There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can ap*** on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.
The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.
Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.
1.Our long-term goals mean a lot______. A.if we complete our short-range goals B.if we cannot reach solid short-term goals C.if we write down the dates D.if we put forward some plans
2.New short-term goals are bulid upon______. A.two years B.long-term goals
C.current activities D.the goals that have been completed 3.When we complete each step of our goals ,______. A.we will win final success B.we are overwhelmed
C.we should build up confidence of success D.we should strong desire for setting new goals 4.Once our goals are drawn up,_______.
A.we should stick to them until we complete them
B.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunities
C.we had better wait for the exciting news of success D.we have made great decision
5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ______. A.those who habe long-term goals will succeed B.writing down the dates may discourage you
C.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desination D.every should have a goal
答案：adcbc
A well-known old man was being interviewed (采访) and was asked if it was correct that he had just celebrated his ninety—ninth birthday.
“That’s right.”said the old man. “Ninety—nine years old, and I haven’t an enemy in the world. They’re all dead.”
“Well, sir,”said the interviewer, “I hope very much to have the honour of interviewing you on your hundredth birthday.”
The old man looked at the young man closely, and said, “I can’t see why you shouldn’t. You look fit and healthy to me!”
1. The old man said he had not an enemy in the world, which shows that he was a very .
A. friendly man he never made any enemies
B. healthy man he lived longer than all his enemies
C. lucky man his enemies had all died
D. terrible man he had got rid of all his enemies
2. When the interviewer said that he hoped very much to have the honour of interviewing the old man again the following year, .
A. he was trying to make the old man happy
B. he wished he himself would live another year
C. he did not believe the old man would live to be one hundred
D. he did not believe he would interview the old man again
3. When the old man said “I can’t see why you shouldn’t”, what he meant was：
A. “You must try to live another year to interview me again next year.”
B. “Of course, you can see me again since you’re so fit and healthy.”
C. “If I live to a hundred years, you should interview me again.”
D. “Unless you live another year, you wouldn’t be able to interview me again.”
4. What kind of man would you say the old man was?
A. He was silly. B. He was unpleasant.
C. He was very proud and sure of his health. D. He was very impolite to young people.
参考答案：
1B 2 D 3 A 4 B 5 D 6 A 7 C
1C 2 A 3 D 4 C
1B 2 A 3 B 4 C
On Thursday afternoon Mrs. Carke, dressed for going out, took her handbag with her money and her key in it, pulled the door behind her to lock it and went to the over 60s Club. She always went there on Thursdays. It was a nice outing for an old woman who lived alone.
At six o'clock she cane home, let herself in and at once smelt cigarette smoke. Cigarette smoke in her house? How? How? Had someone got in? She checked the back door and the windows. All were locked or fastened, as usual. There was no sign of forced entry.
Over a cup of tea she wondered whether someone might have a key that fitted her front door-"a master key"perhaps. So she stayed at home the following Thursday. Nothing happened. Was anyone watching her movements? On the Thursday after that she went out at her usual time,dressed as usual, but she didn't go to the club. Instead she took a short cut home again, letting herself in through her garden and the back door. She settled down to wait.
It was just after four o'clock when the front door bell rang.Mrs. Clarke was making a cup of tea at the time. The bell rang again, and then she heard her letter-box being pushed open. With the kettle of boiling water in her hand, she moved quietly towards the front door. A long piece of wire appeared through the letter-box, and then a hand. The wire turned and caught around the knob on the door-lock. Mrs. Clarke raised the kettle and poured the water over the hand. There was a shout outside, and the skin seemed to drop off the fingers like a glove. The wire fell to the floor, the hand was pulled back, and Mrs. Clarke heard the sound of running feet.
1.Mrs. Clarke looded forward to Thursday because_______. a.she worked at a club on the day b.she said visitors on Thursdays c.she visited a club on Thursday d.a special visitor came on Thursday
2.If someone had made a forced entery,_______.
a.Mrs.Clarke would have found a broken door or window b.he or she was still in the house c.things would have been thown about d.he or she would have needed a master key 3.On the third Thursday Mrs. Clarke went out_______. a.because she didn't want to miss the club again b.to see if the thief was hnging about outside c.to the club but then changed her mind d.in an attempt to trick the thief
4.The lock on the front door was one which_______. a.needed a piece of wire to open it
b.could he opened from inside without a key c.could't be opened without a key d.used a knob instead of a key 5.The wire feel to the floor_______.
a.because Mrs.Clarke refused to open the door b.when the man's glove dropped off c.because it was too hot to hold
d.because the man justwanted to get away 17/200答案：cadbd
In the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual. Some of them decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called "communes," where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing." A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called "Drop City." Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.
Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing," however . Twin Oaks , a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B.F.Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an "archology" Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.
1.Why did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during the 1960s?
a.They were not satisfied with American society. b.They wanted to grow marijuana. c.They wanted to go to the Vietnam War. d.They did not want all people to be equal.
2.Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live? a.In dome-shaped house
b.In old school huses
c.On a farm inTennessee
d.In an archology in Arizona
3.Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house?
a.Paolo Soleri
b.B.G.Skinner
c.Steve Gaskin
d.Buckminster Fuller
4.What was the Twin Oaks commune base on ? a.The philosophy of "do your own thing" b.Virginaia in the late 1960s c.The ideas of psychologist
d.The belief that people must live closely togerher.
5.What is an "archology"?
a.A person who studies archaeology
b.A large building where people live closely together c.A city in A rizona
d.A technique to contorl people 答案：abdcb
Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women full professors. In 1985,Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System adminitration for not encouraging women.The University was rated among the lowest for the system.In a 1987 ,Milburn commended the progress that was made and called for even more improvement.
One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs.
College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon,said it is important that woman be flexible when it comesto relocating if they want to rise in the ranks.
Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus , many times in order for her to succeed , she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.
Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and all academia,inequities will exist.
"Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University." Spirduso said. "If they do that will be successful in this system.If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time."
1.According to Spirduso,women need to ____. a.produce a report on sexual discrimination
b.call for further improvement in their working conditions c.spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discrimination
d.spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities
2.From this passage ,we know that _____. a.there are many women full professors in the University of Texas
b.women play an important part in adminitrating the University
c.the weather on the campus is chilly
d.women make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University
3.Which of the following statements is true?
a.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 1985
b.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 1985
c.the number of women professors was the same as that of 1985
d.more and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the University
4.One of the positive results from Milburn's study was that _____.
a.women were told to con centrate on teir work b.women were given information about available administrative jobs
c.women were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversity
d.women were encouraged to do more scholarly activities
5. The title for this passage should be _______. a.The University of Texas b.Milburn's Report
c.Women Professors
d.Sexual Discrimination in Academia 答案：ddabd
——高考英语阅读理解优选【10】份
1.观念转变和方法转变(close reading 细读)
高考考察细读、辨别能力。
2.阅读的重要性
3.高考文章类型的分析(来源、内容、体裁)
①来源：一二年级课本、西方报刊杂志
②从内容角度把44篇文章分类：社会科学为主，自然科学为辅，新的趋势是人文科学的文章。
文章的分类：(共44篇)
(1)社会科学 (Social Science)有30篇
包括：政治学、经济学、社会学、传播学、教育学、心理学、历史学、人类学、文化学等
分析：政治学，从89-03没有出过题，因为西方和东方的意识形态存在差异性，避开敏感话题，没有出过;
经济学，每年至少一篇;教育学，隔年出一次;传播学，隔年出一次。
总结：泛读的重点――经济学、教育学、传播学、心理学。
(2)自然科学(Natural Science)有10篇
10篇中，纯而有纯的自然科学很少，只有约4篇。命题集中在科学史方面。
出题的原则：一般性原则，公正性原则。
总结：泛读自然科学的'文章，少读纯自然科学的文章，多读简介科学史的文章。
(3)人文科学，包括：文学、历史、哲学(还剩4篇)
分析：88--99年，11年中从未出过题。
文学评论―未来主义诗歌;
散文―雄心壮志;
散文―我这个人的一段心路历程;
讲幽默，题目有迷惑性。
总结：人文科学出题有抬头趋势。
③从体裁角度把44篇文章分类：议论文、说明文、记叙文、应用文。
多读：议论文、说明文。 (从来没有出现过记叙文，应用文只出过1篇)
④从语言上，以美国英语为主。
突显美国英语与美国文化，应该多了解一些美国的基本概况。最好有一幅美国地图。
4.新大纲中对于阅读理解的总体要求
①阅读速度：(02年开始为4篇x 5题)每篇文章略有增加，但增加不大。要求文章读得更细了，用close reading(细读)的方式击破高考阅读。比较适合的阅读速度为：45-50/分
②八点阅读要求：
(1)能够抓住文章中的主旨大意
(2)理解文章中的具体信息，
(3)理解概念性的含义(concept)，
(4)进行有关的判断、推理和引申的能力(解体思路应尽量适应命题专家)
(5)根据上下文推测生词含义，
(6)理解文章的谋篇结构及段与段、句与句的逻辑关系，
(7)理解作者的意图、观点、态度，
(8)区分论点和论据
③新大纲提出的三点要求：
(1)词语的概念性含义
(2)理解文章的谋篇结构
(3)区分论点和论据
5.新大纲的特点(3个)：
①放慢作题速度(close reading仔细阅读)，阅读速度要求我们读得更细更慢了;
②词的变化(passage变成了text)，重视文章总体结构的把握，这要求从结构的角度来读文章;
③命题范围没有任何变化。
④强调时效性。高考阅读“赶时髦”，与当今形势联系较紧，多看一些时文(经济方面)。
在英语学*中，阅读占有很重要的地位。阅读理解也是高考的必考题型。但是在日常的学*中，有不少同学还没有养成良好的阅读*惯，大大影响了阅读的效率。要想提高阅读水*，首先要养成良好的阅读*惯。
养成默读的*惯
许多同学在阅读的时候都有读出声的*惯。出声阅读的主要弊病就是使自己的阅读速度和效率受到说话速度的限制。因为，正常默读速度几乎要比出声朗读的速度快两倍以上。另外，出声阅读往往以不同的形式表现出来，有时仅仅是无声地动一动嘴唇，有时甚至连嘴唇也不动，只是舌、喉在活动。嘴唇的活动无疑会影响眼睛扫视文章的速度。一个有效率的读者能够只看到印刷符号就直接获得意思，而不经过声音阶段。因此，为了克服这种不良的阅读*惯，就要训练自己养成通过眼睛直接感知文字符号的视读能力。
克服心读的*惯
心读是一种很难观察到的阅读*惯。心读时，人体的任何部位，不论嘴、头或声带都没有动，只存在一种说话的内在形式：阅读者在内心里始终自言自语，清晰地发出并听着每个字音。这种毛病亦是一种很坏的阅读*惯，它直接影响到阅读的速度和效率，并且矫正起来还比较困难。采用强制自己在深入理解文章内容的同时，又强制自己加快阅读速度的方法，一般能逐渐克服这种坏*惯。
克服指读的*惯
指读是指用手指、铅笔或尺子等指着文章的一个个词进行阅读。指读是单纯机械运动，不仅会减慢阅读速度，而且还会把注意力引向错误的方向。一个高效率的阅读者不会注意单词的位置，也不会在每个单词上*均花费时间，而是把注意力集中在作者要阐明的思想内容上。有指读*惯的同学实际上妨碍了眼睛运动并限制了大脑的快速活动能力。因此，必须克服这种不良的阅读*惯，逐渐养成用脑瞬间反映文字信息的能力。
克服复视的*惯
复视指的是读完一个句子或段落后回过头去重复阅读。阅读能力差的同学往往有复视的*惯。改变这种不良*惯的办法是让自己阅读大量难度适宜的读物。在先了解阅读要求的情况下，用眼睛快速扫描答案。这样就不会因遇到生词或不太懂的短语、句子或段落而回过头来再看，以致养成复视的*惯。
克服阅读时头摆动的*惯
有的时候，我们在阅读时头部会下意识地左右摆动，这也是阅读的一种坏*惯。在阅读过程中，有些同学往往尽量使自己的鼻尖对准正在读的每一个字。这样，当他顺着一行字往下读时，他就会轻微地摆动头部，而当他通过头的摆动来阅读下一行时，他就会很快转回去以便使鼻尖再对准阅读文章的左边。这种头部摆动的过程，自己往往意识不到，而正是这种不必要的动作对阅读的速度产生了不良的影响。因此，必须克服这种毛病，养成阅读时只移动视线不摆动头的*惯。
还有其他一些不良的阅读*惯，如阅读时注意力不集中，思想开小差；有的用手或笔比划着，逐行地向下移；有的一面阅读一面玩弄着笔、尺子、钥匙等物，不时地发出响声；有的爱抖动双腿；有的过多地进行语法分析；等等。这些不良*惯直接影响到我们的思路，降低阅读速度，因此应及时纠正。
1.切忌忽视文章的类别。在开始阅读之前，要判断阅读文章的类别，这样才能做到心中有数。
2.切忌边看问题边查找答案。因为用这种方法难以提高阅读理解的效果，尤其是对于深层理解的文章。应首先浏览全文，了解全文的概貌。看完后，应记住文章的'要点，重要的结论以及一些关键性的人名、地点、定义和数字(不同的人名、地点可用铅笔在试卷上分别打上不同的记号，以便查找)等。
3.切忌乱用解题技巧。不同类型的题目，如事实细节题、词语猜义题、主旨大意题、推理判断题等，都有各自的解题技巧，不能乱用。
4.切忌打乱解题节奏。在考试时一定要掌握好解题速度，有效地控制考试时间，先易后难是考试时答题的一般方法。碰到难题时，千万不要钻牛角尖，耽误太多时问。一时做不出的题，要果断舍弃，以免影响解别的较有把握的题。待全部题解完后，如有剩余时间再回头做放弃的题。
5.切忌每词都不放过。对于一般不影响句子或全文理解的生词，可以放过去，不必务求理解。遇到重要生词时，不要着急，也不要轻易放弃，可以采取根据上下文来猜词或根据构词法猜词等方法来猜出这个词的大致意思。
6.切忌凭空猜测推断。应是立足已知推断未知。
7.切忌主观臆断。不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法。
O. Henry was a pen name used by an American writer of short stories. His real name was William Sydney Porter. He was born in North Carolina in 1862. As a young boy he lived an exciting life. He did not go to school for very long, but he managed to teach himself everything he needed to know. When he was about 20 years old, O. Henry went to Texas, where he tried different jobs. He first worked on a newspaper, and then had a job in a bank, when some money went missing from the bank O. Henry was believed to have stolen it. Because of that, he was sent to prison. During the three years in prison, he learned to write short stories. After he got out of prison, he went to New York and continued writing. He wrote mostly about New York and the life of the poor there. People liked his stories, because simple as the tales were, they would finish with a sudden change at the end, to the reader’s surprise.
1. In which order did O. Henry do the following things?
a. Lived in New York. b. Worked in a bank. c. Travelled to Texas.
d. Was put in prison. e. Had a newspaper Job. f. Learned to write stories.
A. e. c. f. b. d. a B. c. e. b. d. f. a C. e. b. d. c. a. f. D. c. b. e. d. a f.
2. People enjoyed reading O. Henry’s stories because
A. they had surprise endings B. they were easy to understand
C. they showed his love for the poor D. they were about New York City
3. O. Henry went to prison because .
A. people thought he had stolen money from the newspaper
B. he broke the law by not using his own name
C. he wanted to write stories about prisoners
D. people thought he had taken money that was not his
4. What do we know about O. Henry before he began writing?
A. He was well-educated. B. He was not serious about his work.
C. He was devoted to the poor. D. He was very good at learning.
5. Where did O. Henry get most material for his short stories?
A. His life inside the prison. B. The newspaper articles he wrote.
C. The city and people of New York. D. His exciting early life as a boy.
2、(1分)
One day a few years ago a very funny thing happened to a neighbour of mine. He is a teacher at one of London’s big medical schools, He had finished his teaching for the summer term and was at the airport on his way to Russia to give a lecture.
He had put a few clothes and his lecture notes in his shoulder bag, but he had put Rupert, the skeleton (人体骨骼) to be used in his lecture, in a large brown suitcase (箱子). At the airport desk, he suddenly thought that he had forgotten to buy a newspaper. He left his suitcase near the desk and went over to the shop.
When he got back he discovered that someone had taken his suitcase by mistake. He often wonders what they said when they got home and found Rupert.
1. Who wrote the story?
A. Rupert’s teacher. B. The neighbour’s teacher.
C. A medical school teacher. D. The teacher’s neighbour.
2. Why did the teacher put a skeleton in his suitcase?
A. He needed it for the summer term in London.
B. He needed it for the lecture he was going to give.
C. He wanted to take it to Russia for medical research.
D. He wanted to take it home as he had finished his teaching.
3. What happened at the airport?
A. The skeleton went missing . B. The skeleton was stolen .
C. The teacher forgot his suitcase. D. The teacher took the wrong suitcase .
4. Which of the following best tells the teacher’s feeling about the incident?
A. He is very angry . B. He thinks it rather funny .
C. He feels helpless without Rupert. D. He feels good without Rupert .
5. Which of the following might have happened afterwards?
A. The teacher got back the suitcase but not Rupert.
B. The teacher got back neither the suitcase nor Rupert.
C. The teacher got back Rupert but not the suitcase.
D. The teacher got back both the suitcase and Rupert.
3、(1分)
On the evening of June 21, 1992, a tall man with brown hair and blue eyes entered the beautiful hall of the Bell Tower Hotel in Xi’an with his bicycle. The hotel workers received him and telephoned the manager, for they had never seen a bicycle in the hotel ball before though they lived in “the kingdom of bicycles.”
Robert Friedlander, an American, arrived in Xi’an on his bicycle trip across Asia which started last December in New Delhi, India.
When he was 11, he read the book Marco Polo and made up his mind to visit the Silk Road. Now, after 44 years , he was on the Silk Road in Xi’an and his early dreams were coming true.
Robert Friedlander’s next destinations (目的地) were Lanzhou, Dunhuang, Urumqi, etc. He will complete his trip in Pakistan.
1. The best headline(标题) for this newspaper article would be .
A. The Kingdom of Bicycles B. A Beautiful Hotel in Xi’an
C. Marco Polo and the Silk Road D. An American Achieving His Aims
2. The hotel workers told the manager about Friedlander coming to the hotel because .
A. he asked to see the manager
B. he entered the hall with a bike
C. the manager had to know about all foreign guests
D. the manager knew about his trip and was expecting him
3. Friedlander is visiting the three countries in the following order, .
A. China, India, and Pakistan B. India, China, and Pakistan
C. Pakistan, China, and India D. China, Pakistan, and India
4. What made Friedlander want to come to China?
A. The stories about Marco Polo . B. The famous sights in Xi’an .
C. His interest in Chinese silk. D. His childhood dreams about bicycles .
5. Friedlander can be said to be .
A. clever B. friendly C. hardworking D. strong—minded
4、(1分)
Mr. Grey was the manager of a small office in London. He lived in the country, and came up to work by train. He liked walking from the station to his office unless it was raining, because it gave him some exercise.
One morning he was walking along the street when a stranger stopped him and said to him, “You may not remember me, sir, but seven years ago I came to London without a penny in my pockets, I stopped you in this street and asked you to lend me some money, and you lent me £ 5, because you said you were willing to take a chance so as to give a man a start on the way to success.”
Mr Grey thought for a few minutes and then said, “Yes, I remember you. Go on with your story!” “Well,” answered the stranger, “are you still willing to take a chance?”
1. How did Mr. Grey get to his office?
A. He went up to work by train.
B. He walked to his office.
C. He went to his office on foot unless it rained.
D. He usually took a train to the station and then walked to his office if the weather was fine.
2. Mr Grey liked walking to his office because ________.
A. he couldn’t afford the buses B. he wanted to save money
C. he wanted to keep in good health D. he could do some exercises on the way
3. Mr. Grey had been willing to lend money to a stranger in order to_______
A. give him a start in life B. help him on the way to success
C. make him rich D. gain more money
4. One morning the stranger recognized Mr. Grey, and_______
A. wanted to return Mr. Grey the money
B. again asked Mr. Grey for money
C. would like to make friends with him
D. told Mr. Grey that he had been successful since then
5. In the second paragraph, “…take a chance” means ______.
A. Mr. Gray happened to meet a stranger
B. Mr. Grey had a chance to help a stranger
C. Mr. Grey helped a stranger by chance
D. Mr. Grey took the risk that the stranger would not give back the money which he lent him
5、(1分)
Even if you are a good high-jumper, you can jump only about seven feet off the ground. You cannot jump any higher because the earth pulls you hard. The pull of the earth is called gravity.
You can easily find out the pull of the earth. If you weigh yourself, you will know how much gravity is pulling you.
Since there is gravity, water runs down hill. When you throw a ball into the air, it falls back down. Because of gravity, you do not fall off the earth as it whirls (旋转) around.
Then, can we get away from the earth and go far out into space? Now you can do it, because spaceships have been invented. Then spaceship will go so fast that it can escape (逃出) the earth’s gravity and carry you into space.
1. In this passage, the word “gravity” means.
A. the pull of everything.
B. the force of attraction(吸引) among objects.
C. the force which attracts objects towards the centre of the earth
D. the force which attracts the earth towards the sun.
2. When you slip(滑) you always fall to the ground because
A. the earth always turns round. B. the earth has gravity
C. the earth’s gravity is greater than your weight. D. you are careless.
3. Gravity is strong that
A. it can throw a ball into the air. B. it makes you jump only seven feet.
C. it can let you fly away from the earth. D. it can keep everything on earth.
4. Because of gravity,
A. water flows everything. B. we can go everywhere by ship.
C. water always flows downwards. D. fish can live in water.
5. We can get away from the earth by spaceship because
A. the spaceship goes very fast. B. the earth can’t pull the spaceship.
C. the spaceship has a strong force. D. the spaceship can jump higher than other things.
文章体裁辨析能力
英语中，由于不同文体的英语文章有不同的写作方法。如果考生具备了识别英文文体的.能力，能根据文体特征迅速抓住文章的要点，就会大大缩短阅读时间，提高理解效率。
文章结构辨析能力
英语文章有一个共同的特点，一般说来，首先确定文章的主题句，即文章的中心，然后，后面的内容都是围绕这一中心来展开论述的。中心句一般位于文章最前面，也有的位于文章末尾，还有的位于文章的中间。有了文章结构的辨析能力，考生就能快速对文章进行全面、系统的掌握。从而根据试题的不同内容或要求在不同的部位准确找到答案的依据。
归纳总结能力
虽然绝大多数英语文章有中心句，但也还有些文章根本没有中心句。如有些描述性的记叙就要求考生根据文章内容来归纳、总结出中心句。目前高考中的英语试题总有 3～4 题考查考生对文章中心的理解，这就要求考生一定要具有对文章的归纳、总结能力。
生词猜测能力
掌握一定量的词汇是进行阅读的前提，但运用各种英语知识猜测生词的能力是考查考生阅读理解能力的一个重要方面。倘若单词都不认识，也就无法阅读下去。然而，并不是说，一定要把所有的单词都认识才能进行阅读。事实上，阅读当中出现一些生词，是一件非常正常的事情。不仅英语阅读如此，就连本族语也是这样。正因为如此，有些语言专家把阅读戏称为猜词游戏。因此，考生在英语阅读理解过程中碰到不认识的单词时，要根据各种知识大胆地猜测生词的意义，培养猜测生词意义的能力。
长句分析能力
句子长而复杂是现代英语的一个显着特点，特别在现代科技英语中更是这样。作者为了把叙述说得准确、逻辑严密，往往是一个主句接一个或几个状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句、同位语从句、并列句，中间还来几个非谓语动词短语或插入语。这样不但使句子长，而且句子结构支离破碎，令读者不知从何处下手。因此，为了夺得高考英语阅读理解的高分，考生必须具备长句分析能力。
综合推断能力
*年来，英语阅读理解中的推理判断题逐年增多，单从文章的字面找不出答案，而要根据文章中的某些词、短语或句子来推断出它内在的深层意义，或将几个事实综合起来对文章进行深层理解。因此，考生必须在*时的训练中提高综合推断能力。
陷阱识别能力
在英语阅读理解题所给选项中，常出现部分真实的情况，但往往以偏概全、过于笼统，增添枝叶，让选项中的确含有原文中的事实、细节，或原文中已有的情况，却并不与原文事实完全一致，故意扰乱考生的视觉，让考生信以为真，这就是英语阅读理解中的陷阱。因此，考生要具有对陷阱的识别能力，才能绕过陷阱，从而作出正确的选择。
阅读理解一直是考研英语的重中之重，但同时也是考生的重灾区，阅读理解由于其分值高、题量大，成为了考研英语能否致胜的关键所在，但同时又因为其难度大，也为考生制作了不小的麻烦。阅读理解能否拿高分，直接关系到考生的英语成绩是否能够达到一个理想的分值，因此大家在复*过程中，一定要掌握好阅读理解的做题方法。
理解主旨要义
做阅读理解最重要的就是要理解文章的主旨要义，通常来讲，英语文章中的主旨句会出现在第一段以及每段的首句，考生在阅读文章的过程中一定要着重理解这些重点部位。
理解文中的具体信息
找到主旨句之后，就要在阅读过程中多加留意，找出文章中的具体信息。大家在阅读时要注意两点，首先要先看问题在阅读，带着问题看文章;其次要注意把关键词圈出来，这样能有效帮助你理解文中的有用信息。
理解文中的概念性含义
阅读理解的文章中往往隐藏这一些概念性的含义，其中不仅包括对于名词的解释，还包括人物的介绍以及大背景的介绍。一般来说，阅读理解的问题通常不会简单地询问字面上的意思，但答案往往是在这些概念性的阐述中推理出来的。
进行有关的判断、推理和引申
由于阅读理解的答案不会摆在桌面上任你采撷，需要你通过推理获得，所以考生在阅读过程中要进行有关的`判断、推理和引申。推理的依据通常包括三种，时间、地点、人物，大家可以通过文章中这三点的变换获得有用信息。
根据上下文推测生词的词义
生词也是阅读理解中让人头疼的事情，我们可以把不认识的词汇分为两种，面熟的和面生的。对于面熟的词汇，那么你就把你认识的那一部分标记出来，如果这个词语不是超纲词汇的话，那么这个单词很可能是你所认识的那一部分的词的引申词汇，意义也可以由此推理一下。对于面生的词汇，就只能通过练*上下文猜测和揣度了，这就需要你多读上下文，通过理解段落的含义，推敲出词汇的大致意思。
文章体裁辨析能力
英语中，由于不同文体的英语文章有不同的写作方法。如果考生具备了识别英文文体的能力，能根据文体特征迅速抓住文章的要点，就会大大缩短阅读时间，提高理解效率。
文章结构辨析能力
英语文章有一个共同的特点，一般说来，首先确定文章的主题句，即文章的中心，然后，后面的内容都是围绕这一中心来展开论述的。中心句一般位于文章最前面，也有的位于文章末尾，还有的位于文章的中间。有了文章结构的辨析能力，考生就能快速对文章进行全面、系统的掌握。从而根据试题的不同内容或要求在不同的部位准确找到答案的依据。
归纳总结能力
虽然绝大多数英语文章有中心句，但也还有些文章根本没有中心句。如有些描述性的记叙就要求考生根据文章内容来归纳、总结出中心句。目前高考中的英语试题总有 3～4 题考查考生对文章中心的理解，这就要求考生一定要具有对文章的归纳、总结能力。
生词猜测能力
掌握一定量的词汇是进行阅读的前提，但运用各种英语知识猜测生词的能力是考查考生阅读理解能力的一个重要方面。倘若单词都不认识，也就无法阅读下去。然而，并不是说，一定要把所有的单词都认识才能进行阅读。事实上，阅读当中出现一些生词，是一件非常正常的事情。不仅英语阅读如此，就连本族语也是这样。正因为如此，有些语言专家把阅读戏称为猜词游戏。因此，考生在英语阅读理解过程中碰到不认识的单词时，要根据各种知识大胆地猜测生词的意义，培养猜测生词意义的能力。
长句分析能力
句子长而复杂是现代英语的一个显着特点，特别在现代科技英语中更是这样。作者为了把叙述说得准确、逻辑严密，往往是一个主句接一个或几个状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句、同位语从句、并列句，中间还来几个非谓语动词短语或插入语。这样不但使句子长，而且句子结构支离破碎，令读者不知从何处下手。因此，为了夺得高考英语阅读理解的高分，考生必须具备长句分析能力。
综合推断能力
*年来，英语阅读理解中的推理判断题逐年增多，单从文章的字面找不出答案，而要根据文章中的某些词、短语或句子来推断出它内在的深层意义，或将几个事实综合起来对文章进行深层理解。因此，考生必须在*时的训练中提高综合推断能力。
陷阱识别能力
在英语阅读理解题所给选项中，常出现部分真实的'情况，但往往以偏概全、过于笼统，增添枝叶，让选项中的确含有原文中的事实、细节，或原文中已有的情况，却并不与原文事实完全一致，故意扰乱考生的视觉，让考生信以为真，这就是英语阅读理解中的陷阱。因此，考生要具有对陷阱的识别能力，才能绕过陷阱，从而作出正确的选择。
(1)略读法：关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题。要特别注意文章首尾两段，第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图，而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容。要学会寻找文章段落的主题句，因为把每段主题句的意思综合起来实际上就是全文的中心思想，文章的主题句也可能出现在段落中间或结尾。
(2)查阅法：考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章，而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分，然后加以阅读就行。查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息，即谁、什么、什么时间、什么地点、什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字。
(3)同义互释法：在高考中有些深层理解或者判断推理的问题可以采用同义互释法。
(4)判断推理法：有时4个题项中不止一个可以作为答案项，这时就应该意识到该题是一个判断推理题。要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图，选择比较，去伪存真，选出切合文章主旨和作者意图的最佳答案。
高考阅读理解主要从两个层面检测学生的语言能力：一是阅读中准确获取信息的能力；二是推断隐含意义的能力。*几年的高考阅读有以下四个特点：
一、选材贴*生活，贴*时代。渗透文化意识，强调实际应用；注重体裁、题材多样化、交际化和生活化。
二、生词率略有下降，但难句增多。命题者着重考查学生利用同义或反义关系、构词法、语法和语篇等理解生词的能力。
三、信息量加大，对阅读速度的要求提高。在增加语段信息量的同时，设项的表达信息量也有增加。
四、语篇意识加强，设题手法灵活，提问深入。这不仅要求学生理解文章的字面意思，还要求理解文章的内在含义，如段落或文章的主旨、作者的意图等。
五、命题上既注重细节的理解，也重视整体的理解；既重视从语言学角度考查学生的语言知识和语言技能，又重视从心理学的角度考查学生的学*策略。
鉴于此，解答阅读理解题的总体策略应定位于：单句入手，语篇突破，着眼整体，归纳推断。具体的做法是：
第一，准确理解关键句子、关键词语的意义。善于解读难句、猜测生词的词义和语义，注意跨文化语言障碍，避免因粗心大意或理解不准确造成曲解或误解。
第二，抓住语句表达的实质。即不仅能看懂词、句的表面意思，而且能够扑捉到文字背后的引申意义以及作者的态度和倾向，即潜在的深层含义。
第三，要耐心细致地读完全部选项，应按照“误否？虚否？偏否？”的三级思考程序来分析鉴别每一个选项，即先看与文中内容是否相矛盾，再看在文中有没有信息支撑点，最后看能不能完全符合题目的要求，找出差异，然后根据问题的特点和题型确定选项。不要急于求成，使选出的答案似是而非。
第四，要仔细审题。学生由于把主要精力都放在选择正确答案上，因此一旦找到了叙述与短文事实相符的选项，就盲目地选它为答案，忽视了题目到底问什么，从而使所选答案答非所问。
第五，要以语篇事实为依据，理解通篇的逻辑关系，把握住语篇的结构与文脉，在事实的基础上进行合乎逻辑的推理，避免盲目的或无根据的主观臆断。
第六，快速阅读，整体理解。
把握短文实质。
*时要养成良好的阅读*惯，克服逐字停顿、回读等坏*惯。阅读时要有紧迫感，集中注意力，力求一个意群一停顿，甚至一行一停顿。还要有强烈的语篇意识，着重整体理解，要在十分有限的时间内抓住短文要点、搜寻关键词、确定主题句，还要记忆有关细节、理清短文脉络。(作者：北京市英语特级教师周国彪)
1.切忌忽视文章的类别。在开始阅读之前，要判断阅读文章的类别，这样才能做到心中有数。
2.切忌边看问题边查找答案。因为用这种方法难以提高阅读理解的效果，尤其是对于深层理解的文章。应首先浏览全文，了解全文的概貌。看完后，应记住文章的要点，重要的结论以及一些关键性的人名、地点、定义和数字(不同的人名、地点可用铅笔在试卷上分别打上不同的记号，以便查找)等。
3.切忌乱用解题技巧。不同类型的.题目，如事实细节题、词语猜义题、主旨大意题、推理判断题等，都有各自的解题技巧，不能乱用。
4.切忌打乱解题节奏。在考试时一定要掌握好解题速度，有效地控制考试时间，先易后难是考试时答题的一般方法。碰到难题时，千万不要钻牛角尖，耽误太多时问。一时做不出的题，要果断舍弃，以免影响解别的较有把握的题。待全部题解完后，如有剩余时间再回头做放弃的题。
5.切忌每词都不放过。对于一般不影响句子或全文理解的生词，可以放过去，不必务求理解。遇到重要生词时，不要着急，也不要轻易放弃，可以采取根据上下文来猜词或根据构词法猜词等方法来猜出这个词的大致意思。
6.切忌凭空猜测推断。应是立足已知推断未知。
7.切忌主观臆断。不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法。
——高考英语阅读理解训练通用五篇
一、自测题：
Text 1
After a busy day of work and play, the body needs to rest. Sleep is necessary for good health. During this time, the body recovers from the activities of the previous day. The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day.
There are four levels of sleep, each being a little deeper than the one before. As you sleep, your muscles relax little by little. Your heart beats more slowly, and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourth level, your body shifts back and forth from one level of sleep to the other.
Although your mind slows down, from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs, your eyeballs begin to move more quickly (Although your eyelids are closed). This stage of sleep is called REM, which stands for rapid eye movement.
If you have trouble falling asleep, some people recommend breathing very dee***. Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion the counting sheep will put you to sleep!
1 A good title for this passage is ____.
A. Sleep C. Dreams B. Good Health D. Work and Rest
2. The word drowsy in the last paragraph means ____. A. sick C. asleep B. stand up D. a little sleepy 3. This passage suggests that not getting enough sleep might make you _____.
A. dream more often C. nervous B. have poor health D. breathe quickly
4. During REM, ____.
A. your eyes move quickly C. you are restless B. you dream D. both A and B
5. The average number of hours of sleep that an adult needs is ______ .
A. approximately six hours C. about eight hours B. around ten hours D. not stated here Text 2
Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages. In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a comparatively cheap one. With a TV set in the family people don’t have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema, or the opera .All they have to so is to push a button or turn a knob, and they can see plays, films, operas and shows of every kind. Some people, however, think that this is where the danger lies. The television viewers need do nothing. He does not even have to use his legs if the has a remote control. He makes no choice and exercises, no judgment. He is completely passive and has everything presented to him without any effort in his part.
Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events and the latest developments in science and politics. The most distant countries and the strangest customs are brought right into one’s sitting room. It could be argued that the radio performs this service as well; but on television everything is much more living, much more real. Yet here again there is a danger. The television screen itself has a terrible, almost physical charm for us. We get so used to looking at the movements on it ,so dependent on its pictures, that it begins to control our lives. People are often heard to say that their television sets have broken down and that they have suddenly found that they have far more time to do things and the they have actually begin to talk to each other again. It makes one think, doesn’t it?
There are many other arguments for and against television. We must realize that television itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses that it is put to that determine its value to society.
6. What is the major of paragraph 1? A. To arouse the reader’s concern
B. To introduce the theme of the whole passage C. To summarize the whole passage D. To sate the primary uses of TV
7. Television, as a source of entertainment, is ______. A. not very convenient B. very expensive C. quite dangerous D. relatively cheap 8. Why are some people against TV? A. Because TV programs re not interesting B. Because TV viewers are totally passive C. Because TV prices are very high.
D. Because TV has both advantages and disadvantages 9. One of the most obvious advantages of TV is that ______. A. it keeps us informed
B. it is very cheap
C. it enables us to have a rest D. it controls our lives
10. According to the passage, whether TV is good or not depends on _______ .
A. its quality B. people ’s attitude towards it C. how we use it D. when we use it Text 3
Too often young people get themselves employed quite by accident, not knowing what lies in the way of opportunity for promotion, happiness and security. As a result, they are employed doing jobs that afford them little or no satisfaction. Our school leavers face so much competition that they seldom care what they do as long as they can earn a living . Some stay long at a job and learn to like it ;others quite from one to another looking for something to suit them, the young graduates who leave the university look for jobs that offer a salary up to their expectation. Very few go out into the world knowing exactly what they want and realizing their own abilities. The reason behind all this confusion is that there never has been a proper vocational guidance in our educational institution. Nearly all grope(摸索) in the dark and their chief concern when they look for a job is to ask what salary is like. They never bother to think whether they are suited for the job or, even more important, whether the job suits them, Having a job is more than merely providing yourself and your dependants with daily bread and some money for leisure and entertainment, It sets a pattern of life and, in many ways, determines social status in life, selection of friends, leisure and interest.
In choosing a career you should first consider the type of work which will suit your interest .Noting is more pathetic than taking on a job in which you have no interest, for it will not only discourage your desire to succeed in life but also ruin your talents and ultimately make you an emotional wreck (受到严重伤害的人)and a bitter person.
11. The reason why some people are unlikely to succeed in life is that they _____ .
A. have ruined their talents
B. have taken on an unsuitable job
C. think of nothing but their salary
D. are not aware of their own potential
12. The difficulty in choosing a suitable job lies mainly in that_____ .
A. much competition has to be faced
B. many employees have no working experience
C. the young people only care about how much they can earn D. schools fail to offer students appropriate vocational guidance
13. Which of the following statements is most important according to the passage?
A. Your job must suit your interest.
B. Your job must set a pattern of life.
C. Your job must offer you a high salary.
D. Your job must not ruin your talents.
14.The best title for this passage would be ____. A. What Can A Good Job Offer
B. Earning A Living
C. Correct Attitude On Job-hunting
D. How To Choose A Job
15. The word “pathetic”in paragraph 2 most probably means ____ .
A. splendid B. miserable C. disgusted D. touching
1.A 文章的第一段谈到睡眠能使身体健康， 第二段、第三段谈到睡眠的几种状态，最后一段谈到很快入睡的几种方法。因此整篇文章都围绕睡眠而谈， 因此A为正确答案。
2.D. drowsy :瞌睡的， 想睡的。 因为上一句的意思是：“如果你睡觉有困难的话， 有人建议慢慢的深深呼吸。”紧接着作者说：“另外一些人认为喝热牛奶能使你…, 根据上下文应该选“瞌睡的”， 因此只有D 最符合题意。sick : 有病的；stand up :起立。 asleep : 睡着的。
3.B 答案在文章的第一段第二句话：“Sleep is necessary for good health.”意思是：“睡眠有利于身体健康。”因此本句的意思是睡眠不足有害健康。只有B最符合题意。
4.D 答案在第三段第二句话：“Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs your eyeballs begin to move more quickly.”意思是：“研究睡眠的.科学家指出一个人做梦的时候眼球移动速度加快。”因此正确答案为D。
5.D 文章中没有谈到成年人的*均睡眠时间。
6.B 文章的第一段只有一句话：“Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages.”意思是：“显然， 电视既有缺点又有优点”， 紧接着文章围绕着这一主题展开讨论。因此本段的作用是引出文章的主题。B 最符合题意。
7.D 答案在文章第二段的第二句话：“In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a comparatively cheap one.”意思是：“电视不仅是很方便的娱乐的来源， 而且相对便宜。”因此只有D最符合题意。
8.B 答案在文章的第二段有这样两个句子：“some people think that this is where the danger lies.” “He is completely passive and has everything presented to him without any effort on his part.”有些人认为电视的危险在于观众变的被动了。因此B为正确答案。
9.A 答案在第三段的第一句话：“television , it is often said, keeps one informed about current events and the latest developments in science and politics.”电视能使人们了解科学、政治领域里的最新发展。因此A 最符合题意。
10.C 答案在文章的最后一句话：“It is the uses that is put to that determine value to society.”意思是：“电视的使用决定它对社会的价值。”因此C 正确答案。
11.B 答案可以在最后一段找到：“Nothing is more pathetic than taking on a job in which you have no interest, for it will not only discourage your desire to succeed in life but also ruin your talents.”因此有些人事业不成功的原因是选择了不合适的工作。因此B 是正确答案。
12.D 答案在第一段的中间有一句话：“the reason behind all this confusion is that there never has been proper vocational guidance in our educational institution.” 造成这种状况的原因是我们的教育机构没有给学生们进行适当的职业指导。因此D 为正确答案。
13.A 答案在第二段第一句话。“In choosing a career you
should first consider the type of work which will suit your interest. “选择职业的时候首先要考虑的是这个工作你是否有兴趣。”因此A 正确答案。
14.D 文章的第一段谈到：“年轻人找工作时候的随意性， 因为他们没有经过任何的培训。” 第二段谈到：“选择职业的时候首先考虑的是自己是否有兴趣。”因此文章的标题应当是：“如何选择工作”因此D为正确答案。
15.B miserable: 痛苦的 splendid: 辉煌的。disgusted: 厌恶的。touching: 接触的。因此只有B 最符合题意。
Good morning. I am Professor Armstrong, and I am your laboratory instructor. This class is intended as a necessary part of the course, which Dr Smith will be in charge of. This class will meet twice a week. This laboratory begins at nine. I expect you to be on time. I do not intend to wait for the latecomers or repeat what has already been covered if you miss the explanation. And do not arrive late and interrupt your neighbor. You may as well not come if you cant be on time.
Attendance is equally important. If you miss three lab classes, youre dropped from the labs―no excuses. You cant complete the course without completing the lab.
Besides, safety is key here. Its very important to keep things neat and clean, dress properly, and be careful. You may not eat, drink or smoke in the laboratory and you should always clean the counterand wash your hands both before and after the class. Long hair must be tied back. Large clothing must not be worn. Any laboratory accident must be reported immediately.
I hope youll enjoy the laboratory. Its a wonderful place, and all the requirements Ive just mentioned are to be followed. We will begin today by learning about the microscope.
1. According to the passage how will be the latecomers be treated?
A. They will be allowed to enter the class and the teacher will repeat information for them.
B. They had better come quietly as long as they dont interrupt their neighbor.
C. They will be dropped from the class if they are late three times.
D. They will not be given any special consideration.
2. According to the passage what happens if a student misses three classes?
A. He can make up the classes.
B. He will be dropped from the class.
C. He may be allowed to remain if he has a good excuse.
D. He cant complete the lab without completing the course.
3. What should you do if you wear long hair?
A. You must have it tied back.
B. You have to cut it.
C. You will be asked to leave class.
D. You may as well not come to the lab.
4. According to the requirements which of the following isnt right?
A. You must report it immediately if there is any laboratory accident happens.
B. Dont eat, drink or smoke in the laboratory.
C. You can dress whatever you like.
D. Wash your hands both before and after the class.
答案与解析:
1. D 推理判断题。根据第1段中 I do not intend to wait for the latecomers or repeat what has already been covered if you miss the explanation 可排除 A；根据第1段最后两句 And do not arrive late and interrupt your neighbor. You may as well not come if you cant be on time 可排除 B；根据第2段第 2 句 If you miss three lab classes, youre dropped from the labs―no excuses 可排除 C。故答案为 D。
2. B 事实细节题。根据第2段第 2 句 If you miss three lab classes, youre dropped from the labs―no excuses 可知答案为 B。
3. A 事实细节题。根据第3段倒数第 3 句 Long hair must be tied back 可知答案。
4. C 推理判断题。根据第3段末句 Any laboratory accident must be reported immediately 可知 A 正确；根据第3段第 3 句 You may not eat, drink or smoke in the laboratory 可知 B 正确；根据第3段第 2 句中的 dress properly 及倒数第 2 句 Large clothing must not be worn 可知 C 不正确。故答案为 C。
第一篇：
Instead of hitting the beach, fourteen high school students traded swimming suits for lab coats last summer and turned their attention to scientific experiments.
The High School Research Program offers high school students guidance with researchers in Texas A&M’s College of Agriculture and Life Sciences.Jennifer Funkhouser, academic adviser for the Department of Rangeland Ecology and Management, dirests this four-week summer program designed to increase understanding of research and its career potential(潜能)。
Several considerations go into selecting students, including grades, school involvement and interest in science and agriculture. And many students come from poorer school districts, Funkhouser says. “This is their chance to learn techniques and do experiments they never would have a chance to do in high school.
Warner Ervin of Houston is interested in animal science and learned how to tell male from female mosquitoes(蚊子).His adviser, Craig Coates, studies the genes of mosquitoes that allow them to fight against malaria and yellow fever. Coates thought this experience would be fun and helpful to the high school students.
The agricultural research at A&M differs from stereotypes. It’s “molecular(分子)science on the cutting edge,” Funkhouser says. The program broadened students’ knowledge. Victor Garcia of Rio Grande City hopes to become a biology teacher and says he learned a lot about chemistry from the program.
At the end of the program, the students presented papers on their research.They’re also paid $600 for their work-another way this program differs from others, which often charge a fee.
Fourteen students got paid to learn that science is fun, that agriculture is a lot more than milking and plowing and that research can open many doors.
71.The research program is chiefly designed for .
A. high school advisers from Houston
B. college students majoring in agriculture
C. high school students from different places
D. researchers at the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences
72.It can be inferred from the text that the students in poorer areas .
A. had little chance to go to college
B. could often take part in the program
C. found the program useful to their future
D. showed much interest in their high school experiments
73.When the program was over, the students .
A. entered that college B. wrote research reports
C. paid for their research D. found way to make money
74.The underlined expression “on the cutting edge” in paragraph 5 means “on the most position”.
A. important B. favourable C. astonishing D. advanced
75.What would be the best title for the text?
A.A Program for Agricultural Science Students
B. A Program for Animal Science Students
C. A Program for Medical Science Lovers
D. A Program for Future Science Lovers
第二篇：
EAT YOUR VEGETABLES.Wash your hands. Always say “please” and “thank you”. We are full of advice for our children, but when it comes to money, we often have little to say. As a result, our children may grow up with clean hands and good manners, but without any idea how tomanage their money.
Here are some basics that will help guide them their entire lives：
Show them the future. If your 13-year-old girl were to save $1.000,invest(投资)it at 8% and add $100 every month, by the time she’s 65,she would have $980,983!
Be careful of credit(信用).Credit cards can help you buy necessary things and build a credit history, but they must be used responsibly, which means paying off your debt in time. Explain to your children that when you buy something using a credit card, you can easily end up paying two or three times what you would have paid if you used cash.
Teach patience. Suppose your child wants a new bicycle that costs $150.Rather than paying the cash, give him some regular pocket money and explain that by putting aside,say,$15 each week, he will be able to buy it for himself in only ten weeks.
Provide incentive. Tell your children the importance of saving. “For every dollar he or she agrees to save and invest rather than spend, you agree to add another dollar to the pot,” says Cathy Pareto, expert in money planning.
Explain your values. Values and money are dee*** intertwined, says Eilleen Gallo,co-author of The Financially Intelligent Parent. When your child demands that you buy something, explain why you really don’t want to buy it.“You might say, ‘I’d rather save that money for your education,’” advises Gallo. Every time you spend or don’t spend money, you have a chance to share your values.
67.The writer gives some basics to help in a proper way.
A. parents teach their children how to deal with money
B. children follow their parents ’instructions
C. children manage their money
D. parrents save their money
68.The writer thinks that, if a child wants to buy something, his parents should .
A. give him some regular pocket money
B. encourage him to put money away for it
C. explain to him the importance of investment
D. tell him to save some money by using a credit card
69.The underlined word “incentive” in paragraph 6 means .
A. honor B. praise C. excitement D. encouragement
70.What leads the writer to write this article?
A. Parents want to know how to educate their children.
B. He wants to share his good ideas about money ***.
C. He thinks money management the most important for children.
D. Parents care Little about their children’s management of money.
>>>>>>参考答案<<<<<<
第一篇：71.C 72.C 73.B 74.D 75.D
第二篇：67.A 68.B 69.D 70.D
important ways
Trees are useful to man in three very important ways：they provide him wood and other products;they give him shade;and they help to prevent drought(干旱)and floods.
Unfortunately，in many parts of the world，man has not realized that the third of these services is the most important.In his eagerness to draw quick profit from the trees，he has cut them down in large numbers Two thousand years ago，a rich and powerful country cut down its trees to build warships，with which to gain itself an empire It gained the empire but，without its trees，its soil became bare and poor.When the empire fell to pieces，the country found itself faced by floods and starvation.
Even where a government realizes the importance of a plentiful sup*** of trees，it is difficult sometimes to make the people realize this.They cut down the trees but are too careless to plant and look after new trees So，unless the government has a good system of control，or can educate the people，the forests slowly disappear
This does not only mean that there will be fewer trees.The results are even more serious：for where
there are trees，their roots break the soil up，allowing the rain to sink in， and also bind the soil.This prevents the soil from being washed away.But where there are no trees，the rainfalls on hard ground and flows away on the surface，and this causes floods and the rain carries away the rich topsoil in which crops grow When a11 the topsoil is gone.nothing remains but worthless desert.
41.Trees are useful to man mainly in three ways，the most important of which is that they can ____
A. keep him from the hot sunshine
B.enable him to build warships
C.make him draw quick profit from them
D .protect him from droughts and floods
42.It’s a great pity that ____
A.man is only interested in building empires
B.man is eager to profit from trees
C.man hasn‟t realized the importance of trees to him
D. man hasn‟t found out that he has lost all trees
43.Sooner or later the forests will disappear ______.
A. unless a country has a plenty sup*** of trees
B.unless people stop cutting down their trees
C.unless aIl people are taught the importance of planting trees
D.unless the government punishes those who cut trees instead of planting them
44.The word“bind”in Paragraph 5 means“____”
A.to wash away
B.to make wet
C.to make stay together
D.to improve
45. When there is a heavy rain.trees can help to prevent floods.as they can.
A.keep rain from falling down to soft ground
B，cause the soil to allow rainwater to sink in
C.prevent the soil from being washed away
D .make the topsoil stick together
答案：DCCCB
Englishman
For any Englishman，there can never be any discussion as to who is the world‟s greatest dramatist(剧作家).Only one name can possibly suggest itself to him：that of William Shakespeare Every Englishman has some knowledge，however slight，of the work of our greatest writer.All of US use words，phrases and quotations from Shakespeare‟s writings that have become part of the common property of the English-speaking people.Most of the time we are probably unaware of the source of the words we used，rather like the old lady who was taken to see a performance of Hamlet and complained that it was full of well—known proverbs and quotations.
Shakespeare，more perhaps than any other writer，makes full use of the great resources of the English language.Most of US use about five thousand words in our normal use of English;Shakespeare in his works used about twenty-five thousand.
There is probably no better way for a foreigner to appreciate the richness and variety of the English language than by studying the various ways in which Shakespeare used it.Such a study is well worth the effort(it is not，of course，recommended to beginners)even though some aspects of English usage，and the meaning of many words，have changed since Shakespeare‟s day.
36. English people ______
Millions of women use cosmetics, often called “make-up”. The cosmetics industry is one of the biggest in the world. Most large stores sell cosmetics, and there are always shops at airports selling them chea***.The word “cosmetics” refers to anything that people put on their faces to make them look better. Lipstick, face powder and cream, and eye make-up are the most popular. Although more women than men use cosmetics, there are cosmetics for men as well as women.
Some people even have cosmetic surgery to make their faces look different. They have the shape of their noses and eyes changed.
The most widely used cosmetic is probably lipstick, as many women who do not wear any other make-up will often put on a little lipstick.
Lipstick is made by mixing together different oils and colors. This mixture is then allowed to get hard and is cut into the shape of a small pencil. When a woman presses the lipstick to her lips, the end of it becomes soft, and some of it sticks to her lips, giving them extra color.
Cosmetics were probably first used in India, but it was the Egyptians, six thousand years ago, who made the most use of them. Rich Egyptian women painted their eyes green and black. They used a red color to paint pretty designs on their fingernails, the palms of their hands and the soles of their feet. Pictures of Cleopatra always show her wearing a lot of make-up.
The Romans also used cosmetics. They liked to make their skin very white and to paint their eyes. They also used a kind of lipstick.
In England at one time, very rich women had baths in milk to make their skin beautiful. They also used a lot of sweet-smelling powder to stop people smelling their bodies, which were often very dirty because they did not wash very often or change their clothes.
At one time, some cosmetics were not safe. They were bad for the skin, and some of the lipsticks and powders that people used were even poisonous. Nowadays, people in the cosmetics industry take great care to make sure that everything they use is completely safe.
5. What does the word “Cosmetics” refer to ________.
A. lipstick B. make-up C. creams D. surgery
6. According to the passage people use cosmetics ________.
A. only at airports
B. only to color their feet
C. to make themselves look better
D. instead of surgery
7. From the passage we know that in earlier times ________.
A. cosmetics were never used in milk baths
B. cosmetics were never used on the eyes
C. cosmetics were never used on the skin
D. sometimes cosmetics were harmful to the skin
8. Which of the following statements is true?
A. In order to make their faces look different some people even have cosmetic surgery.
B. In England, women have baths in milk to make their skin beautiful.
C. Cosmetics were probably first used by the Egyptians six thousand years ago.
D. Not all cosmetics are safe so we should be careful to use them.
答案与解析:
5. B 事实细节题。根据文章首句 Millions of women use cosmetics, often called “make-up” 可知答案为 B。
6. C 推理判断题。根据第2段第 1 句 The word “cosmetics” refers to anything that people put on their faces to make them look better “化妆品”这个词是指人们涂在脸上使他们看起来更好看的东西，因此可推断，人们用化妆品是为了看起来更好看。故答案为 C。
7. D 事实细节题。根据文章最后一段开头 At one time, some cosmetics were not safe. They were bad for the skin 过去有个时期有些化妆品是不安全的。它们对皮肤有害，可知答案为 D。
8. A 推理判断题。根据第3段第 1 句 Some people even have cosmetic surgery to make their faces look different 可知答案。
——高考英语阅读理解练*题范本五份
In 2013 alone at least 20,000 African elephants were killed for their teeth. In South Africa over the last two years more than 2,200 rhinos were killed for their horns. These numbers are alarming, because current rates of illegal hunting are faster than birth rates,which could lead to extinction for these ecologically important creatures in their environment. Indeed, some elephant and rhino populations are on track to be locally extinct within the next decade.
If you are reading this, you may already be aware of these facts. But you might not know that wildlife trafficking(私运) not only threatens the existence of elephants and rhinos but is also leading to extinction of other species, such as tigers, tortoises, sea turtles ― and the world’s most trafficked mammal(哺乳动物)― pangolins.
Pangolins are the only mammals that are entirely covered in tough scales(鳞), which makes them look very strong. But actually they are endangered mammals. There are eight different species of pangolins, four in Asia and four in Africa, and all are threatened with extinction. Although pangolins are protected throughout most of the countries where they live, high demand in East Asia, where the delicious pangolin meat is considered a delicacy and where their scales are used in traditional medicines, is driving an illegal trade in both live animals and pangolin parts. The number of pangolin trafficking is shocking. Experts believe that over the last 10 years more than 1 million pangolins were taken from the wild. It is estimated that between 40,000 and 81,250 pangolins were killed for the illegal trade in 2013 alone.
In February, the United States released a plan to deal with wildlife trafficking, which lays out the steps we will take to fight the illegal trade in wildlife, including pangolins. We are strengthening the carrying out of the plan; building international cooperation and contribution to protect wildlife; raising awareness to drive down the demand that is fuelling the illegal trade.
Get involved and remember World Wildlife Day (March 3) by spreading the plan. Use social media and tell everyone that now is the time to get serious about wildlife crime and end the demand that threatens species, big and small, from the huge elephant to the shy pangolin.
1. How many endangered creatures are mentioned in the passage?
A. 4. B. 5. C. 6. D. 7.
2. Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 3? A. Eight species of pangolins live on the same continent.
B. Pangolins are not protected in most of their natural habitats.C. The scales of pangolins can be used as an ingredient for cooking.
D. High demand contributes to the illegal trade of pangolins in East Asia.
3. What can we know about the plan released by the US?
A. Social media will be used to spread World Wildlife Day.
B. Whether the plan will be worked out remains to be seen.
C. The US will work together with other countries to protect wildlife.
D. More and more people are advised to increase their needs of pangolins.
4. What is the author’s intention of writing the passage? A. To inform us something about World Wildlife Day.
B. To raise awareness of protecting endangered wildlife.
C. To explain why pangolins are illegally traded in East Asia.
D. To show how the United States is to fight the illegal trade in wildlife.
答案:
1―4、CDCB
With all the wars, fighting and sadness in the world today, it's not only necessary, but also essential to have a good sense of humor just to help us get through each and every day of our lives.Putting a smile on someone's face when you know they are feeling down in the dumps ( 处于沮丧中), as the saying goes, makes me feel good and warms my heart.
How would you feel if you could not joke around with your wife, husband, child, co-worker neighbor, close friend, or even just someone that you are standing in line with at your comer store? I am always saying things that make others smile or laugh, even if I don't know the person I'm joking around with.My Grandma always found humor in everything she did, even if it was the hardest job anyone could imagine.This not only relieves stress in any situation, but also is common courtesy (礼貌) to speak to others that are around you.
I know of a few people that don’t have a funny bone in their bodies, as they say.Everyone around them could be rolling on the floor after hearing a great joke and they would sit there without the slightest smile on their face.They don't get the joke that makes others laugh.I am busting a gut while they just sit there, looking at me as if I were from outer space.How can people not get a really funny joke?
Laughing is essential to keep your stress levels under control.Without humor we would find ourselves with a lot of psychological problems, or on a lot of medications to keep us from going crazy.There is too much sadness in this present world.It drives people crazy.We all need to find a way to bypass the sadness and bring a little light into our lives.So, I believe our best medicine is to get together and tell some jokes and have some fun laughing together.
51.According to the author, humor is useful in the aspect that ____________.
A.it makes people more confident
B.it can pick up people' s spirits
C.it can help get rid of the cruelty in the world
D.it can help people get on well with others
52.The author answers the question in the second paragraph with ___________.
A.facts and descriptions B.evidence and argument
C.examples and conclusion D.stories and persuasion
53.The phrase “busting a gut" in the third paragraph can be replaced by __________.
A.explaining carefully B.speaking loud
C.keeping silent D.laughing hard
54.In writing the passage, the author mainly intends to __________.
A.talk about his own understanding of humor
B.encourage people to be humorous in daily life
C.introduce a practical way to get through daily life
D.convince people of the power of being optimistic about life
55.What is the author' s attitude towards the present world?
A.Positive. B.Critical.
C.Satisfied. D.Indifferent.
答案：51―55BCDBB
Can trees talk? Yes, but not in words. Scientists have reason to believe that trees do communicate (交际) with each other. Not long ago, researchers learned some surprising things. First a willow tree attacked in the woods by caterpillars (毛虫) changed the chemistry of its leaves and made them taste so terrible that they got tired of the leaves and stopped eating them. Then even more astonishing, the tree sent out a special smell---a signal (信号) causing its neighbors to change the chemistry of their own leaves and make them less tasty.
Communication, of course, doesn’t need to be in words. We can talk to each other by smiling, raising our shoulders and moving our hands. We know that birds and animals use a whole vocabulary of songs, sounds, and movements. Bees dance their signals, flying in certain patterns that tell other bees where to find nectar (花蜜) for honey. So why shouldn’t trees have ways of sending message?
1. It can be concluded from the passage that caterpillars do not feed on leaves that ______.
A. are lying on the ground B. have an unpleasant taste
C. bees don’t like D. have an unfamiliar shape
2. The willow tree described in the passage protected itself by ______.
A. growing more branches B. communicating with birds and bees
C. changing its leaf chemistry D. shaking caterpillars off
3. According to the passage, the willow tree was able to communicate with other trees by ______.
A. waving its branches B. giving off a special smell
C. dropping its leaves D. changing the colour of its trunk
4. According to this passage, bees communicate by ______.
A. making special movement B. touching one another
C. smelling one another D. making unusual sound
5. The author believes that the incident described in the passage ______.
A. cannot be taken seriously B. should no longer be permitted
C. must be checked more thoroughly D. seems completely reasonable
At school the children are taught to add up and subtract(减法) but, extraordinarily, are not routinely shown how to open a bank account — let alone how to manage their finances in an increasingly complex and demanding world.
Today the parenting website Mumsnet and the consumer campaigner Martin Lewis have joined forces to launch an online application to make financial education a compulsory element of the school curriculum in England. Children from five to 16 should be taught about everything from pocket money to pensions, they say. And that was exactly the plan preserved in the Children, Schools and Families bill that was shelved by the government in the so-called “wash-up” earlier this month — the rush to legislation before parliament was dismissed. Consumer and parent groups believe financial education has always been one of the most frustrating omissions of the curriculum.
As the Personal Finance Education Group (Pfeg) points out, the good habits of young children do not last long. Over 75% of seven- to 11-year-olds are savers but by the time they get to 17, over half of them are in debt to family and friends. By this age, 26% see a credit card or overdraft(透支) as a way of extending their spending power. Pfeg predicts that these young people will “find it much harder to avoid the serious unexpected dangers that have befallen many of their parents' generation unless they receive good quality financial education while at school.”
The UK has been in the worst financial recession(衰退)for generations. It does seem odd that — unless parents step in — young people are left in the dark until they are cruelly introduced to the world of debt when they turn up at university. In a recent poll of over 8,000 people, 97% supported financial education in schools, while 3% said it was a job for parents.
1. The passage is mainly about _____________.
A. how to manage school lessons
B. how to deal with the financial crisis
C. teaching young people about money
D. teaching students how to study effectively
2. It can be inferred from the first two paragraphs that __________.
A. the author complains about the school education
B. pupils should not be taught to add up and subtract
C. students have been taught to manage their finances
D. laws on financial education have been effectively carried out
3. The website and the consumer campaigner joined to _________.
A. instruct the pupils to donate their pocket money
B. promote the connection of schools and families
C. ask the government to dismiss the parliament
D. appeal for the curriculum of financial education
4. According to Pfeg, ___________.
A. it is easy to keep good habits long
B. teenagers spend their money as planned
C. parents are willing to pay the debt for their kids
D. it will be in trouble if the teenagers are left alone
5. A poll is mentioned to ___________.
A. stress the necessity of the curriculum reform
B. show the seriousness of the financial recession
C. make the readers aware of burden of the parents
D. illustrate some people are strongly against the proposal
答案： CADDA
Several weeks ago, a mysterious Christmas card dropped through our mailbox. The envelope was addressed to a man named Raoul, who, I was relatively certain, did not live with us. The envelope wasn't sealed, so I opened it. The inside of the card was blank. Ed, my husband, explained that the card was both from and to the newspaper deliveryman. His name was apparently Raoul, and Raoul wanted a holiday tip. We were meant to put a check inside the card and then drop the envelope in the mail. When your services are finished at 4 a.m., you can't sim*** hang around, like a hotel bellboy expecting a tip. You have to be direct.
So I wrote a nice holiday greeting to this man who, in my imagination, fires The New York Times from his bike aimed at our front door, causing more noise with mere newsprint than most people manage with sophisticated(复杂的) black market fireworks. With a start, I realized that perhaps the reason for the 4 a.m. wake-up noise was not ordinary rudeness but carefully executed spite(怨恨): I had not tipped Raoul in Christmas past. I honestly hadn't realized I was supposed to. This was the first time he'd used the card tactic(策略). So I got out my checkbook. Somewhere along the line, holiday tipping went from an optional thank-you for a year of services to a Mafia-style protection racket (收保护费组织).
Several days later, I was bringing our garbage bins back when I noticed an envelope taped to one of the lids. The outside of the envelope said MICKEY. It had to be another tip request, this time from our garbage collector. Unlike Raoul, Mickey hadn't enclosed his own Christmas card from me. In a way, I appreciated the directness. "I know you don't care how merry my Christmas is, and that's fine," the gesture said. "I want $30, or I'll 'forget' to empty your garbage bin some hot summer day." I put a check in the envelope and taped it back to the bin. The next morning, Ed noticed that the envelope was gone, though the trash hadn't yet been picked up: "Someone stole Mickey's tip!" Ed was quite certain. He made me call the bank and cancel the check. But Ed had been wrong. Two weeks later, Mickey left a letter from the bank on our steps. The letter informed Mickey that the check, which he had tried to cash, had been cancelled.
The following Tuesday morning, when Ed saw a truck outside, he ran out with his wallet. "Are you Mickey?" The man looked at him with scorn(轻蔑). "Mickey is the garbageman. I am the recycling." Not only had Ed insulted(侮辱) this man by suggesting that he was a garbageman, but he had obviously neglected to tip him. Ed ran back inside for more funds. Then he noticed that the driver of the truck had been watching the whole incident. He peeled off another twenty and looked around, waving bills in the air. "Anyone else? "
Had we consulted the website of the Emily Post Institute, this embarrassing break of etiquette (礼节) could have been avoided. Under "trash/recycling collectors" in the institute's Holiday Tipping Guidelines, it says: "$10 to $30 each." You may or may not wish to know that your hairdresser, mailman and UPS guy all expect a holiday tip.
55. The newspaper deliveryman put a blank card inside the envelope because_____________________.
A. he wanted the couple to pay for the newspaper
B. he forgot to write a few words on it
C. he used it to ask for a Christmas tip
D. he was afraid of asking for a tip in person
56. From the passage, we learn that the author_________.
A. didn't like Raoul's way of delivering the paper
B. didn't realize why Raoul delivered the paper that way before
C. didn't know that Raoul delivered the paper for them
D. didn't feel it necessary to meet Raoul when he came
57. According to the passage, the author felt ______to give Raoul a holiday tip.
A. excited B. happy C. embarrassed D. forced
58. Which of the following is true about Mickey, the garbage collector?
A. He wrote a letter to the couple afterwards.
B. He failed to collect the money from the bank.
C. He wanted the couple to send him a Christmas card.
D. He collected both the check and the garbage that day.
59. Ed's encounter(遭遇) with the recycling team shows that________________________________.
A. Ed was desperate to correct his mistake
B. Ed only wanted to give money to Raoul
C. Ed was unwilling to tip the truck driver
D. Ed no longer wanted to give them money
60. From the passage we can infer that __________________________________________.
A. their garbage bin might not be emptied one day if the writer didn’t give tips
B. the writer could have avoided giving tips if they had consulted the website of the Emily Post Institute
C. the writer’s husband didn’t know Raoul at all
D. the writer’s family was too poor to give the tips
答案:
55. C 根据第二段中的.I had not tipped Raoul in Christmas past和This was the first time he'd used the card tactic可知Raoul是想要圣诞节小费。D中的“was afraid of…”文章中未提到。
56. B 根据第二段中的With a start, I realized that perhaps the reason for the 4 a.m. wake-up noise was not ordinary rudeness…可知作者以前并不知道Raoul这样扔报纸和发出噪音的原因。
57. D 根据第二段中的I honestly hadn't realized I was supposed to可知作者是被迫付费的。
58. B 根据第四段中的The letter informed Mickey that the check, which he had tried to cash, had been cancelled.可知他没拿到钱。
59. A 根据倒数第二段Ed拿着钱包去问司机可知他拼命想改正原先未付小费的错误。
60. A 根据I'll 'forget' to empty your garbage bin some hot summer day."可以推断出正确答案。
——初三英语阅读理解 40句菁华
1、Tom calls Zip "the keep dog"because ______.
2、What made the shoe strange was ______.
3、The word "keep"in the last sentence means "_____"
4、We can know from the reading that the dog _____.
5、An old lady had _________ .
6、A. She didn’t want to ________ .
7、Bob and Jim once worked in different factories.
8、Jim paid back the money to Bob and went to work in another town later.
9、I'm not like my brother because I like to go to bed early at night and get up early in the morning.
10、My mother often has to go upstairs and pull Herbert out of bed as he refuses to get up.
11、From the story we know that when _________come, there is a heavy rain.
12、The best title (标题)for this passage is ________.
13、A man came to visit the boy's father on ________.
14、What was burnt? ___________.
15、"What's the matter?" "I went to a party last night, so I…"
16、"I feel so tired these days."" I think you'd better…"
17、From the passage we can infer (推断) that guessing is _______in learning a foreign language.
18、the tow farmers had to sell their apples at a low price because ________.
19、When the children are older, they __________.
20、During Step 2 of the experiment, the bees go to ________.
21、Satellites travel _____________.
22、If they _________, the teams will play on January 1.
23、The word in the story that means a river of ice is __________.
24、The story says, “The snow did not melt. It became deep and heavy”. The word it means ____.
25、Latin was used by people in _____.
26、The story says, “People do not talk to each other in Latin today. But they still use many Latin words,” The word they means ________.
27、The main idea of the whole story is that ________.
28、Which of the following does this story lead to believe?
29、It is clear that they wanted the horses to take them to ____.
30、The story happened ____.
31、When there are black block clouds in the sky, _____.
32、The third farmer came with and said to the other two. He _____.
33、将文中②处划线句子翻译成汉语。
34、Do children worry about poor grammar when they learn to express themselves?
35、As a student, how should you learn language by reading the passage?
36、Penguins ___________.
37、Which of the following is NOT the cause of penguin's decrease in numbers?
38、What's the main idea of the passage?
39、His parents _______let him stay long.
40、One evening Tom asked his mother for_________.
——小学语文阅读理解解题技巧范本五份
关于说明文的解题技巧
说明文也是在初中阶段的语文考试中常见的考试形式，很多人对于这一类型不是很明白，其实就是有事物、事理说明之分，而这种文章一般从标题中就可以找到要说的对象；但有一点要注意的是，这类文章一般是在开头结尾中进行总结，学生一定要找准总结的句子。孩子们需要掌握下面这几种常见的说明方法，比如下定义、举例子、列数字、分类别等等，都是学生应熟练理解的内容。
阅读理解七步自读法
（1）通读课文，借工具书扫除文字障碍。正音、正形、词语注释；
（2）通读课文，分析课文结构，分段分层，归结大意；
（3）理解课文，归纳文章的中心思想；
（4）摘抄文章中名言警句，积累词汇；
（5）语段分析，分析文章中的精彩段落，写批语，或练*自拟小标题；
（6）分析写作特色；
（7）写读后感，读书评论或摹仿作文。
整体感知、快速阅读的技巧
（1）浏览标题，领悟基本内容：标题有时暗示主旨、有启迪文章思路的作用、提供答题的方向等。
（2）辨识文体（记叙文、议论文、说明文、散文），分析重点文意。
（3）精读首尾，揣摩主题思想：首尾往往发现作者所表达的中心。
整体感知、快速阅读的技巧
（1）浏览标题，领悟基本内容：标题有时暗示主旨，有启迪文章思路，提供答题方向的作用等。
（2）辨识文体（记叙文、议论文、说明文），分析重点文意。
（3）精读首尾，揣摩主题思想：首尾往往发现作者所表达的中心。
1、记叙的顺序：顺叙、倒叙、插叙。倒叙：把事情的结局或某个最突出的片段先写出来，然后写事情的发生、经过等。倒叙作用：倒叙一般是为了突出中心、使内容集中，对比鲜明、或使叙述有波澜、或为了造成结构悬念，引人入胜。
2、记叙的线索以时间为线索、以事件（某物、地点的转换、感情的变化、“我”的见闻感受）为线索。
3、记叙的人称：
（1）第一人称（以‘’我“的口吻展开叙述）写法的作用：以当事人的身份叙述，使故事显得真实（作为故事的见证人）、自然、有亲切感。
（2）第三人称写法不受任何限制，写起来开阔充分。
（3）第二人称记叙，最贴*读者，使人感到特别亲切。
4、表达方式：记叙、抒情、描写、说明、议论
5、描写方法：分两类：人物描写和环境描写。
（1）人物描写细节描写
（2）环境描写的作用
（3）侧面描写：用他人的反应、与其他人物对比表现人物。
6、以写景抒情为主的记叙文，要理清写景的顺序，找出观察点（定点观察或移步换景）。
（1）观察角度：*视（远视）、仰视、俯视。
（2）观察的手段：视觉、嗅觉、味觉、触觉、听觉。
（3）感受的形式：形、色、声、香、味、光、感。
7、抒情方式：直接抒情和间接抒情。间接抒情一般指借景抒情、寓情于景、情景交融。
8、品味艺术特色：一般指品味文章（包括品位小说）的构思、布局、表现手法和语言特点。回答时看它的构思是否新颖巧妙；情节是否跌宕起伏；是否运用对比、讽刺、夸张、烘托、以小见大、欲扬先抑、象征、托物言志等表现手法；
9、散文特点：形散而神不散。形指结构，神指中心意旨写作手段：借景抒情、寓情于景、托物言志的象征手法。
10、当回答回答文章中某一内容有何作用时可从三个方面考虑，
（1）内容方面，如深化主题、强调感情等；
（2）结构方面的，如过渡、呼应等；
（3）语言方面，如引人入胜、生动活泼等。
11、标点符号的作用：引号：
（1）表引用
（2）反语，表讽刺否定
（3）表强调
（4）特指
破折号：
（1）表解释说明
（2）表意思的递进或转折
（3）表声音延长
（4）表插说或中断。
省略号：
（1）表内容的省略
（2）表静默或思考
（3）表语言的中断
（4）表说话断断续续
（5）表话未说完，语意未尽。
12、小说三要素：情节、人物、环境小说结构：开端、发展、高潮、结局（有的前有序幕后有尾声）
13、常见写作方法；
14、语句在文章篇章结构上的作用；
15、语句在表情达意方面的作用；
16、语言特点评价用词：准确、生动、形象、通俗易懂、语言简练、简洁明了、委婉含蓄、意味深长、富有感染力等。
17、围绕短文谈谈自己的看法或体会或感受：答题模式：先用1句话概括出自己的看法或体会，再用2—3句话谈谈理由，可以摆事实、讲道理、若题目有相关要求，还要结合亲身经历。
了解某句话在阅读理解文中的作用
文首：开篇点题；渲染气氛（记叙文、小说），埋下伏笔（记叙文、小说），设置悬念
（小说），为下文作辅垫；总领下文；
文中：承上启下；总领下文；总结上文；
文末：点明中心（记叙文、小说）；深化主题（记叙文、小说）；照应开头（议论文、记叙文、小说）
学会概括文章主旨
对于这种题目，在回答之前一定要把全文仔细看几遍，然后可以用这样的关键词来进行回答：“通过……故事，歌颂（赞美）了……表达了作者……的思想感情，揭示了……的深刻道理。我们也可以从文中去找，在文章的每一段特别是第一段或最后一段的第一句或最后一句，文章中富有哲理性的句子往往是作者所要表达的主题。
做阅读题必须有四种意识
文体意识：根据文章的不同体裁去答题；
语境意识：联系文章中心和上下文答题；
文本意识：一切答案可以在文中找到，答题不能脱离文本；
题目意识：注意答案在问题中，从问题中找命题意图、答题要点和要求，按分值答题。
结合所给问题去阅读
阅读全文之后就要开始进入做题阶段了，学生在做阅读理解的时候应该学会带着试卷上所给的问题去阅读，一边思考一般阅读，能够迅速的找到想要的答案。还有一个小技巧，学生在阅读的时候可以采用“倒读法”，采用这种阅读方式可以节省很多时间，并且，倒读可以直接的去理解题目和文章中叙事的人物、或者地点，可以一目了然
5现代文阅读试题答题技巧方法
第一遍：通读全篇，大致了解。先整体粗略阅读全文，大致感知文章大意即可；阅读时凭感觉划出自认为重点的`词语、句子；[可以稍快]
第二遍：审清题意，回读原文。看一遍题目，确定回答问题的阅读范围，再结合试题（顺藤）找到相关的段、句，截取关键性文字；找出或归纳出答案（摘瓜）。[宜慢，仔细，并回读检查]
最后：理清要点，认真答题。根据答题要求，加工改造，概括提炼。
一、巧妙借助“原话”，确定解题空间
在通读全文的基础上，将要回答的问题放到阅读的文章中来，再去浏览所要回答的试题，经过初步的思考，确定解决问题的阅读空间。有些试题它要求用文中原话来回答，我们就可以用文中的原话来作答，这时就可以“从文章中直接提取信息”来回答问题。
如果它没有明确要求用文中的原话来作答，我们也可以“从文章中直接提取信息”来回答问题。如若它指定必需要使用学生自己的话来回答的话，我们也可以让学生将文中的原话加以翻译，再换言之。力求挖掘原句子的隐含信息和深层含义。有些题目则需要结合全文内容，挖掘句子的隐含信息，经过缜密的思考，寻求完美的答案。
语文试题的开放性要求试题答案能，自圆其说，答案最佳。汉语词汇如此丰富，感情色彩如此浓烈，因此在阅读的时候，要仔细认真、深入分析，回答问题时，对于遣词造句要仔细揣摩、反复推敲，根据不同体裁的特点，不同的语境，要准确的使用词语。
二、选择适当方法，答题力求言之有理
在做阅读理解题时还是有一定方法可寻的，我们在教学时可指导学生根据不同类型的题目，选择不同的方法来解答。我这里大致总结为4种。
1、置于语境。即将问题放在上下文中思考。此方法适用于“理解词义；理解含义深刻句子；找近义词、反义词体验情景等。
2、体验情景。就是让学生与作者进行角色互换，站在作者的立场上思考问题并做出回答。此方法特适用于问答以及体会作者的思想感情等题目。
3、联系生活。即从文本中跳出来，把思维的范围再扩大，想想与此有联系的东西：如学过的课文、知识的积累、生活经验是否可帮助自己解题。此方法特别适用于谈自自己的感想、体会或者理解含义深刻的句子类题目。
4、结合中心。这是解答阅读题最不能忽视的一种方法。从文章中心出发来思考每一个问题，答案就有了落脚点。
一般来说，“置于语境”是最基本的思考方法，遇到题目首先考虑运用这种方法思考；在运用置于语境的方法仍然无法解答时可用“情景体验”这种方法来思考；如果运用前几种方法仍无法解出题目，就可运用“联系生活实际”这种方法来思考问题，以求得到比较准确的答案；“结合中心”是思考问题时时常都不能忽略的方法，只有结合中心来思考问题，回答才会对路子。
所谓“言之有理”就是让学生根据问题能够说一个所以然来，能说一个道道来，或谓之“自圆其说”。只要学生言之有据，持之有理，就可以酌情得分了。同时学生要注意组织规范语言答题，认真书写。答案基本考虑成熟之后，还需要注意一下表述的语言。语言简洁明了，能达到事半功倍的效果；重复罗嗦，不得要领，往往会出力不讨好。在答题之后，如果时间允许，要重读全文内容，充满信心地进行复查。所有答案全部做完后，携带阅读理解的成果回归原文，检查答题有无疏漏，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，对照各题目推测判断，确保无误。
在题目中的每个词语，在具体的语言环境中都有其特定的意义，因此，在审题时要弄清词语 的具体含义及其与其他词语之间的相互关系。
阅读题的关键在于准确地审题，抓住了审题这个关键，就找到了答题的诀窍。语文阅读的审题，就是要仔细分析题目，把握题目要求，即是把握题目中包含的与答案相关的各种信息。这是答题的第一步，也是最关键的一步。题目一般由两个部分组成，一是文章作者的话，一是命题者的话。设置题目的目的，主要是限定答题内容；同时，命题者为了使考生不至于茫然无绪，往往又会在题目中提示答题内容在文中的位置，甚至限定了在哪一段或哪个句子中。
这样我们就可以根据题目的提示，找出每一道题的出题点，锁定答题区间，具体到段、句、词。只要找准了原文中的相关区域，认真揣摩上下文的文意，准确抓住关键词句，准确地把握住答案的有关信息，大多数题目的答案是能够在原文中找到的。
总之，题目提示了答题范围，题目规定了答题角度，题目提供了答题思路，题目隐含了答题信息，题目体现了答题规律。
总结：审题，就是深入思考和反复推敲作文话题（包括材料）以及考试后检查，以求理解其含义，弄清写作的具体要求，确立写作中心，确定写作范围和重点，确定下笔的角度及感情抒发的基调，明确写作方式和方法的过程。
对于阅读理解题目，希望同学们很好的做到理顺序，把顺序理清楚了才可以更好的做题目。
理顺序
事件的前后因果关系、地点的大小、方向方位、物品的贵重好坏、课程的内容时间、人物的思想品质等，必须根据试题要求进行重点的比较和整理，然后作出判断。
通过上面对语文阅读理解理顺序答题方法的讲解，相信可以很好的帮助同学们的学*吧，希望同学们会学*的更好。
初中语文阅读理解解题技巧之破疑点
同学们对于破疑点的方法有了解吗，下面我们一起来学*吧。
破疑点
快速阅读中，必定会产生许多疑点，如对某些词语和句子的理解不确切、人物事件的关系不清楚、作者的观点态度不明朗等等，有时读完一篇较难的短文，甚至有"如入云里雾中"的感觉。如何突破疑点从而改善阅读的心态呢？
第一，借助试题破疑点；第二，比较用语的异同破疑点。
通过该上面的学*，希望同学们很好的做到破疑点，很好的进行阅读理解题目的解答，相信同学们会在考试中取得很好的成效的哦。
初中语文阅读理解解题技巧之抓要点
同学们下面是老师对阅读理解抓要点解题技巧的知识讲解，希望同学们认真学*语文知识。
抓要点
阅读理解短文的信息较为密集，考试时并不要求每句都透彻理解并瞬间强记所有信息，在领会短文大意之后，可根据试题迅速抓住有关段落或句子核查与分析，然后作出合理判断。
通过上面对抓要点解题技巧的知识讲解，希望给同学们的学*很好的帮助，相信同学们会学*的很好的哦。
初中语文阅读理解解题技巧之明主旨
下面是对语文阅读理解明主旨解题技巧的知识讲解，希望给同学们的学*很好的帮助。
明主旨
文学作品往往通过故事反映社会生活的某一本质方面，这就是主题。议论文总有一个中心论题，作者阐明自己的观点并对此观点加以论证，科普文章常指出某一个课题，通过实例或实验给以科学的分析解释，即使是新闻报道，也以某一事件作为报道的主要内容，将该事件的时间、地点、原因、过程及结果等几方面交代清楚，从而引起读者的普遍关心。因此，迅速把握文章的主题、中心、大意很关键。
以上对语文阅读理解明主旨解题技巧的知识讲解，相信可以很好的帮助同学们的学*吧，希望同学们考试成功。
——英语阅读理解课教学反思（精选5篇）
为了让学生在中考中有一个冷静的头脑，有*静的心情。我认为*时大量的阅读训练不可少。但是"阅读课"在英语教学过程中既是教学重点，也是教学难点。而九年级的英语教材中的阅读文章词汇量大，句型多样，时态语态变化多端，对于这里的学生来讲非常难。如何让有限的课堂时间成为学生提高阅读能力，提升阅读质量的手段之一，显得尤为重要。
针对中考阅读材料的特点，我在备课的过程中充分考虑学生的实际水*，根据学生的能力设计有效的教学手段和活动，使教学效果达到最优。
一、利用早读的时间“消化”新的单词，扫除学生在阅读文章时的障碍。
二、课前热身活动再次呈现新单词的意义和用法，使其得到进一步的巩固。
三、处理文章的时候，根据其本身的难易程度考虑是通篇把握文章还是分段理解，在引导同学们归纳总结主要内容、中心思想的时候适当设置一些问题和表格，要求同学们在阅读的过程中完成。
问题的设计可从易到难，要兼顾后进生的能力，增加课堂参与面。
总之，在阅读教学过程中，学生应始终是学*的主体，而教师则只扮演一个导演的角色。教师有效导引是必要的前提和基础，学生的理解是保证，学生运用能力是关键，学生的创造性思维是升华。只有充分发挥教师的主导作用和充分体现学生的主体作用，才能提高课堂效率和质量，真正达到阅读教学的目的。尽管如此，这种课依然是很值得深钻的。
我们现在一般都采用阅读教学法，通过发现问题、分析问题、解决问题来获得知识，强调自学与合作学*。
阅读教学中应该注意以下几个方面：
1、自读之前启发讲：即在学生自主阅读之前，简明扼要地揭示阅读要求和重点。
2、重点地方着重讲：对材料中的重点、难点和关键之处，在学生自读、自悟的基础上进行重点讲解，该挖掘处必挖掘，该品味，该讲深讲透的地方必须讲深讲透。
3、疑难问题明确讲：当学生在材料理解上遇到疑难时教师要鲜明地讲，从而为学生解难释疑，让学生正确理解、领悟材料内容。
4、合作中提示讲：当学生在合作学*中不能抓住要点进行有效合作时，教师要进行提示性讲解，以使合作有效、深入。
5、总结时补充讲：在总结一节课、一篇材料的阅读情况时，在学生概括、总结的基础上，教师要及时进行补充，以进一步进行提炼和归纳，从而使总结更加完整、准确。
初中英语阅读教学既是教学重点，也是教学难点，培养和提高学生的阅读理解能力是阅读课的主要目的。阅读一篇文章不是单纯为解决某个语言或是回答几个问题而进行的，最终目的是为利用所获取的信息知识进行交流，这种交流不是被动地掌握语言形式或语言结构，而是有交际愿望和交际目的的。
但在实际学*中，很多学生不喜欢阅读课，通过多年的英语教学，我总结和归纳出学生不喜欢英语阅读课的几个因素：
1、词汇量有限，影响阅读的效果。对词汇理解和掌握是影响阅读的重要因素，从某种意义上说，学生的阅读能力与其词汇量是成正比的，词汇储备不足，又会导致学生阅读障碍重重，丧失阅读兴趣。
2、缺乏有效的阅读策略与技巧。有的学生不懂得阅读技巧，他们在阅读时往往从前读到后，用相同的速度和方式理解不同文体的文章，而不是根据不同的文体采取不同方式获得主要信息，这样往往是事倍而功半，吃亏不讨好；也有许多学生在阅读过程中，试图记住所有的内容，*惯于逐字逐句地看，试图记住每个句子的意思，时间与精力过于集中于一些非考点的细节，而不善于通过整体阅读去把握文章观念和理念。
3、课外知识面狭窄，英美文化背景知识单薄。有些同学阅读文章时，对文章提及的事实或现象缺乏感性认识，导致理解过程晦涩，有时甚至会产生理解错误。因此，拥有较广的课外知识面和一定的英美文化背景知识会有助于学生尽快地进入阅读理解的状态，迅速地把握文章的整体含义和思路。
4、阅读动力与兴趣不足。阅读应该是一个积极主动的心理过程，而我们的学生由于上述种种因素的影响，对阅读产生畏惧心理，使阅读成为消极的应付和被动阅读。
作为一名英语教师，应该把排除影响学生阅读效率的障碍因素作为当务之急，课堂教学重视学生的阅读能力和效率，不断反思自己的教学，积极转变教学观念，指导学生使用正确恰当的阅读策略，帮助学生在学*过程中掌握阅读理解技能，从而提高学生的阅读能力。结合当前英语课“任务型教学”的模式，初中英语阅读课我们一般采取下面的的模式：
1、背景知识介绍：
这既是让学生了解相关的背景知识，也是对重点生词进行学*，扫除学生的阅读障碍。在这一过程中可利用多媒体，融图画、声音、文字于一体，以声、光、色的直觉效应强化学生的观察、记忆、思维和想象，使学生的阅读从抽象向形象转化，使阅读的过程成为游戏和欣赏的过程，从而提高了他们对本课进一步学*的兴趣和热情。
2、整体感知：
就课文内容整体设计几个简单的问题或做正误判断，让学生用最快速度浏览课文并做题。在这一过程中，设计的问题应简单明了，切合文章的主体，让学生对文章有大体的了解和感知。
3、览读：
就课文内容设计多个意义问题，让学生获取有关when，where，who，what，why等基本事实以及文章的总体过程脉络，让学生进一步感受课文内容，从而养成输入信息，处理信息、输出信息的阅读能力。在这一过程中教师要有所筛选，把握难度、深度，突出主题。
4、细读：
在认真分析课文内容的基础上，对课文段落进行调整使用，让学生达到对课文细化理解的目的。
5、探究学*：
让学生对整篇课文中的重点词汇、语言结构等进行挖掘，并整理归纳，相互交流。对于重难点教师应及时的指导和讲解，使其达到理解与运用的目的。
6、复述课文：
这是初中英语阅读的基本要求，即可以根据关键词、句的提升，用自己的话把文章的主要情节和内容简明扼要地表达出来，也可以让学生结合简笔画或挂图把课文进行简单的复述。进一步可以让学生巩固已获取的语言信息知识，这对学生的记忆训练、思维训练都有很大的`帮助。
总之，在阅读教学过程中，学生应始终是学*的主体，而教师则只扮演一个导演的角色。只有充分发挥教师的主导作用和充分体现学生的主体作用，才能提高课堂效率和质量，真正达到阅读教学的目的。
初中英语阅读教学既是教学重点，也是教学难点，培养和提高学生的阅读理解能力是阅读课的主要目的。阅读一篇文章不是单纯为解决某个语言或是回答几个问题而进行的，最终目的是为利用所获取的信息知识进行交流，这种交流不是被动地掌握语言形式或语言结构，而是有交际愿望和交际目的的。
但在实际学*中，很多学生不喜欢阅读课，通过多年的英语教学，我总结和归纳出学生不喜欢英语阅读课的几个因素：
1、词汇量有限，影响阅读的效果。对词汇理解和掌握是影响阅读的重要因素，从某种意义上说，学生的阅读能力与其词汇量是成正比的，词汇储备不足，又会导致学生阅读障碍重重，丧失阅读兴趣。
2、缺乏有效的阅读策略与技巧。有的学生不懂得阅读技巧，他们在阅读时往往从前读到后，用相同的速度和方式理解不同文体的文章，而不是根据不同的文体采取不同方式获得主要信息，这样往往是事倍而功半，吃亏不讨好；也有许多学生在阅读过程中，试图记住所有的内容，*惯于逐字逐句地看，试图记住每个句子的意思，时间与精力过于集中于一些非考点的细节，而不善于通过整体阅读去把握文章观念和理念。
3、课外知识面狭窄，英美文化背景知识单薄。有些同学阅读文章时，对文章提及的事实或现象缺乏感性认识，导致理解过程晦涩，有时甚至会产生理解错误。因此，拥有较广的课外知识面和一定的英美文化背景知识会有助于学生尽快地进入阅读理解的状态，迅速地把握文章的整体含义和思路。
4、阅读动力与兴趣不足。阅读应该是一个积极主动的'心理过程，而我们的学生由于上述种种因素的影响，对阅读产生畏惧心理，使阅读成为消极的应付和被动阅读。
作为一名英语教师，应该把排除影响学生阅读效率的障碍因素作为当务之急，课堂教学重视学生的阅读能力和效率，不断反思自己的教学，积极转变教学观念，指导学生使用正确恰当的阅读策略，帮助学生在学*过程中掌握阅读理解技能，从而提高学生的阅读能力。结合当前英语课“任务型教学”的模式，初中英语阅读课我们一般采取下面的的模式：
1、背景知识介绍：
这既是让学生了解相关的背景知识，也是对重点生词进行学*，扫除学生的阅读障碍。在这一过程中可利用多媒体，融图画、声音、文字于一体，以声、光、色的直觉效应强化学生的观察、记忆、思维和想象，使学生的阅读从抽象向形象转化，使阅读的过程成为游戏和欣赏的过程，从而提高了他们对本课进一步学*的兴趣和热情。
2、整体感知：寻读（Scanning）
就课文内容整体设计几个简单的问题或做正误判断，让学生用最快速度浏览课文并做题。在这一过程中，设计的问题应简单明了，切合文章的主体，让学生对文章有大体的了解和感知。
3、览读（Skimming）
就课文内容设计多个意义问题，让学生获取有关when,where,who,what,why等基本事实以及文章的总体过程脉络，让学生进一步感受课文内容，从而养成输入信息，处理信息、输出信息的阅读能力。在这一过程中教师要有所筛选，把握难度、深度，突出主题。
4、细读（Intensive---reading）：
在认真分析课文内容的基础上，对课文段落进行调整使用，让学生达到对课文细化理解的目的。
5探究学*：
让学生对整篇课文中的重点词汇、语言结构等进行挖掘，并整理归纳，相互交流。对于重难点教师应及时的指导和讲解，使其达到理解与运用的目的。
6、复述课文：
这是初中英语阅读的基本要求，即可以根据关键词﹑句的提升，用自己的话把文章的主要情节和内容简明扼要地表达出来，也可以让学生结合简笔画或挂图把课文进行简单的复述。进一步可以让学生巩固已获取的语言信息知识，这对学生的记忆训练﹑思维训练都有很大的帮助。
总之，在阅读教学过程中，学生应始终是学*的主体，而教师则只扮演一个导演的角色。只有充分发挥教师的主导作用和充分体现学生的主体作用，才能提高课堂效率和质量，真正达到阅读教学的目的。
初中英语阅读教学既是教学重点，也是教学难点，培养和提高学生的阅读理解能力是阅读课的主要目的。阅读一篇文章不是单纯为解决某个语言或是回答几个问题而进行的，最终目的是为利用所获取的信息知识进行交流，这种交流不是被动地掌握语言形式或语言结构，而是有交际愿望和交际目的的。
但在实际学*中，很多学生不喜欢阅读课，通过多年的英语教学，我总结和归纳出学生不喜欢英语阅读课的几个因素：
1、词汇量有限，影响阅读的效果。
对词汇理解和掌握是影响阅读的重要因素，从某种意义上说，学生的阅读能力与其词汇量是成正比的，词汇储备不足，又会导致学生阅读障碍重重，丧失阅读兴趣。
2、缺乏有效的阅读策略与技巧。
有的学生不懂得阅读技巧，他们在阅读时往往从前读到后，用相同的速度和方式理解不同文体的文章，而不是根据不同的文体采取不同方式获得主要信息，这样往往是事倍而功半，吃亏不讨好；也有许多学生在阅读过程中，试图记住所有的内容，*惯于逐字逐句地看，试图记住每个句子的意思，时间与精力过于集中于一些非考点的细节，而不善于通过整体阅读去把握文章观念和理念。
3、课外知识面狭窄，英美文化背景知识单薄。
有些同学阅读文章时，对文章提及的事实或现象缺乏感性认识，导致理解过程晦涩，有时甚至会产生理解错误。因此，拥有较广的课外知识面和一定的英美文化背景知识会有助于学生尽快地进入阅读理解的状态，迅速地把握文章的整体含义和思路。
4、阅读动力与兴趣不足。
阅读应该是一个积极主动的心理过程，而我们的学生由于上述种种因素的影响，对阅读产生畏惧心理，使阅读成为消极的应付和被动阅读。
作为一名英语教师，应该把排除影响学生阅读效率的障碍因素作为当务之急，课堂教学重视学生的阅读能力和效率，不断反思自己的教学，积极转变教学观念，指导学生使用正确恰当的阅读策略，帮助学生在学*过程中掌握阅读理解技能，从而提高学生的阅读能力。结合当前英语课“任务型教学”的模式，初中英语阅读课我们一般采取下面的的模式：
1、背景知识介绍：
这既是让学生了解相关的背景知识，也是对重点生词进行学*，扫除学生的阅读障碍。在这一过程中可利用多媒体，融图画、声音、文字于一体，以声、光、色的直觉效应强化学生的观察、记忆、思维和想象，使学生的阅读从抽象向形象转化，使阅读的过程成为游戏和欣赏的过程，从而提高了他们对本课进一步学*的兴趣和热情。
2、整体感知：寻读（Scanning）
就课文内容整体设计几个简单的问题或做正误判断，让学生用最快速度浏览课文并做题。在这一过程中，设计的问题应简单明了，切合文章的'主体，让学生对文章有大体的了解和感知。
3、览读（Skimming）
就课文内容设计多个意义问题，让学生获取有关when,where,who,what,why等基本事实以及文章的总体过程脉络，让学生进一步感受课文内容，从而养成输入信息，处理信息、输出信息的阅读能力。在这一过程中教师要有所筛选，把握难度、深度，突出主题。
4、细读（Intensive---reading）：
在认真分析课文内容的基础上，对课文段落进行调整使用，让学生达到对课文细化理解的目的。
5、探究学*：
让学生对整篇课文中的重点词汇、语言结构等进行挖掘，并整理归纳，相互交流。对于重难点教师应及时的指导和讲解，使其达到理解与运用的目的。
6、复述课文：
这是初中英语阅读的基本要求，即可以根据关键词﹑句的提升，用自己的话把文章的主要情节和内容简明扼要地表达出来，也可以让学生结合简笔画或挂图把课文进行简单的复述。进一步可以让学生巩固已获取的语言信息知识，这对学生的记忆训练﹑思维训练都有很大的帮助。
总之，在阅读教学过程中，学生应始终是学*的主体，而教师则只扮演一个导演的角色。只有充分发挥教师的主导作用和充分体现学生的主体作用，才能提高课堂效率和质量，真正达到阅读教学的目的。
俗话说“兴趣是最好的老师”，这一点在英语阅读教学中尤为重要。我在进行阅读训练时，为了激发学生的学*兴趣，我首先对教材进行精心的挑选，根据需要，由易到难进行训练，不断激发学生英语阅读的兴趣，让他们觉得学英语原来是如此地有趣。在阅读教学中，我分以下几步进行：
1、略读
在英语课上，我们不要急着要学生记单词、学句子，而是先进行略读，了解故事内容，理清时间、地点、人物、事件，然后开展一些有趣的活动。可以用汉语表演，也可以进行哑剧表演，哪怕只有动作模仿，也要及时给与表扬，以鼓起他们的勇气，激发兴趣。
2、精读
在上述活动中，当学生急需用单词或语句表达式，适时的进行渗透，这样，他们就能自然、轻松的*得，而且能够恰当地应用。这时，我们就可以把表演、动作配上英语进行表演了。在学生正在兴趣盎然之时，进行单词和句子的认读训练。最后，我再让学生回到课本上去读故事，他们自然能够充分的理解故事中的知识与内容。
3、练*
接着，就要让学生根据阅读内容做练*题。根据小学生的特点，练*题设计的也非常有趣，学生很乐意动手去做，然后尽情体会自己的成功。
4、巩固
为了保持学生们学*英语的持久兴趣，在英语课堂中我通常采用多样化活动教学，所谓多样化活动教学就是把音乐、舞蹈动作、游戏、画画、比赛等融入到课堂中，让学生充分去表达故事，表现自己，激发学生的求知欲，活跃课堂气氛，使英语阅读课真正地“活”起来。
总之，无论采取什么方式，只要能让学生保持浓厚的阅读兴趣，我就大胆尝试。在多样化的教学过程中，我们师生配合默契，不仅在学*上共同进步，在感情上也特别融洽。
