因为小诗符合学生当时的实际情况，学生感到兴奋，忘记了饥饿，整节课学生学得很愉快。这种触景生情，即兴创作的小诗每节课都发挥到了淋漓尽致的境地。这些年来，卢老师为学生编写了大量的短小精悍、音韵和谐、琅琅上口的小诗、童谣。她撰写的论文《小诗在小学英语教学中的应用》发表在《中小学外语教学》2004年第一期。她和其他英语教师一起改编的小学生英语课外读物《英语小诗与童谣》在2001年10月由广州音响出版社出版。
五、独具一格的木偶表演教学
卢老师的课堂教学方法变化万千、层出不穷。她利用木偶表演营造一个英语学*的环境，一个小小的舞台和背景使情景新颖。这个舞台和背景在成年人的眼里是模拟的，但是在孩子的眼里却是真实的。木偶也是有生命的。因此他们的表演也很逼真。例如，她在教SUCCESS WITH ENGLISH 第三册 UNIT 3 IT’S A NICE T-SHIRT这课时，她设计了一个小小的卖衣服的场景，学生就在这个场景里活灵活现地表演卖衣服和卖衣服。把教学内容情景化、戏剧化，让学生有亲临其境的体验，
主动积极的参与课堂教学活动。这种木偶剧的表演方式，让学生的童心童趣与英语学*溶为一体，使英语学*更为形象化、趣味化。她撰写的论文《木偶表演在小学英语教材中的应用》发表在《中小学外英语教学与研究》2004年第八期。
六、层出不穷的谜语教学
“教师这个职业高尚、神圣，很有意义。和学生们在一起，我感到有无穷的乐趣。”今年33岁，在教育战线上耕耘了14个春秋的仲丽，快乐活泼、果敢自信，对当初选择教师这一职业无怨无悔，她痴迷、她执着，她为了学生，甘做一片最美的叶子。
爱岗敬业，做一片奉献的绿叶
有人说敬业和奉献是一对孪生姊妹，敬业才会爱岗，爱岗才会乐于奉献，对于这一点，仲丽有深切的体会。20xx年学校面临连云港市小学英语课程基地的创建工作，作为学校英语教学的领头雁她深感肩上的担子是多么沉重。每天早晨踏进校门就感觉像上足了发条的闹钟，总有忙不完的事。白天上课，批改作业，辅导学生，晚上还要搜集资料，制定方案。上一年级的女儿总是不解的问：“妈妈，你今天能做饭给我吃吗？别人的妈妈怎么没有你那么忙呢？”她听了,心里有说不出的滋味，真的不知道怎样回答女儿，因为忙碌的她真的不敢对女儿承诺……
然而就在创建工作的关键时刻，她的母亲高血压犯了，经常晕倒不省人事。为了不影响工作，家人没有让她知道，当她周日回娘家时才知道，急忙赶到医院，看到了正在输液的母亲。她没有一句话，天生不爱哭的她只有流不尽的眼泪，当时真想请几天假陪着母亲，可是想到创建工作临*，她把这件事埋到了心底，第二天照常上班了。一想起这些,她的心里就很难受，觉得对不住家人。令人欣慰的是，学校的创建工作成功了，学校被评为连云港市首批小学英语课程基地。在今年三月份的市课程基地视导中，我校富有特色的英语课程基地得到了市领导专家的一致好评。
勤于学*，做一片勤奋的绿叶
随着时代的进步，社会对教师的要求越来越高了。做为一名年轻的教师，她深知自己的未来任重而道远。面对教育新形势，她积极主动地参加各种岗位培训和继续教育学*，想方设法提高自己的素质和业务水*。
20xx年春天，她参加了赣榆县首期小学英语教师培训班。在培训班学*的半年时间里，她每天坚持早起半个小时，在校园里进行英语早读，以锻炼自己的口语能力；课堂上认真听取老师讲解英语专业知识；晚上做英语*题到深夜，最后她以优异的成绩成功地由一名小学语文教师转型为英语教师。走上课堂，深知自己是转岗教师，英语语音及理论素养欠缺，于是，她充分利用一切机会给自己“充电”，通过多种途径充实自己。为了提高自己的口语水*，她每天坚持看英语节目、英语电影，定时听英语歌曲、英语新闻，经过长时间的锻炼，她的口语水*有了很大的提高。为了提高自己的专业理论水*，她坚持阅读教育理论书籍及报刊杂志上的文章，浏览名师的教育博客。经过努力，她感受到自己的理论水*得到了极大的提高。她的课堂教学变得活泼而灵动。一分付出一分收获，她先后被评为市首批名师、市首批学科带头人、市首批骨干教师、市基础教育课程基地建设领军人物、市课堂教学先进个人、县教学工作先进个人、县骨干教师、县教坛新秀等光荣称号;在各类比赛中也取得了优异的成绩，获全国首届新课程小学优秀课评选二等奖、市教学能手比赛一等奖、市专业技能竞赛一等奖、市《集体备课手册》优秀复备评选一等奖、市小学生英语课外活动汇报表演竞赛优秀指导教师、县专业技能竞赛一等奖、县小学英语教师技能展示一等奖……
在教育教学中，她追求卓越，与时俱进。为了上好每一节课，她总是深入钻研教材，不断探索改革教学的方法及手段，努力挖掘教材的内涵。她还坚信“开卷有益”，深信“三人行必有我师”，因而不断地向书本学*，向实践学*，向同行学*，总之，她利用一切机会向别人学*。教学中，她寓教于乐，大胆创新，采用质疑问难的方法，有效地唤醒学生的创新意识，发展学生的创新思维，让学生在乐中学、做中学、玩中学。*几年，她面向省、市、县开设公开课、示范课、讲座二十多次；利用业余时间撰写了十多篇专业论文，发表在《小学教学研究》、《陕西教育》、《教师教育》等省市刊物上；所带班级教学成绩一直名列全镇前茅，被评为“赣榆县英雄中队”、“镇先进班集体”、“镇优秀中队”等；辅导学生在各级各类竞赛中获奖30余人次……
关爱学生，做一片慈爱的绿叶
爱是教育的源泉。作为一名班主任，仲丽老师对学生充满了炽热的爱，她是学生的知心朋友，像母亲一样关爱着每一个学生，在她的班级里，爱的故事时常回荡着、延续着。
李笑，一个女生，脸上时常洋溢着幸福的微笑。有一天，这孩子脸上的笑容没有了，眼里还时常闪动着泪花。经过了解，仲丽明白了，原来，李笑的妈妈得病去世了。可怜的孩子！从那以后，仲丽把关心、疼爱李笑当成了生活中的一件大事。每天，她都会主动和李笑聊一聊，问寒问暖，帮她梳梳头发、理理衣服。一**，仲丽老师请李笑到自己家做客；一次次，仲丽带领全班同学，和李笑一起开展活动，在班级这个温暖的大家庭，让这个孩子慢慢走出了心灵的阴霾。
李乐乐，另一名女生，被查出患有白血病，家庭的贫困、残酷的病魔，马上就压垮了李乐乐的家。仲丽老师鼓励她勇于和病魔斗争，充满信心，快乐生活。在第一时间，发动本班学生献爱心，捐款为李乐乐治病。并及时向学校领导汇报，争取学校支持，在她倡议下，全校师生为李乐乐捐了款。老师的关爱、同学的帮助，给一个脆弱的生命以强大的力量。
仲丽老师的爱如杏花春雨，给学生以快慰、和幸福，她是孩子们心中最美的偶像。
搭建人梯，做一片引领的绿叶
作为青口小学英语教学的领头雁，在自己迅速成长起来以后，仲丽老师十分重视对其他英语教师的培养。县教育局请她成立了本县第一个小学英语名师工作室——“仲丽小学英语名师工作室”。她组织英语教师学*课程标准，研究教学方法，观看录像案例。她还组织了“英语教师课堂教学艺术培训班”，和一些有经验的教师每周利用一个晚上向青年教师传授课堂教学艺术。青年教师上公开课时，她常常和她们共同研究教材、设计教案，甚至手把手地教。有一次，她发烧到39度，还和一位将要上公开课的青年教师研究教案。青年教师再三劝她休息，而她却说：“你的课如能成功，我的烧就退了。”一直坚持研究到夜里十二点。后来，这位青年教师在市优质课评比中获得一等奖。当拿到优质课证书时，青年教师感动得哭了，她高兴地笑了。她搭起的人梯，让英语教师迅速成长起来，其中三位教师被评为市骨干教师，六位教师被评为县骨干教师，两位教师获市基本功一等奖，七位教师获县基本功一等奖……所在的英语教研组被评为市巾帼文明岗、市五一巾帼标兵岗、市青年文明号、市优秀教研组等。
仲丽老师扎根于*凡的教育工作,她锲而不舍、静心做好每一天的工作，于*凡的岗位上取得优异成绩。她像一片绿叶，执着于教育这片热土，热情勤奋、昂扬向上，她为学校的师生搭起了一片清凉的绿荫。
女，1976年10出生，中**员，大专学历，中学一级教师，乡县第九次党代会代表，现任教乡实验中学英语学科，兼管计划生育和档案管理工作。
她1996年毕业于河北隆尧师范学校，取得邢台学院英语专业大专学历。任教以来，，勤奋执教、勇挑重担，默默无闻，赢得了学校领导和社会各届的充分肯定。由于教学工
作实绩突出，被评为县级模范教师，——连续四年在年终考核中评为优秀。荣获县“三八红旗手”称号，被授予乡县第三届十大杰出教师称号。所撰写的教学论文《如何做好中考英语听力试题》、《河北中考英语单项选择题评析》分别发表于《邢台教研》一书；论文《如何提高农村中学生的口语表达能力》发表于省级教育学术杂志《学周刊》，并获省级教育科学研究成果一等奖。
一、立足三尺讲台，无私奉献青春年华
老师自1996年8月参加工作以来，以求真务实的工作态度，甘于奉献的工作作风，宽容正直的做人准则，全身心地投入到教育教学工作中。在教学工作上，已奋斗了十五个春秋，年年担任班主任。她热爱本职工作，把教书育人作为自己的崇高职责，有很强的事业心和责任感，工作认真负责，把思想政治工作渗透到课堂教学、科学研究及其它教学环节中，做到既教书又育人。在*凡的岗位上体现着自己人生价值。在教学工作中本着师生之间民主*等原则，尊重学生的人格、个性、思想，强调师生的互动配合，利用课堂上的互动效应，引导启发学生，有力的巩固了课堂教学，促进了学生知识的掌握，收到了较好的效果。99年所教学生同学在全国中学生英语能力竞赛中，荣获了初三年级组国家级一等奖，国家基础教育实验中心也授于她优秀辅导教师称号。由于工作成绩突出：多次被评为“先进班主任”、模范教师、县“三八红旗手”，乡县第三届十大杰出教师。
二、不断学*、努力追求、逐步提高自身素质
工作中不断钻研，坚持自学、进修、实践、不断改进教学、教法的指导思想，因材施教，充分发挥学生的主观能动性、强**学的延伸性、注重教学的民主性，收到了较好的课堂教学效果。
作为一名教师，她也深深地知道，德高方为人师、情挚始能服人，要像一只永不停歇地陀螺，向老同志学，向同事们学，向网络学，向报纸杂志学。通过学*，教育、教学理论得到了不断地丰富与提高，为促进学生的科学管理、进一步开展教学工作和学生管理工作奠定了坚实的基础。她最初学历是中师，作为新时代的教师，也是日益感到自己的吃力，对高科技、网络信息等几乎是一知半解。她利用业余时间进修，学*电脑知识。在学术钻研方面，她不懈追求、奋力进取。所撰写的教学论文《如何做好中考英语听力试题》、《河北中考英语单项选择题评析》分别发表于《邢台教研》一书；论文《如何提高农村中学生的口语表达能力》发表于省级教育学术杂志《学周刊》，并获省级教育科学研究成果一等奖。
三、踏踏实实、任劳任怨，兼顾学校计生工作。
9月，由于工作需要，侯老师兼负责学校的计划生育工作。该校教师有三百多名，其中育龄妇女有将*二百人。一切的新工作、新任务，使她从单纯的上课走上了教学与教师管理。计生工作压力很大，她从不叫苦叫累，而是欣然接受。为了做好计生工作，她坚持“以人为本”的思想，增强服务意识，积极开展优质服务，满足育龄员工需求，使计划生育服务更加人性化。她关心育龄女员工身体和生殖健康，代表学校上门探望慰问有病和产后的女员工，不仅生活上给予关心，而且把计划生育工作做到了家。并定期召开计划生育会议，认真贯彻落实上级部门关于计划生育工作的精神，做到计划生育工作有部署和有检查。积极宣传国家计生政策和长效节育措施，计划外生育。
侯老师深知人民教师责任的重大与光荣，她愿贡献出自己全部的人生与心血，为学生甘洒汗水育英苗，为人民的教育事业奉献青春、尽显风流，做出她自己全部的努力。
就是在这样一个*凡的岗位上，老师默默无闻，兢兢业业，任劳任怨，全身心地投入教育教学工作中，赢得了学生和家长的尊敬与爱戴，赢得了老师和领导们的好评。
从初登讲坛的青涩，到今天的成稳娴熟，在这小小的三尺讲台上，xx老师凭借自己独特的人格魅力、务实的教学作风和对待学生的满腔热情，七次被评为校“先进工作者”和“教科研先进个人”，还获得“江苏省优秀青年教师”、“江苏省英语课程教材改革实验先进个人”、“海滨县新长征突击手”、“海滨县小学英语教学能手”、“盐城市小学英语教学能手”等称号。
一、创新课堂，做教海探航的水手
提高课堂教学质量与效果一直是陶老师努力追求的目标，她勇敢地改革课本内容，对教材进行延伸、修改、重组、再创造，使教材成为发展学生思维的磁场。为了检验改革成果，她主动上示范课，接受同行专家验收评估。仅*几年中，她先后执教县级观摩课5次、开设县级讲座4次，参加县送教下乡活动6次。她先后获得县、市英语优质课一等奖、省英语优质课二等奖。09年，因英语教学成效显著被县教育局推荐赴澳大利亚进修学*。
二、立徳铸魂，做谆谆善诱的良师
育才更在育人。陶老师善于走进学生的情感世界,和孩子们交朋友,做到严而有格、严而有爱。*年来由她辅导的学生*30人次在省、市、县级比赛中获奖。来自单亲家庭的学生小华心理压抑、自卑孤独，学*成绩一路下滑，失去了进取心。陶老师多次找小华谈心，利用下班后的时间帮她无偿补*，小华的成绩渐渐提高了，很快成为一个活泼快乐的女孩。她送给陶老师自己的一张照片，背后写着：“陶老师，您是我遇到的最好的老师，你就是我的妈妈！”小华的故事只是陶老师教育教学工作中一个案例。多年来，她一直深爱着她的学生，让学生从爱中寻求前进的力量，从爱中汲取精神的营养，从爱中得到满足和教育。
三、潜心科研，做勤学苦练的标兵
陶老师还积极投身教育科研，不断提高自己研究解决问题的能力。她先后有20多篇论文在国家、省、市、县级获奖。其中，《浅谈对小学英语早读的重新认识》等3篇文章先后发表于国家、省、市级期刊。她还5次参与主编省级出版社的教学辅导用书。去年，由她主持的国家级和县级课题也顺利结题。
风清草绿催人进，不用扬鞭自奋蹄。xx将自己的青春热血融入挚爱的英语教学事业，高歌猛进，书写着人生最美的乐章。
XX县XX镇中心小学英语教师XX,在党的关怀,培养和同志们的帮助下时时以一个优秀教师的标准要求自己，努力工作，热于奉献，让每一位学生在她的课堂上都有所收获是她事业追求的目标，“学高为师，德高为范”是她的自律信条。
一、锐意进取，不断超越。
在她从事教育教学工作以来，忠诚于党的教育事业，教书育人，诲人不倦。时时以一个优秀教师的标准要求自己，工作勤勤恳恳、兢兢业业、坚持出满勤，干满点，不迟到早退。师德高尚，模范履行教师职责，热爱学生，团结同志，忘我工作，无私奉献，为教育事业呕心沥血。在*凡的岗位上做出了不*凡的业绩。在多年的教育教学中，为了不断提高自己的政治业务素养，提高自己的教学认识水*，积极参加各种政治学*和政治活动，积极参加师德师风建设活动，向优秀教师、先进教育工作者学*。工作期间，她既教书又育人，经常对学生进行思想品德教育，教育学生做人要自立自强，诚实守信，为人正直；在学*上要积极进取，开拓创新，待人要宽厚，做事要有责任心；在生活上要勤劳节俭，生活俭朴。经常教育学生热爱祖国，热爱人民，热爱集体，做一个社会主义合格的接班人。
二、认真教学，潜心教研。
作为一名教师，她不断地刻苦钻研业务，认真研究教材教法，研究新课程标准，注重多方位培养学生的能力和学**惯，对工作讲求实效，对学生因材施教。备课时，她精心设计环节，努力钻研教材，做到备教材，备学生，备资源，向40分钟课堂要质量。课堂上给学生畅所欲言的时间和空间，让学生做课堂的主人，而则循循善诱的引导，做好学生的学*合作伙伴，学*效果事半功倍。教育学生上，她很注重培优扶差的工作，对于后进生总是给予特殊的照顾，在课堂上多提问，多巡视，多辅导，对他们的点滴进步给予大力的表扬；课后多找他们谈心、交朋友，树立起他们的信心和激发他们学*的兴趣。她抓好学生的小组学*活动，选拔优秀的小组长，带领小组成员一起进步，所以她所教学科的成绩在镇检测中也名列前茅。
三、积极参加教研教改活动，努力提高自身素质。
在这方面，她积极参加镇公开研讨课，教学技能不断提高。由于她加强自身学*，注重培养孩子的综合能力，获得领导、学校同事和当地家长们的一致好评。
四、关爱学生，无私忘我。
关爱每一个学生，“爱心”是老师工作中不可缺少的情操，可以说，没有爱也就没有教育。尤其是当今留守儿童多，他们更需要教师的“爱心”，爱学生不仅要爱那些聪明、漂亮、优秀的学生，也要爱那些不听话、成绩差的学生，她对学生爱中有严，严中有爱，不偏爱一位好学生，更不放弃一位差生。今年她所带的四年级学生多，学困生更多，学生基础差。但经过她的努力到期末考成绩都在上中水*，没有落下一个孩子。她常说：“要对得起孩子和家长，要对得起自己的良心。”并且总是用一颗朴实的爱心去爱每一位学生。本着不让一个学生掉队的信念耕耘在教育的沃土上，在她的努力下，学生学*英语的兴趣不断浓厚，英语的学**惯健康积极向上。
几年来的教育生涯，使她真切的感受到教师是太阳底下最光荣的职业，她已深深的爱上了教师这个岗位，并愿为祖国的教育事业默默地耕耘着，无私地奉献着，孜孜地追求着，用自己的青春去谱写辉煌的篇章。
——拐弯阅读答案优选【五】份
阅读下面这篇文章，完成1-4题。
学会“拐弯”
①我国杰出的语言文字学家、“汉语拼音之父”周有光，今年105岁了，除了耳朵需要戴助听器外，思维敏捷，笔耕不止，每月都有文章发表在国内外的报刊上。央视采访他的长 寿秘诀时，周老说：“凡事要想得开，要有一个好心态。”主持人开玩笑地说：“要是我还是想不开呢？”周老跟着说：“拐个弯，不就想开了嘛！拐个弯，坏事就是好事。”周老的“拐弯”说，是他百岁养生经验的概括和百年人生的智慧，也是对人们的忠告。
②历史像一辆在弯弯曲曲路上行进的车子，每个人都是坐在车上的乘客。车子拐弯了，不随着车子拐弯的人，就有掉下去的危险。***对此说得更形象：“每当历史的车子在转弯时，总会有人从车子上掉下来。”原因就是这些人没有适应车子的转弯而主动转弯。爱因斯坦说：“人的最高本领是能够主动适应客观条件。”适应，用通俗的话说，就是会“拐弯”。由此可见，“拐弯”在人生的字典里是个关键词，由于每个人对这个词理解、掌握和运用的水*不同，就造成了千差万别的人生，演绎出五彩缤纷的世界。所以，人只有主动顺应历史潮流，主动适应客观条件“拐弯”，才能更好地生存和发展。
③俗话说，人生在世行路难，行不通时拐个弯。这个“拐弯”，不是放弃，不是退出，而是在迂回中窥测前进的方向，在困难中发现有利的因素，在审时度势后作出理智的选择。“**”时北大著名教授季羡林被勒令守楼和听电话。一般人会觉得这是无法忍受的屈辱，可季老认为这是难得的好时光，便利用着3年“好时光”，翻译了280万字的印度史诗《罗摩衍那》，为中国翻译史和中印文化交流建起了一座丰碑。
④有人用字母“V”来形容“拐弯”：左边的一半代表向下，右边的.一半代表向上；左边是向下的趋势，但到底部终止了，转为向上。这是形退实进，是消极状态向积极状态的转折。做一件事有时也是如此，本来以为走到了失败的境地，换一种角度去思考，你会突然发现其实正好走向另一成功的途径。伊朗建德黑兰皇宫时，设计者原打算把镜子镶嵌在墙面上的。当镜子从国外 运抵工地后却被打破了，他们就大胆创新，将这些碎片镶嵌到墙壁和天花板上。于是，天花板和四壁看上去就像由一颗颗璀璨夺目的“钻石”镶嵌而成，德黑兰皇宫也因此成为世界上最漂亮的马赛克建筑。
⑤可见，人生天地间，学会“拐弯”是极为要紧的事。学会“拐弯”，不仅需要面对困难的好心态，更需要化解困难的大智慧。（选自《思维与智慧》20xx年第9期，有改动）
1．文章第①段在全文中起什么作用？
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2．文章第②-④段具体阐述了怎样做才能学会“拐弯”，请逐段简要概括。
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3．阅读下面句子，联系上下文，探究括号中的问题。
（1）有人用字母“V”来形容“拐弯”：左边一半代表向下，右边一半代表向上；左边是向下的趋势，但到底部终止了，转为向上。（用字母“V”来形容“拐弯”有什么好处？）
______________________________________
（2）学会“拐弯”，不仅需要面对困难的好心态，更需要化解困难的大智慧。（句中加点的“不仅”、“更”为什么不能删去？）
______________________________________
4．文章第③段说：“人生处世行路难，行不通时拐个弯。”请结合你的一次经历，谈谈对这句话的理解。
______________________________________
参考答案：
1．引出议论的话题（论点），激发读者阅读兴趣，作文论据论证学会“拐弯”的重要性。（意思对即可。）
2．（1）顺应潮流，主动适应。
（2）审时度势，理智选择。
（3）换一种角度去思考，大胆创新。（意思对即可。）
3．（1）形象传神地揭示了“拐弯”的意义——“拐弯”是形退实进，是消极状态向积极状态的转折。
（2）作者强调的是：就学会“拐弯”而言，“化解困难的大智慧”比“面对困难的好心态”更重要。删去“不仅”和“更”，就没有这样的表达效果了。这两个词体现了议论文语言的严密性。（意思对即可。）
4．这句话是说人生处世经常会碰到困难，需要人们学会“拐弯”，把自己带出困境。（言之有理即可。）
他是个出了名的问题孩子。逃学、捣蛋、捉弄老师、欺负同学，可谓“无恶不作”。同学怕他，讨厌他，避之唯恐不及；老师也对他渐渐失去了耐心，放任自流；他的父母，一个重病缠身，一个苦于生计，想管也管不了。除了偶尔被老师拿着花名册点到名字外，他已经差不多被人遗忘了。
这是个偏僻的山区学校，贫穷是笼罩在很多孩子身上的共同特征，每年，学校都会拟定一份名单报给当地教育局，以方便那些好心的捐助者选择资助对象。
很显然，并非每个孩子都能上这份名单，有幸被选上名单的，都是品学兼优的孩子。学校会在每个名字的后面，附一份该同学学*和表现情况的材料，这是关键的一张纸，很多捐助者就是据此选择他们要帮助的孩 子。因此，能上名单，就意味着不但可能得到一份资助，而且，也是一份“荣誉”，它说明了学校和老师对自己的肯定。
又一批名单报上去了。
一天早晨，还没有上课，他早早地来到了学校。这是他第一次这么早走进学校。在班主任的办公室外徘徊了许久，他下定决心，走了进去。他从书包里，小心翼翼地摸出一张纸片，递到老师面前，“老师，这是我昨天收到的汇款单，是一位上海的叔叔捐给我的学费。谢谢老师！”
老师简直不敢相信自己的耳朵，他也收到了捐助？而老师清楚地记得，报上去的名单里，根本没有他的名字啊！
老师接过汇款单细看，收款人果然写着他的名字。虽然心存疑惑，老师还是决定，把这个好消息告诉全班同学。
当老师在班级上宣布这一消息时，教室里 一下子变得鸦雀无声，所有的眼睛都齐刷刷投向他。疑惑，羡慕，感叹，什么表情都有。而第一次被这么关注，他激动得满脸通红，腰板挺得笔直。他从来就没有坐得这么正过。
这天，他第一次没有在课堂上捣乱，每一堂课，听得都非常认真。
放学了，他才收拾书包，跟在同学们的身后，走出学校。这是他难得一次没有早退，按时放学。
他惊人地变化着，不再迟到，不再早退，不再恶作剧，不再四处捣蛋。
上课时，他安静地坐在自己的位子上，听老师讲课。老师提问时，他第一次举手发言。月考时，他的试卷上，第一次没有出现刺眼的红色……
班主任对他做了一次家访。
他拿出了一沓信。“这都是资助我的叔叔寄来的。”他忽然有点不好意思，“叔叔在信中说，是老师推荐我的，老师在推荐信里说我是努力、上进、优秀的孩子。我没想到老师会这么夸我。”他偷偷瞄了一眼老师，黑黑的脸，泛出红晕。“叔叔还说，他会一直支持我上学，直到我上大学。我不会让老师和叔叔失望的。”他紧紧地咬着嘴唇。
老师一脸迷茫，这份推荐信显然不是他写的。怎么会这样呢？老师也想不明白。但是，不管怎样，有一点可以肯定，他彻底改变了。老师坚定地拍拍他的肩膀。
谜底直到几年后才揭开。他考取了一所重点大学，资助人也赶来庆贺。班主任老师私下里问资助人，当初为什么会选择他这样一个问题学生？
资助人一脸不解，你们的推荐表上写的是优秀学生啊！资助人正好带来了最初的那张推荐表。
班主任一看，上面潦草 地写着许光军，那是另一名学生。而他的名字叫许辉。（14分）
《北京晚报》2010年11月17日
12、文章开篇点出“他是一个出了名的问题孩子”，从全文看这样写的用意何在？（3分）
13、认真阅读本文，梳理出文章的故事情节。（3分）
他是一个问题孩子→ 谜底揭开
14、你怎样理解文章第三段划 线句子中“荣誉”一词的含义及作用？（3分）
15、文章描写了主人公受助后的一系列变化，这样写有何意义？（3分）
16、读了本文后，你认为主人公“命运拐弯”的原因是什么？（2分）
（二）（14分）
12、（3分）采用了欲扬先抑的表现手法，使情节有起伏，使故事发人深省。
13、（3分） 学校上报受助名单→他得到了捐助→受助后他发生了转变
14、（3分）说明学校和老师对一个学生的肯定，突出“荣誉”对后进生的巨大激励作用；揭示出本文主人公转变的原因。
15、（3分）具体说明作品主人公的点滴进步；有了这些进步，最后他考上大学才显得真实可信。
16、（2分）来自师长、社会的鼓励和帮助；自身坚持不懈的努力奋斗。
①我国杰出的语言文字学家、“汉语拼音之父”周有光，今年105岁了，除了耳朵需要戴助听器外，思维敏捷，笔耕不止，每月都有文章发表在国内外的报刊上。央视采访他的长 寿秘诀时，周老说：“凡事要想得开，要有一个好心态。”主持人开玩笑地说：“要是我还是想不开呢？”周老跟着说：“拐个弯，不就想开了嘛！拐个弯，坏事就是好事。”周老的“拐弯”说，是他百岁养生经验的概括和百年人生的智慧，也是对人们的忠告。
②历史像一辆在弯弯曲曲路上行进的车子，每个人都是坐在车上的乘客。车子拐弯了，不随着车子拐弯的人，就有掉下去的危险。***对此说得更形象：“每当历史的车子在转弯时，总会有人从车子上掉下来。”原因就是这些人没有适应车子的转弯而主动转弯。爱因斯坦说：“人的最高本领是能够主动适应客观条件。”适应，用通俗的话说，就是会“拐弯”。由此可见，“拐弯”在人生的字典里是个关键词，由于每个人对这个词理解、掌握和运用的水*不同，就造成了千差万别的人生，演绎出五彩缤纷的世界。所以，人只有主动顺应历史潮流，主动适应客观条件“拐弯”，才能更好地生存和发展。
③俗话说，人生在世行路难，行不通时拐个弯。这个“拐弯”，不是放弃，不是退出，而是在迂回中窥测前进的方向，在困难中发现有利的因素，在审时度势后作出理智的选择。“**”时北大著名教授季羡林被勒令守楼和听电话。一般人会觉得这是无法忍受的屈辱，可季老认为这是难得的好时光，便利用着3年“好时光”，翻译了280万字的印度史诗《罗摩衍那》，为中国翻译史和中印文化交流建起了一座丰碑。
④有人用字母“V”来形容“拐弯”：左边的一半代表向下，右边的一半代表向上；左边是向下的趋势，但到底部终止了，转为向上。这是形退实进，是消极状态向积极状态的转折。做一件事有时也是如此，本来以为走到了失败的境地，换一种角度去思考，你会突然发现其实正好走向另一成功的途径。伊朗建德黑兰皇宫时，设计者原打算把镜子镶嵌在墙面上的。当镜子从国外 运抵工地后却被打破了，他们就大胆创新，将这些碎片镶嵌到墙壁和天花板上。于是，天花板和四壁看上去就像由一颗颗璀璨夺目的“钻石”镶嵌而成，德黑兰皇宫也因此成为世界上最漂亮的马赛克建筑。
⑤可见，人生天地间，学会“拐弯”是极为要紧的事。学会“拐弯”，不仅需要面对困难的好心态，更需要化解困难的大智慧。
（选自《思维与智慧》2011年第9期，有改动）
1、文章第①段在全文中起什么作用？
______________________________________
2、文章第②―④段具体阐述了怎样做才能学会“拐弯”，请逐段简要概括。
______________________________________
3、阅读下面句子，联系上下文，探究括号中的问题。
（1）有人用字母“V”来形容“拐弯”：左边一半代表向下，右边一半代表向上；左边是向下的趋势，但到底部终止了，转为向上。（用字母“V”来形容“拐弯”有什么好处？）
______________________________________
（2）学会“拐弯”，不仅需要面对困难的好心态，更需要化解困难的大智慧。（句中加点的“不仅”、“更”为什么不能删去？）
______________________________________
4、文章第③段说：“人生处世行路难，行不通时拐个弯。”请结合你的一次经历，谈谈对这句话的理解。
______________________________________
参考答案：
1、引出议论的话题（论点），激发读者阅读兴趣，作文论据论证学会“拐弯”的重要性。（意思对即可。）
2、（1）顺应潮流，主动适应。
（2）审时度势，理智选择。
（3）换一种角度去思考，大胆创新。（意思对即可。）
3、（1）形象传神地揭示了“拐弯”的意义――“拐弯”是形退实进，是消极状态向积极状态的转折。
（2）作者强调的是：就学会“拐弯”而言，“化解困难的大智慧”比“面对困难的好心态”更重要。删去“不仅”和“更”，就没有这样的表达效果了。这两个词体现了议论文语言的严密性。（意思对即可。）
4、这句话是说人生处世经常会碰到困难，需要人们学会“拐弯”，把自己带出困境。（言之有理即可。）
拐弯处的回头
一天，弟弟在郊游时脚尖被尖利的石头割破，到医院包扎后，几个同学送他回家。
在家附*的巷口，弟弟碰见了爸爸。于是他一边跷着扎了绷带的脚给爸爸看，一边哭丧着脸诉苦，满以为会收获一点同情与怜爱，不料爸爸并没有安慰他，只是简单交代他几句，便自己走了。
弟弟很伤心，很委屈，也很生气。他觉得爸爸一点也不关心他。在他大发牢骚时，有个同学笑着劝道：别生气了，大部分老爸都这样。其实他很爱你，只是不善于表达罢了。不信你看，等你爸爸走到前面拐弯的地方，他一定会回头看你。弟弟半信半疑，其他同学也很感兴趣。于是他们不约而同停了脚步，站在那儿注视着爸爸远去的背影。
爸爸依然笃定地一步一步向前走去，好像没有什么东西会让他回头可是当他走到拐弯处，就在他侧身左拐的刹那，好像不经意似的悄悄回过头来，很快地瞟了弟弟他们一眼，然后才消失在拐弯后面。
虽然这一切都只发生在一瞬间，但那动作却打动了在场的所有人，弟弟的眼睛里还闪着泪光。当弟弟把这件事告诉我时，我也有一种想要流泪的感觉。很久以来我都在寻找一个能代表父爱的动作，现在终于找到了，那就是--拐弯处的回头。
阅读题：
1.本文记叙的主人公应该是：( )
A.弟弟 B.同学 C.我 D.爸爸
2.能表明弟弟伤得不轻的文字有两处，即：
3.在文中，我对爸爸的感情是通过弟弟的心情变化而逐渐升华的。试找出表现弟弟心情变化的语句填在下面的横线上。
①弟弟碰见爸爸时
②爸爸自己走了后
③爸爸在拐弯处回头时
4.本文写父爱抓住爸爸回头的动作，真切感人。阅读该段文字并回答：
①这一动作发生的时间：
②这一动作发生的地点：
③最能表现爸爸此时神态的词是：
④最能表现爸爸对弟弟关心的动词是：
⑤这一动作体现了爸爸的性格是：
⑥爸爸回头时的心理会是怎样的呢?请揣摩一下写在下面。
5.能代表父爱的动作有很多，请从你身边找出一、二例写在下面。
参考答案：
1.D
2.①几个同学送他 ②扎了绷带
3.①哭丧与怜爱 ②弟弟很伤心生气 ③弟弟的泪光
4.①父亲侧身左拐的刹那 ②巷口拐弯处 ③悄悄 ④瞟 ⑤慈爱而含蓄 ⑥总不会有什么问题吧?
5.略
①杰出的语言文字学家、“汉语拼音之父”周有光，当被人问起他的长寿秘诀时，说:“凡事要想得开，想不开就拐个弯。”
②从每个人成长的轨迹来看，人生天地间，路路九曲弯，从来没有笔直的。有人说，人在前进的路上就是两件事——前进和拐弯。前进需要勇气，拐弯需要智慧。爱因斯坦曾说:“人的最高本领是适应客观条件的能力。”达尔文说得更透彻:“适者生存。”他们所说的“适”，就是适应、顺应，用通俗的话说，就是会“拐弯”。不仅在西方人眼中生命需要拐弯， 中国古人亦有类似的认识。陆游也曾说过:“山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村。”由此可见，拐弯在人生的字典里是个关键词，由于每个人对这个词理解、掌握和运用的水*不同，就出现了愿不愿、会不会、善不善拐弯的多种情形，由此就造成了千差万别的人生，演绎出五彩缤纷的世界。我想如果把拐弯用英文大写的字母来表示，可分出若干种类型。
③一是把拐弯用字母“V”来表示。不仅形象上非常传神，而且真正表达了拐弯的意义:这不是一种简单的拐弯，而是一种迂回型的拐弯，是形退实进。左边的一半，代表向下;右边的一半，代表向上。从左边的趋势来说，本应向下，但到底部终止了，又改为向上。这是一种消极状态向积极状态的转折。许多人和事都是这样由挫折走向成功的。北大著名教授季羡林，“**”时被勒令守楼听电话。这对别人来说可能是无法忍受的屈辱，可季老却在困境中发现了有利因素，利用三年看大门的时间，翻译了280万字的印度史诗《罗
摩衍那》这一宏 篇巨著，为 中国翻译史和中印文化交流建起了一座丰碑。
④二是把拐弯用字母“N”来表示。这种拐弯和“V”有点相似，但又不完全相同，它表示人们按既定的道路和方向前进时，原路走不通了，必须拐穹，但这个弯不是返回原来的起点，而是扔到一个新的落脚点上，从而在新的领城获得断的发展。人在一生中难免会遇到这样那样的控折、不幸。关键在于你是否学会了拐弯。只要你在心里据个弯，就会路随心转、超越自我，开创新天地。红极一时的影星克里斯朵夫李维在一次马术比赛中意外坠落，成了一个高位截瘫者。他一度绝望过，也曾想就此了结生命，但在挫折面前，他最终选择了拐弯，以轮椅代步，当起了导演。他导演的影片还获得了金球奖。他还坚持用牙咬着笔，写出了他人生的第一部书《依然是我》，后来这部书还成为畅销书。
⑤三是把拐弯用字母“W”来表示。这说明人生前进的道路上弯很多，并不是拐一两次弯就能到达人生终点的，而是要经过多次拐弯的锻炼，经历多次挫折的磨练，经受多次失败的考验。一些伟人、名人成长的轨迹，就雄辩地证明了他们正是在不断拐弯中前进，从而获得成功的。伟大的革命先驱孙中山先生，为了推翻清朝的封建统治，推行“三民主义”，虽多次失败，但失志不渝，终于取得了辛亥革命的胜利。两院院士王选一生经历了八次选择，也就是八次拐弯，终于研制成功汉字激光照排系统，引发了我国印刷业“告别铅与火，迈入光与电”的一场技术革命，被誉为“当代毕昇”。
⑥周老的“拐弯”说，是他百岁养生经验的 总结，也是转换思路的小方法，更是指引人生方向的大智慧!
(选自《读者文摘》，有改动)
12. 本文的中心论点是什么?(2分)
答：人生需要学会“拐弯”。
13.第②段画横线的句子运用了什么论证方法?有什么作用?(3分)
答：运用了举例论证（也含有道理论证）。既通过举例——古人的人生智慧，告诉读者人生起伏，需要智慧；也通过“柳暗花明”的古诗，使论证更有说服力。
14.请简要写出 本文的论证思路。(4分)
答：先由“大家”的一句话引出论题，再举古今中外的名人事例和名言，论证人生定有“拐弯”，再通过三个分论点，分别论述人生的弯道各不相同，但都需要磨练和努力才能到达终点。
15.当下一些中学生面对生活中的挫折，一蹶不振，甚至产生轻生的念头。请你结合 本文的观点，对其进行劝说。(3分)
答：示例：哪个人人生也不是一帆风顺的，都会经历各种的困难和挫折，你所经受这点挫折也许只是别人经历困难的点滴，你勇敢地面对它，你多想想别人是怎样努力战胜自己遇到的挫折和困难的，你就有了更多的勇气和力量。
——小学英语阅读短文优选【五】篇
There are forty-two students in our class. There are also two American boys. They are Jack and Mike. They are our good friends. They like watching TV, but they don't like playing basket-ball .They often go to school by bike. And I often go to school on foot. There is one English girl in our class. Her name is Lucy. She likes playing basketball and she also likes swimming. She usually does her homework in the evening. She often watches TV on Saturday afternoons. She is my good friend. All of the Chinese students are Yong Pioneer.
When Adam and Eve wereexpelledfrom Eden, there was an incident when the flames of a blazing sword of an angel, who had sent them away, burned a birds' nest.
The birds were all burned to death, but a new bird was born from one of theruddilyheated eggs. This means that the unique 'Phoenix' was born.
The phoenix builds its nest in Arabia, and there is a myth that it set fire to its own nest once every 100 years. Among those ruddy eggs heated by the fire, a new Phoenix comes to be born again.
The phoenix flies as fast as a ray of light, its feathers are ofdazzlingbeauty, and the sound of its voice is very sweet.
When a mother sits next to her baby's cradle and dandles the baby, the Phoenix comes down to the baby's pillow, and the glaring feathers of Phoenix make a halo around the baby's head. The phoenix flies around rooms of poor people,sprinklessunshine, and carries the fragrance of violets into the rooms.
The phoenix stays not only in Arabia but it flies around the far North Pole, broad field, above the rivers where the sunshine falls in coal mines and in our front yards where beautiful flowers bloom.
On the carriage of the Greek tragic poet, Thespis, the Phoenix became atalkativecrow, for the troubadours of Island it played the harp disguised as a swan, and on the shoulder of Shakespeare the phoenix whispered "eternity" as it was the Odin's crow.
The phoenix sang beautiful songs, and people kissed its shining fallen feathers from its wings. Even though the Phoenix came from glorious Paradise, people may not see the Phoenix because they are busy with seeingsparrows.
The bird of the Paradise! Born once every 100 years, dies in flames! When it was born under the tree of wisdom in the garden of the Paradise, God kissed the Phoenix and gave him a name. That was "Poetry and Art".
Tony is seven years old. He is an honest and polite boy. One day, it was Sunday. Tony, his sister and his mother stayed at home. He was watching TV and his sister was reading books. His mother was washing clothes. Just then, his father came back with a bag
of pears. Tony likes pears very much and he wanted
to eat one. His mother gave him four and said, "Let's share them." "Which pear do you want, Tony?" asked his mother. "The biggest one, mum." "What?" said his mother, "You should be polite and want the smallest one." "Should I tell a lie just to be polite, mum?"
Not long after an old Chinese woman came back to China from her visit to her daughter in the States, she went to a city bank to deposit the US dollars her daughter gave her. At the bank counter, the clerk checked each note carefully to see if the money was real. It made the old lady out of patience. At last she could not hold any more, uttering. "Trust me, Sir, and trust the money. They are real US dollars. They are directly from America."
Today is Susan's birthday. She is nine years old. Her friends are in her home now. There is a birthday party in the evening. Look! Mary is listening to the music. And Tom is drinking orange juice. Jack and Sam are playing cards on the floor. Lily and Amy are watching TV. Someone is knocking at the door. It's Henry. He brings a big teddy bear for Susan. The teddy bear is yellow. Susan is very happy. All the children are happy. They sing a birthday song for Susan.
——英语阅读的教学随笔(五)份
和孩子们在一齐，我既感受到了他们的天真无邪、活泼可爱，同时，对自我的教学也有如下心得：作为教师应学会如何巧妙自然地寓英语学*于生活体验之中，把新理念推向课堂班级层面，从而改变学生的学*和思维方式，释放学生的创造潜能。为此在教学中我进行了一些尝试，也从中感受到了新课改的实效。
一.采用任务型教学模式
"任务型"课堂教学模式是将英语的教学目标整合到一个或多个具体的活动任务当中，使学生在使用英语完成任务的同时，在不知不觉中学会英语，更主要的是培养学生在完成任务的过程中提高运用英语的潜力。在那里，英语只是一种完成任务的工具、一种技能，而不是仅仅作为一门知识来学*。
"任务型"课堂教学模式，强调让学生的注意力主要放在怎样利用英语作为交流的媒体来完成任务，而不只是关心自我所说句子的结构是否正确。这有利于帮忙学生树立自信心，养成良好的学*英语*惯，构成有效的学*策略。学生透过使用正在学*的语言来完成贴*生活的真实任务，能在掌握必须的英语基础知识和基本技能，获得基本英语运用潜力的同时，培养学以致用的意识和初步运用英语进行交际的潜力。
对于一年级的小学英语课堂来讲，"任务型"的课堂教学就是在英语学科的教学目标确定之后，教师需要分析和设计具体任务，完成任务所需要的其他前提知识以及需要采用的教学方法和技巧等，旨在将每一个教学目标拓展为教学活动中可用的具体资料。由于在我的课堂上采用了任务型的教学模式，学生在课堂上都有事可做，并且在做事的过程中体验到了英语的乐趣，英语课也变得丰富多彩，学生从中也体验到了成功的喜悦。
二.创设英语的教学情境
情境教学是有意识的心理活动和无意识的心理活动的统一，在认知方面有启迪学生的可暗示性，从而使学生有意识的和无意识的理解教育输入。即：如临其境，触境生情。如临其境能够使学生感知的过程变得容易，触境生情能够使学生的认知更加牢固。
语言学*是行为*惯的形式，是具有丰富情感的人的一种智力活动，应始终体现以人为本的教育思想。语言潜力的获得不是靠教师教出来的，获得用外语交际的潜力的决定因素是学*者自我，教师不可能把潜力教给学生，是学生自我在教师的引导帮忙下一点一滴的积累起来。
语言的学*最好的方式是在具体的教学情境之中，让学生感知语言，并在感知的过程中自我领会到语言的真谛。尤其对小学低年级的学生而言，教师若能在具体的情境中进行教学，学生自然而然就理解了语言的本质，无需教师过多的解释。
在小学英语教学中，创设情境让学生感知语言，在真实情境中运用语言会收到意想不到到的效果。在课堂中我经常利用多媒体设备来突破教学重点和难点，把文字、声音、图像等融为一体，创设学生主动参与语言交际活动的情境，让学生走入情境、理解情境、表演情境以此突破语言观。学生在真实的情境中更容易进入主角，课堂气氛也异常活跃。
三.运用现代教育技术
现代教育技术在课堂教学中的运用，突破了以往课堂教学空间与时光的局限，具有信息储存量大、变换速度快、反应灵敏、视听效果好等特点，能使声音和形象、视觉和听觉、语言和情景有效结合，对学生思维潜力的发展起到了较好的作用。当代信息技术的发展使得教育技术走进了校园。多媒体教学与计算机辅助教学使传统的"粉笔、黑板"的单调的教学手段，被越来越多地运用到教师的日常课堂教学中。多媒体形象活泼、丰富多彩、大大促进了学生思维潜力的发展，用计算机创设的与现实生活相仿的情景形象逼真、生动搞笑，能吸引学生用心参与教学活动，提高学*兴趣。
在小学英语课堂教学上，教师恰当运用现代教育技术，利用多媒体的优势，能够最大限度地激发学生学*的用心性，帮忙他们提高学*英语的兴趣。在小学英语课堂中运用现代教育技术，创设教学情景，能够优化课堂教学，有效地培养学生初步运用英语进行交际的潜力，激活儿童的思维，促进学生综合潜力的提高。
四.使用合理的评价手段
德国教育家斯多惠说过："教育的艺术不在于传授本领，而在于激励、唤醒、与鼓舞。"这句话充分说明了对学生评价的作用，评价也是一门艺术，好的评价手段不仅仅能够满足学生的成功感，而且能够激励学生产生不断向上的精神。学*评价可采用多种形式：形式性评价与终结性评价相结合，个人评与他人、小组评组合、等级与评语相结合，在教学中要灵活的使用。这样，对学生的评价才是全面的、合理的。
激励是教育最基本的功能，成长在充满激励氛围的孩子，会不断进取。我的评语有：Clever boy/girl。 Very good。 Well done。…被赞扬的同学看到全班同学对他拍手喊出这些评语时，都是神采奕奕。我还采用书后盖印儿、发放小礼物等激励手段。有时，甚至亲切的对学生笑笑，摸摸他们的小脑袋，都是对他们的一种鼓励。学生在课后会互相评比书后的"印绩"多少，一种你追我赶、不甘落后的局面逐渐构成。
随着英语项目工作的开展，阅读教学摆在了非常重要的位置。在这一年多的学*和教学实践中，我对小学英语的阅读教学也有了较多的认识。阅读教学的目的就是在于培养交际性阅读能力——有效地获取书面信息，并对此信息进行分析，推理和评价，以用于我们的工作和学*。
阅读的过程因人而异。不同的学生有着不同的文化水*，不同的生活经历，即使是同一年级的学生也由于学*的方法和阅读*惯、兴趣等存在着差别，使得阅读理解实践出现这样或那样的问题，常见的有以下两种：
1、逐字逐句的阅读。阅读理解的过程是一个心理过程。大脑对信息的接收，通过一些关键性的词语连贯起来进行猜想、概括，迅速形成语段大意。那种逐字逐句理解的阅读方式，不但大大地减缓阅读速度，而且使整体理解变得更加困难。如在"He picks it up 。"中的"pick up"， 可解释为“把…捡起来”意思，而在“She is picking up leaves。” 中的“pick up”应理解为“摘”的意思。如果只孤立在认为"pick up"是“捡起来”的意思，就可能导致对整个句子的理解错误。学生中常有这种体会，把一个词组分拆开来，每个词意思都懂得，但一旦把这些词组组装起来，就不认识了。
2、忽视了培养根据上下文线索猜测词义的能力。有的学生一遇到句子中有生词或陌生词组，便迫不及待地去翻字典，这实际上是一种不动脑子的行为。因为他用手的动作代替了脑的思考。其实，根据上下文中的意思，很容易就能猜到意思。
那么怎样培养和提高学生阅读理解能力?一般说来要经过四个阶段：感知教材→理解教材→巩固知识→运用知识。是一个由浅入深，由简单到复杂的逐步深化的循序渐进的过程。
一、感知教材。这是知识的输入阶段。学生的学*主要是掌握书本知识，为了理解和掌握这种知识，学生必须有感性认识作基础。如果学生的感性认识丰富，表象清晰，想象生动，理解书本就比较容易。
二、理解教材。这同样是输入阶段。理解教材是一个感性认识和理性认识相结合的辩证过程，学生对阅读对象有了感性认识，给理解教材奠定了基础。阅读的种类可分下面三种：
1、粗读。粗读即粗略地阅读全篇。这是为掌握大意梗概或为侦查是否需要进一步阅读所用的方法。
2、跳读。这是一种为寻求特定细节，放弃大部分无关内容，只注意某一点或几点的阅读方式。
3、细读。细读即详细、逐行地阅读，以掌握全部内容甚至分析语言特点等。
通过阅读理解教材，能强化学生处理信息的能力，为巩固和运用知识打下了基础。
三、巩固知识与运用知识。这是输出阶段。学生在理解教材后，为了牢牢记住所学的知识，防止遗忘，需要做多种形式的训练，使知识在记忆中痕迹得到强化，形成牢固的联系，但学生理解掌握了知识并不等于会运用知识，不等于形成运用知识的技能、技巧。要使学生从理解概念，掌握理论到运用知识于实际，形成技能、技巧，单靠动脑来加深对知识的理解和记忆是不够的，还要引导学生动口、动手进行实际的练*或操作才能达到。学生运用知识的能力，是在反复练*中，从最初的不会、不准确、不熟练到比较会、比较准确，通过归纳和总结，逐步地发展和完善起来。
七年级的阅读形式比较的多，有划圈、划线、连线、填词、填空、填表、列表及回答问题等。但是七年级的阅读教学却是很有难度的，因为来自农村小学的学生比较的多，对于小学没有学过英语的学生来说，英语单词的学*都是一个很大的困难，更何况是英语文章。这种情况在我的班上非常的严重。如果不能解决这一难题，那在英语的教学上将会非常的困难。针对这种情况，我向许多的教师请教，他们都给我了许多的建议。我也在网上查询了许多的资料。希望通过各种手段去解决这一难题，各位老师和网上的专家都有许多很好的办法，大致如下：
第一，明确阅读教学目标，同语法教学一样，我们英语老师首先对阅读教学目标要有一个清晰的认识。英语课程标准对阅读技能目标简单地可以理解为：理解文意、培养阅读技巧，养成学*策略、树立文化意识。具体的描述是： 朗读各种文体、英文诗词、报刊杂志、原著及各种商品说明书等非专业技术性资料并理解大意，找出或获取中心意思、作者意图、观点和态度的相关信息。根据情景、上下文、构词法、句子结构来猜测生词或词组的意思，分析句子结构、理解句子，理顺事件发生顺序，人物行为，预测事件情节发展和可能的结局。用参考资料、工具书、网络等不同资源、渠道，推理、提取筛选、重组加工信息，解决各种问题。进而培养良好的阅读*惯、阅读策略，形成阅读兴趣，最终提高阅读能力。
第二，转变阅读教学方法。根据学生的年龄特征和教材内容，采取多种多样的教学形式，提高学生学*阅读的兴趣，全面提高其阅读能力。
第三，培养良好阅读*惯，要帮助学生养成默读*惯，使注意力集中在文字符号上;要帮助学生学会善于抓住句子中的核心词，克服指读、回视、重读等不良*惯;遇到不认识的单词或在句中出现的用法与意义完全不同于自己所学过的用法与意义时，尽量通过上下文来理解和猜测。同时要求学生养成多读书的*惯。
第四，要求学生多读课外书，全面提高学生自己的阅读量和词汇量。形成良好的阅读*惯。通过学*了老师和专家的意见，我在教学中也采取了以上的一些方法，相比之下要比以前的效果好的多。当然问题还是存在，急需进一步去寻找方法解决。
随着课程改革逐步向纵深发展，小学的英语课堂发生了很大的变化。英语阅读能力的培养变得愈加重要。新课标规定：小学毕业时要达到二级水*，也就是能看懂英文动画片和程度相当的英语教学节目，每学年不少于10小时，*均每周不少于20～25分钟;掌握600～700个单词和50个左右的*惯用语。如何实施小学阅读教学，提高学生的英语阅读能力呢?本人自参加课题组的研究以来，遇到不少问题，也从中得到一些经验。
(一) 教学中遇到的问题
1、学生方面的问题
1) 对英语阅读始终存在着畏难心理
自本学期以来，本人加大了了对学生的阅读训练。在教授课文的同时，加入了与此相关的阅读材料。虽说经过一段时间后，学生开始*惯这样的输入(相对课文来说，阅读材料的内容要复杂困难)，但是对于占多数的中等，中等偏下生来说，阅读始终不是一件易事。一遇到不熟悉的单词句子，就会影响他们对整篇文章的理解。即使有文章下的注释或老师的点拨，他们都觉得难以下咽。
2) 阅读*惯需要改善
阅读时精神无法集中，喜欢东一句，西一句地看;指读，回视，重读，小声朗读;一遇生词就要停下来……等等不良的阅读*惯在学生中十分普遍。这使得他们很容易把注意力放在某个单词或句子上，获得的信息变得支离破碎，阅读速度变得很慢。如此一来，他们的阅读效果也很不理想。
3) 综合运用能力亟待提高
《拓展读与写》中有不少题目要求学生仿照例句写句。这种题目学生最怕看到，一脱离了选项，他们就变得无所适从。英语在不少学生当中还是停留在简单的认读填词上，综合运用能力明显不足。
4) 课外阅读时间不足
跟提高语文能力就需多读多练一样，仅靠课堂上的时间阅读，效果又是十分有限的。英语能力的提高也离不开大量的课外阅读。现在有大量的书籍和网站提供这样的资料，但是学生能主动地寻找并阅读的人实在少之又少。
2、教师自身的问题
1) 如何设计一堂阅读课?
阅读课跟普通的课文授课不同，它是在课文的基础上进行补充拓展。不能把它上成精读课的样子。可是学生在词汇，句子的理解上又需要老师大量的指导才能完成一篇文章的阅读，更不要提那些*题，活动的辅导了。如何上一堂高效的阅读课成为教师的难题。
2) 如何指导学生阅读?
当老师费了一番功夫让学生理解了一篇文章后，学生学得的往往只是这篇文章的内容。如何阅读下一篇文章，如何提高阅读效率，如何学会从文章中*得词汇句型并加以运用，这些阅读能力还是没能够得到训练。学生学来学去都是一篇篇文章而已。能力的提高很有限。
3)如何开发学生课后的阅读资源?
阅读仅在老师在场的情况下才得以进行，学生课后的阅读难以进行。教师如何让学生在课后也主动地去阅读呢?订购相关报纸书籍?缺乏指导下，学生很容易对其中的难点产生畏惧心理或者只留意自己喜欢的，易懂的内容。通过网络资源?没有适当的引导，学生上网后的行为难以预计。
综上所述，阅读教学不仅是小学英语教学的薄弱点，而且也是小学英语教学的一个难点。小学英语阅读教学成为难点的原因主要来自于两个方面。
第一个方面主要来自己于教师本身。由于我们在以往的小学英语教学中忽视阅读教学，所以就造成了小学英语阅读教学理论和实践的双重不足。使得我们在面对阅读课型的教学时有一种手足无措的感觉。同时在面对学生课外阅读辅导时，我们也有许多迷惘。
第二个方面来自于学生阅读能力的缺失。由于我们在*时的教学中只重听说不重阅读，在词汇和对话教学中缺少对阅读内容的提前渗透，同时我们又不注重学生课外阅读的辅导，所以给阅读课型的教学中造成了很大的困难：1。学生对已学的'语言不能快速地认读。2。学生对新学的语言不能有效地构建。3。学生缺少对文本信息的收集能力。4。学生在收集和处理文本信息中缺乏相应的技巧和方法。
(二) 教学中的经验
1、采用恰当的导入方式，激发学生的阅读兴趣。
良好的开端是成功的一半。导入的成功与否直接影响着阅读教学的效果。教师在教学过程中可以根据不同阅读材料，开展恰当的导入，激发学生的阅读兴趣。如在阅读《拓展读与写》中，教师结合第一个单元中有关将来时的知识，让学生向教师提问教师国庆节将要进行的行程，通过简笔画的形式导出第二单元的其中一篇短文《Sanya》。这样既复*了旧的知识，也通过图画这一个比较直观的方式导入，降低了学生学*的难度。
2、设计多样的阅读形式，保持学生的阅读兴趣。
小学生有意注意保持时间较短，对事物的兴趣持续的时间也较短。在饶有趣味的导入后，如果没有灵活多样的阅读形式的设计，学生的阅读兴趣将只是昙花一现，得不到保持。所以设计灵活多样的阅读形式是上好一堂阅读课的“重要武器”。教学中我尝试了一些方法：
1) 小组朗读法
分小组(两人或四人)解决某些段落的理解，然后以小组汇报朗读的方式解决该段的理解问题。并鼓励他们找出该段的难点。每个小组负责的段落篇幅较短，而且又是合作完成，对于中下生来说，难度减低了，也能够较易地参与其中。
2) 先解难后整体感知
先让学生自己阅读文章，把不懂的词句划出来。在通过全班同学中找“小老师”或老师点拨的手段解决问题。接着，教师根据课文内容提出相关问题，学生带着问题进行再次的阅读，根据课文回答问题，做些巩固性练*，最后听录音、跟读，进行*题训练小组活动等。过程中没有什么特别招数，但是对于一些生字词较多，趣味性不太强的短文来说，起码让多数学生理解该篇文章的内容了。
3) 故事与图画结合
对于一些故事性较强的但新词又较多的文章，例如《Ciderella》，可以利用故事与图画结合的方法。如布置他们回家就其中的一个情节画简图并配上适当的英语文字。画画是很多小学生爱做的事情，要求他们为图配字又可以促使他们去理解文章的内容。
4) 仿写练*
写作是一项对英语运用要求较高的作业，很多学生都视作难事。对此，教师可以鼓励学生多多“抄袭”例文。例如写有关“city”的文章。教师可以鼓励学生学*《拓展读与写》里的《Shanghai》，《Paris》，《New York》等文章，写有关guangzhou的内容。很多学生模仿范文的句子，写出超出*时容量的文章，虽说不少句子是“抄”来的，但起码让他们觉得写文章不是“畏途”，建立了一点写作的自信。
3、培养良好的阅读*惯
学生的不良阅读*惯难以短时间解决，只能通过长时间的提醒及训练加以改善。例如每次的阅读，教师要求学生划出重点句子单词，以加强他们对文段的注意力。再有是要求学生根据*题在文中划出相关的内容并编写序号，强化他们对信息的收集能力。还有培养默读的能力，要求学生的注意力都集中在文字本身。
4、未来展望
虽然阅读教学的道路崎岖难行，但是事实又是那么确切的表明，唯有拓展学生的阅读面，加大输入量才能提高他们的英语水*。首先是继续深化课堂改革，探求有效的教学手段及模式，让阅读训练渗入每堂课的教学中。接着是收集更多有用的阅读资料，并在学校班级中建立良好的阅读*台，为学生营造积极的英语阅读气氛。再有是探索一套阅读评价制度，让阅读训练更为规范化，系统化。
小学英语阅读能力的培养是我们一线教师教学的重点之一，只要我们教师明确具体阅读教学目标要求，持之以恒，注意培养小学英语阅读的兴趣和*惯，采用恰当的阅读教学策略和阅读模式，将听说读写活动恰当融入阅读教学中，小学生的英语阅读潜能将会得到充分的挖掘，综合语言运用能力也将大大提高。
随着课程改革逐步向纵深发展，小学的英语课堂发生了很大的变化。英语阅读能力的培养变得愈加重要。新课标规定：小学毕业时要达到二级水*，也就是能看懂英文动画片和程度相当的英语教学节目，每学年不少于10小时，*均每周不少于20～25分钟;掌握600～700个单词和50个左右的*惯用语。如何实施小学阅读教学，提高学生的英语阅读能力呢?本人自参加课题组的研究以来，遇到不少问题，也从中得到一些经验。
(一) 教学中遇到的问题
1、学生方面的问题
1) 对英语阅读始终存在着畏难心理
自本学期以来，本人加大了了对学生的阅读训练。在教授课文的同时，加入了与此相关的阅读材料。虽说经过一段时间后，学生开始*惯这样的输入(相对课文来说，阅读材料的内容要复杂困难)，但是对于占多数的中等，中等偏下生来说，阅读始终不是一件易事。一遇到不熟悉的单词句子，就会影响他们对整篇文章的理解。即使有文章下的注释或老师的点拨，他们都觉得难以下咽。
2) 阅读*惯需要改善
阅读时精神无法集中，喜欢东一句，西一句地看;指读，回视，重读，小声朗读;一遇生词就要停下来……等等不良的阅读*惯在学生中十分普遍。这使得他们很容易把注意力放在某个单词或句子上，获得的信息变得支离破碎，阅读速度变得很慢。如此一来，他们的阅读效果也很不理想。
3) 综合运用能力亟待提高
《拓展读与写》中有不少题目要求学生仿照例句写句。这种题目学生最怕看到，一脱离了选项，他们就变得无所适从。英语在不少学生当中还是停留在简单的认读填词上，综合运用能力明显不足。
4) 课外阅读时间不足
跟提高语文能力就需多读多练一样，仅靠课堂上的时间阅读，效果又是十分有限的。英语能力的提高也离不开大量的课外阅读。现在有大量的书籍和网站提供这样的资料，但是学生能主动地寻找并阅读的人实在少之又少。
2、教师自身的问题
1) 如何设计一堂阅读课?
阅读课跟普通的课文授课不同，它是在课文的基础上进行补充拓展。不能把它上成精读课的样子。可是学生在词汇，句子的理解上又需要老师大量的指导才能完成一篇文章的阅读，更不要提那些*题，活动的辅导了。如何上一堂高效的阅读课成为教师的难题。
2) 如何指导学生阅读?
当老师费了一番功夫让学生理解了一篇文章后，学生学得的往往只是这篇文章的内容。如何阅读下一篇文章，如何提高阅读效率，如何学会从文章中*得词汇句型并加以运用，这些阅读能力还是没能够得到训练。学生学来学去都是一篇篇文章而已。能力的提高很有限。
3)如何开发学生课后的阅读资源?
阅读仅在老师在场的情况下才得以进行，学生课后的阅读难以进行。教师如何让学生在课后也主动地去阅读呢?订购相关报纸书籍?缺乏指导下，学生很容易对其中的难点产生畏惧心理或者只留意自己喜欢的，易懂的内容。通过网络资源?没有适当的引导，学生上网后的行为难以预计。
综上所述，阅读教学不仅是小学英语教学的薄弱点，而且也是小学英语教学的一个难点。小学英语阅读教学成为难点的原因主要来自于两个方面。
第一个方面主要来自己于教师本身。由于我们在以往的小学英语教学中忽视阅读教学，所以就造成了小学英语阅读教学理论和实践的双重不足。使得我们在面对阅读课型的教学时有一种手足无措的感觉。同时在面对学生课外阅读辅导时，我们也有许多迷惘。
第二个方面来自于学生阅读能力的缺失。由于我们在*时的教学中只重听说不重阅读，在词汇和对话教学中缺少对阅读内容的提前渗透，同时我们又不注重学生课外阅读的辅导，所以给阅读课型的教学中造成了很大的困难：1。学生对已学的语言不能快速地认读。2。学生对新学的语言不能有效地构建。3。学生缺少对文本信息的收集能力。4。学生在收集和处理文本信息中缺乏相应的技巧和方法。
(二) 教学中的经验
1、采用恰当的导入方式，激发学生的阅读兴趣。
良好的开端是成功的一半。导入的成功与否直接影响着阅读教学的效果。教师在教学过程中可以根据不同阅读材料，开展恰当的导入，激发学生的阅读兴趣。如在阅读《拓展读与写》中，教师结合第一个单元中有关将来时的知识，让学生向教师提问教师国庆节将要进行的行程，通过简笔画的形式导出第二单元的其中一篇短文《Sanya》。这样既复*了旧的知识，也通过图画这一个比较直观的方式导入，降低了学生学*的难度。
2、设计多样的阅读形式，保持学生的阅读兴趣。
小学生有意注意保持时间较短，对事物的兴趣持续的时间也较短。在饶有趣味的导入后，如果没有灵活多样的阅读形式的设计，学生的阅读兴趣将只是昙花一现，得不到保持。所以设计灵活多样的阅读形式是上好一堂阅读课的“重要武器”。教学中我尝试了一些方法：
1) 小组朗读法
分小组(两人或四人)解决某些段落的理解，然后以小组汇报朗读的方式解决该段的理解问题。并鼓励他们找出该段的难点。每个小组负责的段落篇幅较短，而且又是合作完成，对于中下生来说，难度减低了，也能够较易地参与其中。
2) 先解难后整体感知
先让学生自己阅读文章，把不懂的词句划出来。在通过全班同学中找“小老师”或老师点拨的手段解决问题。接着，教师根据课文内容提出相关问题，学生带着问题进行再次的阅读，根据课文回答问题，做些巩固性练*，最后听录音、跟读，进行*题训练小组活动等。过程中没有什么特别招数，但是对于一些生字词较多，趣味性不太强的短文来说，起码让多数学生理解该篇文章的内容了。
3) 故事与图画结合
对于一些故事性较强的但新词又较多的文章，例如《Ciderella》，可以利用故事与图画结合的方法。如布置他们回家就其中的一个情节画简图并配上适当的英语文字。画画是很多小学生爱做的事情，要求他们为图配字又可以促使他们去理解文章的内容。
4) 仿写练*
写作是一项对英语运用要求较高的作业，很多学生都视作难事。对此，教师可以鼓励学生多多“抄袭”例文。例如写有关“city”的文章。教师可以鼓励学生学*《拓展读与写》里的《Shanghai》，《Paris》，《New York》等文章，写有关guangzhou的内容。很多学生模仿范文的句子，写出超出*时容量的文章，虽说不少句子是“抄”来的，但起码让他们觉得写文章不是“畏途”，建立了一点写作的自信。
3、培养良好的阅读*惯
学生的不良阅读*惯难以短时间解决，只能通过长时间的提醒及训练加以改善。例如每次的阅读，教师要求学生划出重点句子单词，以加强他们对文段的注意力。再有是要求学生根据*题在文中划出相关的内容并编写序号，强化他们对信息的收集能力。还有培养默读的能力，要求学生的注意力都集中在文字本身。
4、未来展望
虽然阅读教学的道路崎岖难行，但是事实又是那么确切的表明，唯有拓展学生的阅读面，加大输入量才能提高他们的英语水*。首先是继续深化课堂改革，探求有效的教学手段及模式，让阅读训练渗入每堂课的教学中。接着是收集更多有用的阅读资料，并在学校班级中建立良好的阅读*台，为学生营造积极的英语阅读气氛。再有是探索一套阅读评价制度，让阅读训练更为规范化，系统化。
小学英语阅读能力的培养是我们一线教师教学的重点之一，只要我们教师明确具体阅读教学目标要求，持之以恒，注意培养小学英语阅读的兴趣和*惯，采用恰当的阅读教学策略和阅读模式，将听说读写活动恰当融入阅读教学中，小学生的英语阅读潜能将会得到充分的挖掘，综合语言运用能力也将大大提高。
