An old lady in a plane had a blanket(毯子)over her head and she did not want to take it off . The air hostess spoke to her， but the old lady said， “I have never been in a plane before ， and I am frightened. I am going to keep this blanket over my head until we are back on the ground again !”
Then the captain came. He said， “Madam， I am the captain of this plane. The weather is fine， there are no clouds in the sky， and everything is going very well. ”But she continued to hide.
So the captain turned and started to go back. Then the old lady looked out from under the blanket with one eye and said， “I am sorry， young man， but I don’t like planes and I am never going to fly again. But I’ll say one thing， ”She continued kindly， “You and your wife keep your plane very clean!”
1. An old lady had _________ .
A. glasses B. a blanket over her head C. a coat D. a basket
2. A. She didn’t want to ________ .
A. take it off B. turn it off C. get on D. talk about it
3. _________ spoke to her .
A. The air hostess B. The man next to her C. her husband D. one of her friends
4. The old lady had never been _________ before .
A. abroad B. home C. in a plane D. in hospital
5. The woman didn’t like planes and she was never going ________ .
A. to fly again B. to travel C. to go abroad D. to go home
答案：
1-5 BAACA
To find out whether bees(蜜蜂)can see colours, the following experiment is made. A round table is put in a garden, and on the table is a piece of blue cardboard(硬纸版)with a drop of syrup(糖浆)on it. After a short time, bees come to the syrup. The bees then fly to their hive(蜂房)and give the syrup to other bees in the hive. Then they return to the feeding-place which they have found. After a while, the blue cardboard with the syrup on it is taken away. Instead of this card, a blue card is now put on the left side of the first feeding-place and a red card to its right. These new cards have no syrup on them. Very soon bees arrive again, and fly straight to the blue card. None go to the red card.
Picture 1
1. How many cards do you need to prepare for the experiment?
A. Two: one blue and one red
B. Three: two blue and one red
C. Three: one blue and two red
D. Four: two blue and two red
2. If Picture 1 below shows the table top during Step 1 of the experiment, which of A, B, C, D in Picture 2 shows the table top during Step 2?
Picture 2
3. During Step 2 of the experiment, the bees go to ________.
A. the blue card with syrup on it
B. the new blue card with no syrup on it
C. the empty space where the original(原先的)blue card was
D. the new blue card with syrup on it on the left of the red card
4. The experiment has proved(证明)that bees ________.
A. cannot see colors B. can see colors
C. can not see blue D. cannot see red
5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Bees Love Blue B. Bees Love Syrup
C. Bees, Color and Syrup D. Can Bees See Color?
Keys: 1-5 BCBBD
Uncle Li and Uncle Wang are good friends. They live next to each other and their farms are both at the foot of the mountain. So they can help each other. But neither of them likes to use his head. They're both poor though they work hard. Most villagers have built new houses, but they still live in the low and broken houses. They never find out why.
Once Uncle Li went to town to buy some medicine for his wife. In the town he heard the apples in a city were expensive. He told Uncle Wang about it as soon as he went back. They decided to carry some apples to the city. They borrowed some money from their friends and bought nearly 1,000 kilograms of apples in the villages and carried them to the city on a tractor. Bad luck! A lot of apples has already been carried there when they arrived. A few days later they had to sell them at a low price (价格)。They felt unhappy and returned to their village.
"I can't understand why we sustained (蒙受) losses in business while others always profit (盈利)" Uncle Li asked one day.
"The tractor was too small " Uncle Wang said without thinking. "We'll carry more apples on a truck next time!"
"I agree!" said Uncle Li. "How foolish (傻的) we were !"
1. Uncle Li and Uncle Wang live in the low and broken houses because __________.
A. they hope to save money
B. they're both poor
C. their farms are at the foot of the mountain
D. they're not far from their farms
2. The two farmers carried the apples to the city to _________.
A. make a journey B. visit some places of interest
C. meet their friends D. make a profit
3. the tow farmers had to sell their apples at a low price because ________.
A. theirs weren't as good as the others'
B. theirs were much less than the others'
C. a lot of apples had been already carried to the city
D. they forgot to carry them on a truck
4. Uncle Li and Uncle Wang were unhappy because _________.
A. they had sustained losses in business
B. they had lost some money in the city
C. something was wrong with the tractor
D. other people profited in the city
5. Which of the following is true?
A. The two farmers found out why they were poor.
B. The two farmers will soon get rich.
C. Neither of the farmers is clever.
D. The two farmers decided to buy a truck.
KEY: BDCAC
My friend Matt and I arrived at the Activity Centre on Friday evening. The accommodation wasn't wonderful，but we had everything we needed (beds，blankets，food)，and we were pleased to be out of the city and in the fresh air.
On Saturday morning we met the other ten members of our group. Cameron had come along with two friends，Kevin and Simon，while sisters Carole and Lynn had come with Amanda. There were some other members I didn't know. We had come from different places and none of us knew the area.
We knew we were going to spend the weekend outdoors，but none of us was sure exactly how. Half of us spent the morning caving while the others went rock-climbing and then we changed at lunchtime. Matt and I went to the caves(岩洞) first. Climbing out was harder than going in，but after a good deal of pushing， we were out at last. Though we were covered with mud，we were pleased and excited by what we'd done.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
1. The writer spent the Saturday morning _____.
A. rock-climbing
B. sleeping
C. meeting friends
D. caving
2. There were _____ members in all in the writer's group.
A. 6 B. 8 C. l0 D. 12
3. We can learn from the passage that _____.
A. some of the group had been there before
B. the group had done rock-climbing many times
C. some of the group already knew each other
D. group all came from the same city
4. The write thought her weekend was _____.
A. interesting B. relaxing
C. frightening D. unpleasant
5. This passage mainly talks about ____.
A. the writer's friends at the Activity Centre
B. the writer's experience at the Activity Centre
C. outdoor sports at the Activity Centre
D. how to go rock-climbing and caving
“Who has more questions, a teacher or a student?”About this question a great learned man told his student that nobody does but a teacher.
The student got puzzled. With a smile, the teacher drew two circles(圆). Within(在……里面)the larger one is my knowledge of things, and within the smaller one is yours. Out of the circles is still unknown to both of us. Since mine is larger, as you can see, the line that marks out the circle is longer. That makes it clear that who has more chances(机会)to face something still unknown.
1. The great learned man believed that ________.
A. a teacher has more questions
B. a student has more questions
C. both a teacher and a student have questions
D. everyone, except a teacher, has more questions
2. The student thought that ________.
A. a student’s knowledge is less than his teacher’s because it comes from the teacher
B. a teacher can not necessarily answer all the questions his students ask
C. those who have less knowledge have more questions
D. anyone who learns more has more questions
3. At the end of the story, the great learned man concluded(推断)that ________.
A. a student should learn from his teacher
B. a teacher does not have so many questions as his student
C. a student knows more than his teacher
D. a teacher has more chances to face what he doesn’t know
4. Which of the following topics can NOT express the idea of the story?
A. You Will Never Learn Enough
B. A Teacher and His Student
C. There Is No Limit to Knowledge
D. One Is Never Too Old to Learn
5. We can often find such an article in ________.
A. the Palace Museum B. any book
C. a newspaper of magazine D. An encyclopedia(百科全书)
Keys: 1-5 ACDBA
As many as 10 of the 17 kinds of penguins（企鹅）may be in danger of disappearing. The number of penguins have decreased(减少) by 30% since 1987.
Penguins are black and white birds that live in the southern part of the world. They are common in South America，New Zealand，Australia and South Africa. Mary live near cold waters. But some live near warm waters in Galapagos Islands. Penguins cannot fly，but they are fine swimmers. Penguins eat fish and krill(磷虾).
The warming of the earth is the decrease in penguin populations. The heating of the air has caused ocean waters to become warmer. Higher water temperatures have reduced the sup*** of fish and krill. Some years later these birds are completely unable to reproduce(繁殖). Besides，many adult penguins die of hunger.
Widespread(广泛的) fishing，exploration for oil and oil leaks(漏) also make penguins be in danger. Poisonous organisms(生物) in ocean water are another danger. Penguins also have their enemies，including wild dogs，sharks，seals and sea lions.
News about penguins is not all bad，however. Several years ago，oil leaking from a ship hurt 40% of the penguins in South Africa. The penguins became covered with oil. But thousands of people helped clean and treat the birds well. Then they returned the penguins to the wild. Now these South African penguins are reproducing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
1. Penguins ___________.
A. can swim better than fly
B. can be found near Oceania (大洋洲)
C. eat fish only
D. live only in cold waters.
2. Which of the following is NOT the cause of penguin's decrease in numbers?
A. Oil searching. B. Widespread fishing.
C. Human's killing. D. Warming of the oceans.
3. Why are the penguins in South Africa reproducing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking?
A. Because people removed the ship.
B. Because people sent a lot of penguins to the wild.
C. Because people helped the penguins.
D. Because people treated the penguins well.
答案及解析：
1. 选B，我们知道企鹅不会飞，因此A不正确，除了吃鱼，他还吃磷虾，因此C不正确。只能选B。
2. 选C，本文中并没有说人类是如何捕杀企鹅，相反，人类对企鹅的态度相当友好。
3. 选C，根据文章可以判断是由于人类的帮助。
Bob and Jim once worked in the same factory. One day, Bob lent Jim ten dollars, but then Jim left his work and went to work in another town without paying back the money.
Bob didn't see Jim for a year, and then he knew from another friend that Jim was in another town and staying at a hotel. So he went there to see him late in the evening.
When he got to Jim's room, he saw his shoes near the door. "Well, he must be in," he thought, and knocked again, and said, "I know you are in, Jim. Your shoes are out here."
"I've gone out in my boots," answered Jim.
True or False
1. Bob and Jim once worked in different factories.
2. One day Jim borrowed ten dollars from Bob.
3. Jim paid back the money to Bob and went to work in another town later.
4. Bob hadn't seen Jim for a year when he learned that Jim was in another town.
Key: 1-4 F T F T
A Leg Walking Right
Here are some signs + - x…, the signs are very different. They mean very different things. When you see them, you know what to do. This sign + means that you will add some numerals. This sign―means that you will take one numeral away from another. You will subtract(减去). What will you do when you see x and… ?
Our signs are easy to read. They are easy signs to remember. Look at these two signs… .The ancient Egyptians used these signs. A picture of a leg walking to the left told them to add some numerals. A picture of a leg walking to the right told them to subtract.
In the 1500s people used this printed(印刷的) sign & to add numerals. After a while the sign began to look like this… .Later, the sign became +.
How much is 2…2?
1. What do you do when you see this sign +?
A. Walk away B. Write a numeral C. Read a sign D. Add
2. The word in the story that means to take one numeral away from another is _____.
3. The story says, “Our signs are easy to read. They are easy signs to remember”. The word they means ______.
4. Which of the following does this story lead to believe?
A. Egyptians could not add numerals together
B. All Egyptians had two left legs.
C. Our signs are not hard to understand
5. What did the sign to add numerals begin to look like(which sentence is exactly like the one in your book)?
A. After a while, the sign began to look like this… .
B. After a while, the sign began to look like this +.
C. After a while, the sign began to look like this &.
6. The main idea of the whole story is that ______.
A. the signs for adding and subtracting have changed.
B. People could not write in the 1500s
C. the old signs were good for Egyptians but not for us
Key: 1.D 2.substract 3.signs 4.C 5.A 6.A
In almost every big university(大学)in the United States, football is a favourite sport. American football is different. Players sometimes kick the ball, but they also throw the ball and run with it. They try to take it to the other end of the field. They have four chances(机会)to move the ball ten yards(码). They can carry it or they can throw it. If they move the ball ten yards, they can try to move it another ten yards. If they move it to the end of the field, they receive six points(点).
It is difficult to move the ball. Eleven men on the other team try to stop the man with the ball. If he does not move the ball ten yards, his team kicks the ball the other team.
Each university wants its own team to win. Many thousands of people come to watch. They all shout for their favourite team.
Young men and women come on the field to help the people shout more. They dance and jump while they shout.
Each team plays ten or eleven games each season.
The season begins in September and ends in November. If a team is very good, it may play another game after the season ends. The best teams play again on January 1, the first day of the New Year. Many people go to see these games and many others watch them on TV.
1. The passage talks about ___________.
A. football B. how to play football
C. American sports D. American football
2. We can _______ the football in both American football and Chinese football.
A. kick B. throw C. run with D. catch
3. Why is it difficult to move the ball? Because ___________.
A. ten yards is a long way
B. many men on the other team try not to let the ball come near
C. the playing field is very large
D. eleven men have to catch the ball one by one
4. If they _________, the teams will play on January 1.
A. receive six points
B. play eleven games in the season
C. are the best teams
D. move the ball to the end of the field
5. Many people come to watch football and they want their team to win. Which of the following is not their act?
A. Jumping B. Dancing C. Crying D. Shouting
Keys: 1-5 DABCC
Dick lived in England. One day in January he said to his wife， "I'm going to fly to New York next week because I've got some work there." "Where are you going to stay there?" his wife asked. "I don't know yet." Dick answered. "Please send me your address from there in a telegram (电报)，" his wife said. "All right，" Dick answered.
He flew to New York on January 31st and found a nice hotel in the center of the city. He put his things in his room and then he sent his wife a telegram. He put the address of his hotel in it.
In the evening he didn't have any work， so he went to a cinema. He came out at nine o'clock and said， "Now I'm going back to my hotel and have a nice dinner."
He found a taxi (出租车) and the driver said， "Where do you want to go?" But Dick didn't remember the name and address of his hotel.
"Which hotel are my things in?" he said， "And what am I going to do tonight?" But the driver of the taxi did not know. So Dick got out and went into a post office. There he sent his wife another telegram， and in it he wrote， "Please send me my address at this post office."
Choose the right answer
1. Dick flew to New York because ___.
A. he went there for a holiday B. he had work there
C. he went there for sightseeing (观光) D. his home was there
2. Why did his wife want a telegram from him?
A. Because she didn't know his address yet B. Because she wanted to go to New York， too
C. Because she might send him another telegram
D. Because she couldn't leave her husband by himself in New York
3. Where did Dick stay in New York?
A. In the center of the city. B. In a hotel.
C. In a restaurant. D. At his friend's house.
4. Who would send him the name and address of his hotel?
A. The manager (经理) of his hotel. B. The police office.
C. The taxi driver. D. His wife.
5. Which of the following is not true?
A. Dick stayed at a nice hotel in the center of the city.
B. Dick didn't work on the first night of his arrival.
C. Dick forgot to send his wife a telegram.
D. Dick wanted to go back to his hotel in a taxi.
答案：
1-5 B A B D C
——初三英语阅读理解 40句菁华
1、Tom calls Zip "the keep dog"because ______.
2、What made the shoe strange was ______.
3、The word "keep"in the last sentence means "_____"
4、We can know from the reading that the dog _____.
5、An old lady had _________ .
6、A. She didn’t want to ________ .
7、Bob and Jim once worked in different factories.
8、Jim paid back the money to Bob and went to work in another town later.
9、I'm not like my brother because I like to go to bed early at night and get up early in the morning.
10、My mother often has to go upstairs and pull Herbert out of bed as he refuses to get up.
11、From the story we know that when _________come, there is a heavy rain.
12、The best title (标题)for this passage is ________.
13、A man came to visit the boy's father on ________.
14、What was burnt? ___________.
15、"What's the matter?" "I went to a party last night, so I…"
16、"I feel so tired these days."" I think you'd better…"
17、From the passage we can infer (推断) that guessing is _______in learning a foreign language.
18、the tow farmers had to sell their apples at a low price because ________.
19、When the children are older, they __________.
20、During Step 2 of the experiment, the bees go to ________.
21、Satellites travel _____________.
22、If they _________, the teams will play on January 1.
23、The word in the story that means a river of ice is __________.
24、The story says, “The snow did not melt. It became deep and heavy”. The word it means ____.
25、Latin was used by people in _____.
26、The story says, “People do not talk to each other in Latin today. But they still use many Latin words,” The word they means ________.
27、The main idea of the whole story is that ________.
28、Which of the following does this story lead to believe?
29、It is clear that they wanted the horses to take them to ____.
30、The story happened ____.
31、When there are black block clouds in the sky, _____.
32、The third farmer came with and said to the other two. He _____.
33、将文中②处划线句子翻译成汉语。
34、Do children worry about poor grammar when they learn to express themselves?
35、As a student, how should you learn language by reading the passage?
36、Penguins ___________.
37、Which of the following is NOT the cause of penguin's decrease in numbers?
38、What's the main idea of the passage?
39、His parents _______let him stay long.
40、One evening Tom asked his mother for_________.
——高考英语阅读理解优选【10】份
1.观念转变和方法转变(close reading 细读)
高考考察细读、辨别能力。
2.阅读的重要性
3.高考文章类型的分析(来源、内容、体裁)
①来源：一二年级课本、西方报刊杂志
②从内容角度把44篇文章分类：社会科学为主，自然科学为辅，新的趋势是人文科学的文章。
文章的分类：(共44篇)
(1)社会科学 (Social Science)有30篇
包括：政治学、经济学、社会学、传播学、教育学、心理学、历史学、人类学、文化学等
分析：政治学，从89-03没有出过题，因为西方和东方的意识形态存在差异性，避开敏感话题，没有出过;
经济学，每年至少一篇;教育学，隔年出一次;传播学，隔年出一次。
总结：泛读的重点――经济学、教育学、传播学、心理学。
(2)自然科学(Natural Science)有10篇
10篇中，纯而有纯的自然科学很少，只有约4篇。命题集中在科学史方面。
出题的原则：一般性原则，公正性原则。
总结：泛读自然科学的'文章，少读纯自然科学的文章，多读简介科学史的文章。
(3)人文科学，包括：文学、历史、哲学(还剩4篇)
分析：88--99年，11年中从未出过题。
文学评论―未来主义诗歌;
散文―雄心壮志;
散文―我这个人的一段心路历程;
讲幽默，题目有迷惑性。
总结：人文科学出题有抬头趋势。
③从体裁角度把44篇文章分类：议论文、说明文、记叙文、应用文。
多读：议论文、说明文。 (从来没有出现过记叙文，应用文只出过1篇)
④从语言上，以美国英语为主。
突显美国英语与美国文化，应该多了解一些美国的基本概况。最好有一幅美国地图。
4.新大纲中对于阅读理解的总体要求
①阅读速度：(02年开始为4篇x 5题)每篇文章略有增加，但增加不大。要求文章读得更细了，用close reading(细读)的方式击破高考阅读。比较适合的阅读速度为：45-50/分
②八点阅读要求：
(1)能够抓住文章中的主旨大意
(2)理解文章中的具体信息，
(3)理解概念性的含义(concept)，
(4)进行有关的判断、推理和引申的能力(解体思路应尽量适应命题专家)
(5)根据上下文推测生词含义，
(6)理解文章的谋篇结构及段与段、句与句的逻辑关系，
(7)理解作者的意图、观点、态度，
(8)区分论点和论据
③新大纲提出的三点要求：
(1)词语的概念性含义
(2)理解文章的谋篇结构
(3)区分论点和论据
5.新大纲的特点(3个)：
①放慢作题速度(close reading仔细阅读)，阅读速度要求我们读得更细更慢了;
②词的变化(passage变成了text)，重视文章总体结构的把握，这要求从结构的角度来读文章;
③命题范围没有任何变化。
④强调时效性。高考阅读“赶时髦”，与当今形势联系较紧，多看一些时文(经济方面)。
在英语学*中，阅读占有很重要的地位。阅读理解也是高考的必考题型。但是在日常的学*中，有不少同学还没有养成良好的阅读*惯，大大影响了阅读的效率。要想提高阅读水*，首先要养成良好的阅读*惯。
养成默读的*惯
许多同学在阅读的时候都有读出声的*惯。出声阅读的主要弊病就是使自己的阅读速度和效率受到说话速度的限制。因为，正常默读速度几乎要比出声朗读的速度快两倍以上。另外，出声阅读往往以不同的形式表现出来，有时仅仅是无声地动一动嘴唇，有时甚至连嘴唇也不动，只是舌、喉在活动。嘴唇的活动无疑会影响眼睛扫视文章的速度。一个有效率的读者能够只看到印刷符号就直接获得意思，而不经过声音阶段。因此，为了克服这种不良的阅读*惯，就要训练自己养成通过眼睛直接感知文字符号的视读能力。
克服心读的*惯
心读是一种很难观察到的阅读*惯。心读时，人体的任何部位，不论嘴、头或声带都没有动，只存在一种说话的内在形式：阅读者在内心里始终自言自语，清晰地发出并听着每个字音。这种毛病亦是一种很坏的阅读*惯，它直接影响到阅读的速度和效率，并且矫正起来还比较困难。采用强制自己在深入理解文章内容的同时，又强制自己加快阅读速度的方法，一般能逐渐克服这种坏*惯。
克服指读的*惯
指读是指用手指、铅笔或尺子等指着文章的一个个词进行阅读。指读是单纯机械运动，不仅会减慢阅读速度，而且还会把注意力引向错误的方向。一个高效率的阅读者不会注意单词的位置，也不会在每个单词上*均花费时间，而是把注意力集中在作者要阐明的思想内容上。有指读*惯的同学实际上妨碍了眼睛运动并限制了大脑的快速活动能力。因此，必须克服这种不良的阅读*惯，逐渐养成用脑瞬间反映文字信息的能力。
克服复视的*惯
复视指的是读完一个句子或段落后回过头去重复阅读。阅读能力差的同学往往有复视的*惯。改变这种不良*惯的办法是让自己阅读大量难度适宜的读物。在先了解阅读要求的情况下，用眼睛快速扫描答案。这样就不会因遇到生词或不太懂的短语、句子或段落而回过头来再看，以致养成复视的*惯。
克服阅读时头摆动的*惯
有的时候，我们在阅读时头部会下意识地左右摆动，这也是阅读的一种坏*惯。在阅读过程中，有些同学往往尽量使自己的鼻尖对准正在读的每一个字。这样，当他顺着一行字往下读时，他就会轻微地摆动头部，而当他通过头的摆动来阅读下一行时，他就会很快转回去以便使鼻尖再对准阅读文章的左边。这种头部摆动的过程，自己往往意识不到，而正是这种不必要的动作对阅读的速度产生了不良的影响。因此，必须克服这种毛病，养成阅读时只移动视线不摆动头的*惯。
还有其他一些不良的阅读*惯，如阅读时注意力不集中，思想开小差；有的用手或笔比划着，逐行地向下移；有的一面阅读一面玩弄着笔、尺子、钥匙等物，不时地发出响声；有的爱抖动双腿；有的过多地进行语法分析；等等。这些不良*惯直接影响到我们的思路，降低阅读速度，因此应及时纠正。
1.切忌忽视文章的类别。在开始阅读之前，要判断阅读文章的类别，这样才能做到心中有数。
2.切忌边看问题边查找答案。因为用这种方法难以提高阅读理解的效果，尤其是对于深层理解的文章。应首先浏览全文，了解全文的概貌。看完后，应记住文章的'要点，重要的结论以及一些关键性的人名、地点、定义和数字(不同的人名、地点可用铅笔在试卷上分别打上不同的记号，以便查找)等。
3.切忌乱用解题技巧。不同类型的题目，如事实细节题、词语猜义题、主旨大意题、推理判断题等，都有各自的解题技巧，不能乱用。
4.切忌打乱解题节奏。在考试时一定要掌握好解题速度，有效地控制考试时间，先易后难是考试时答题的一般方法。碰到难题时，千万不要钻牛角尖，耽误太多时问。一时做不出的题，要果断舍弃，以免影响解别的较有把握的题。待全部题解完后，如有剩余时间再回头做放弃的题。
5.切忌每词都不放过。对于一般不影响句子或全文理解的生词，可以放过去，不必务求理解。遇到重要生词时，不要着急，也不要轻易放弃，可以采取根据上下文来猜词或根据构词法猜词等方法来猜出这个词的大致意思。
6.切忌凭空猜测推断。应是立足已知推断未知。
7.切忌主观臆断。不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法。
O. Henry was a pen name used by an American writer of short stories. His real name was William Sydney Porter. He was born in North Carolina in 1862. As a young boy he lived an exciting life. He did not go to school for very long, but he managed to teach himself everything he needed to know. When he was about 20 years old, O. Henry went to Texas, where he tried different jobs. He first worked on a newspaper, and then had a job in a bank, when some money went missing from the bank O. Henry was believed to have stolen it. Because of that, he was sent to prison. During the three years in prison, he learned to write short stories. After he got out of prison, he went to New York and continued writing. He wrote mostly about New York and the life of the poor there. People liked his stories, because simple as the tales were, they would finish with a sudden change at the end, to the reader’s surprise.
1. In which order did O. Henry do the following things?
a. Lived in New York. b. Worked in a bank. c. Travelled to Texas.
d. Was put in prison. e. Had a newspaper Job. f. Learned to write stories.
A. e. c. f. b. d. a B. c. e. b. d. f. a C. e. b. d. c. a. f. D. c. b. e. d. a f.
2. People enjoyed reading O. Henry’s stories because
A. they had surprise endings B. they were easy to understand
C. they showed his love for the poor D. they were about New York City
3. O. Henry went to prison because .
A. people thought he had stolen money from the newspaper
B. he broke the law by not using his own name
C. he wanted to write stories about prisoners
D. people thought he had taken money that was not his
4. What do we know about O. Henry before he began writing?
A. He was well-educated. B. He was not serious about his work.
C. He was devoted to the poor. D. He was very good at learning.
5. Where did O. Henry get most material for his short stories?
A. His life inside the prison. B. The newspaper articles he wrote.
C. The city and people of New York. D. His exciting early life as a boy.
2、(1分)
One day a few years ago a very funny thing happened to a neighbour of mine. He is a teacher at one of London’s big medical schools, He had finished his teaching for the summer term and was at the airport on his way to Russia to give a lecture.
He had put a few clothes and his lecture notes in his shoulder bag, but he had put Rupert, the skeleton (人体骨骼) to be used in his lecture, in a large brown suitcase (箱子). At the airport desk, he suddenly thought that he had forgotten to buy a newspaper. He left his suitcase near the desk and went over to the shop.
When he got back he discovered that someone had taken his suitcase by mistake. He often wonders what they said when they got home and found Rupert.
1. Who wrote the story?
A. Rupert’s teacher. B. The neighbour’s teacher.
C. A medical school teacher. D. The teacher’s neighbour.
2. Why did the teacher put a skeleton in his suitcase?
A. He needed it for the summer term in London.
B. He needed it for the lecture he was going to give.
C. He wanted to take it to Russia for medical research.
D. He wanted to take it home as he had finished his teaching.
3. What happened at the airport?
A. The skeleton went missing . B. The skeleton was stolen .
C. The teacher forgot his suitcase. D. The teacher took the wrong suitcase .
4. Which of the following best tells the teacher’s feeling about the incident?
A. He is very angry . B. He thinks it rather funny .
C. He feels helpless without Rupert. D. He feels good without Rupert .
5. Which of the following might have happened afterwards?
A. The teacher got back the suitcase but not Rupert.
B. The teacher got back neither the suitcase nor Rupert.
C. The teacher got back Rupert but not the suitcase.
D. The teacher got back both the suitcase and Rupert.
3、(1分)
On the evening of June 21, 1992, a tall man with brown hair and blue eyes entered the beautiful hall of the Bell Tower Hotel in Xi’an with his bicycle. The hotel workers received him and telephoned the manager, for they had never seen a bicycle in the hotel ball before though they lived in “the kingdom of bicycles.”
Robert Friedlander, an American, arrived in Xi’an on his bicycle trip across Asia which started last December in New Delhi, India.
When he was 11, he read the book Marco Polo and made up his mind to visit the Silk Road. Now, after 44 years , he was on the Silk Road in Xi’an and his early dreams were coming true.
Robert Friedlander’s next destinations (目的地) were Lanzhou, Dunhuang, Urumqi, etc. He will complete his trip in Pakistan.
1. The best headline(标题) for this newspaper article would be .
A. The Kingdom of Bicycles B. A Beautiful Hotel in Xi’an
C. Marco Polo and the Silk Road D. An American Achieving His Aims
2. The hotel workers told the manager about Friedlander coming to the hotel because .
A. he asked to see the manager
B. he entered the hall with a bike
C. the manager had to know about all foreign guests
D. the manager knew about his trip and was expecting him
3. Friedlander is visiting the three countries in the following order, .
A. China, India, and Pakistan B. India, China, and Pakistan
C. Pakistan, China, and India D. China, Pakistan, and India
4. What made Friedlander want to come to China?
A. The stories about Marco Polo . B. The famous sights in Xi’an .
C. His interest in Chinese silk. D. His childhood dreams about bicycles .
5. Friedlander can be said to be .
A. clever B. friendly C. hardworking D. strong—minded
4、(1分)
Mr. Grey was the manager of a small office in London. He lived in the country, and came up to work by train. He liked walking from the station to his office unless it was raining, because it gave him some exercise.
One morning he was walking along the street when a stranger stopped him and said to him, “You may not remember me, sir, but seven years ago I came to London without a penny in my pockets, I stopped you in this street and asked you to lend me some money, and you lent me £ 5, because you said you were willing to take a chance so as to give a man a start on the way to success.”
Mr Grey thought for a few minutes and then said, “Yes, I remember you. Go on with your story!” “Well,” answered the stranger, “are you still willing to take a chance?”
1. How did Mr. Grey get to his office?
A. He went up to work by train.
B. He walked to his office.
C. He went to his office on foot unless it rained.
D. He usually took a train to the station and then walked to his office if the weather was fine.
2. Mr Grey liked walking to his office because ________.
A. he couldn’t afford the buses B. he wanted to save money
C. he wanted to keep in good health D. he could do some exercises on the way
3. Mr. Grey had been willing to lend money to a stranger in order to_______
A. give him a start in life B. help him on the way to success
C. make him rich D. gain more money
4. One morning the stranger recognized Mr. Grey, and_______
A. wanted to return Mr. Grey the money
B. again asked Mr. Grey for money
C. would like to make friends with him
D. told Mr. Grey that he had been successful since then
5. In the second paragraph, “…take a chance” means ______.
A. Mr. Gray happened to meet a stranger
B. Mr. Grey had a chance to help a stranger
C. Mr. Grey helped a stranger by chance
D. Mr. Grey took the risk that the stranger would not give back the money which he lent him
5、(1分)
Even if you are a good high-jumper, you can jump only about seven feet off the ground. You cannot jump any higher because the earth pulls you hard. The pull of the earth is called gravity.
You can easily find out the pull of the earth. If you weigh yourself, you will know how much gravity is pulling you.
Since there is gravity, water runs down hill. When you throw a ball into the air, it falls back down. Because of gravity, you do not fall off the earth as it whirls (旋转) around.
Then, can we get away from the earth and go far out into space? Now you can do it, because spaceships have been invented. Then spaceship will go so fast that it can escape (逃出) the earth’s gravity and carry you into space.
1. In this passage, the word “gravity” means.
A. the pull of everything.
B. the force of attraction(吸引) among objects.
C. the force which attracts objects towards the centre of the earth
D. the force which attracts the earth towards the sun.
2. When you slip(滑) you always fall to the ground because
A. the earth always turns round. B. the earth has gravity
C. the earth’s gravity is greater than your weight. D. you are careless.
3. Gravity is strong that
A. it can throw a ball into the air. B. it makes you jump only seven feet.
C. it can let you fly away from the earth. D. it can keep everything on earth.
4. Because of gravity,
A. water flows everything. B. we can go everywhere by ship.
C. water always flows downwards. D. fish can live in water.
5. We can get away from the earth by spaceship because
A. the spaceship goes very fast. B. the earth can’t pull the spaceship.
C. the spaceship has a strong force. D. the spaceship can jump higher than other things.
文章体裁辨析能力
英语中，由于不同文体的英语文章有不同的写作方法。如果考生具备了识别英文文体的.能力，能根据文体特征迅速抓住文章的要点，就会大大缩短阅读时间，提高理解效率。
文章结构辨析能力
英语文章有一个共同的特点，一般说来，首先确定文章的主题句，即文章的中心，然后，后面的内容都是围绕这一中心来展开论述的。中心句一般位于文章最前面，也有的位于文章末尾，还有的位于文章的中间。有了文章结构的辨析能力，考生就能快速对文章进行全面、系统的掌握。从而根据试题的不同内容或要求在不同的部位准确找到答案的依据。
归纳总结能力
虽然绝大多数英语文章有中心句，但也还有些文章根本没有中心句。如有些描述性的记叙就要求考生根据文章内容来归纳、总结出中心句。目前高考中的英语试题总有 3～4 题考查考生对文章中心的理解，这就要求考生一定要具有对文章的归纳、总结能力。
生词猜测能力
掌握一定量的词汇是进行阅读的前提，但运用各种英语知识猜测生词的能力是考查考生阅读理解能力的一个重要方面。倘若单词都不认识，也就无法阅读下去。然而，并不是说，一定要把所有的单词都认识才能进行阅读。事实上，阅读当中出现一些生词，是一件非常正常的事情。不仅英语阅读如此，就连本族语也是这样。正因为如此，有些语言专家把阅读戏称为猜词游戏。因此，考生在英语阅读理解过程中碰到不认识的单词时，要根据各种知识大胆地猜测生词的意义，培养猜测生词意义的能力。
长句分析能力
句子长而复杂是现代英语的一个显着特点，特别在现代科技英语中更是这样。作者为了把叙述说得准确、逻辑严密，往往是一个主句接一个或几个状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句、同位语从句、并列句，中间还来几个非谓语动词短语或插入语。这样不但使句子长，而且句子结构支离破碎，令读者不知从何处下手。因此，为了夺得高考英语阅读理解的高分，考生必须具备长句分析能力。
综合推断能力
*年来，英语阅读理解中的推理判断题逐年增多，单从文章的字面找不出答案，而要根据文章中的某些词、短语或句子来推断出它内在的深层意义，或将几个事实综合起来对文章进行深层理解。因此，考生必须在*时的训练中提高综合推断能力。
陷阱识别能力
在英语阅读理解题所给选项中，常出现部分真实的情况，但往往以偏概全、过于笼统，增添枝叶，让选项中的确含有原文中的事实、细节，或原文中已有的情况，却并不与原文事实完全一致，故意扰乱考生的视觉，让考生信以为真，这就是英语阅读理解中的陷阱。因此，考生要具有对陷阱的识别能力，才能绕过陷阱，从而作出正确的选择。
阅读理解一直是考研英语的重中之重，但同时也是考生的重灾区，阅读理解由于其分值高、题量大，成为了考研英语能否致胜的关键所在，但同时又因为其难度大，也为考生制作了不小的麻烦。阅读理解能否拿高分，直接关系到考生的英语成绩是否能够达到一个理想的分值，因此大家在复*过程中，一定要掌握好阅读理解的做题方法。
理解主旨要义
做阅读理解最重要的就是要理解文章的主旨要义，通常来讲，英语文章中的主旨句会出现在第一段以及每段的首句，考生在阅读文章的过程中一定要着重理解这些重点部位。
理解文中的具体信息
找到主旨句之后，就要在阅读过程中多加留意，找出文章中的具体信息。大家在阅读时要注意两点，首先要先看问题在阅读，带着问题看文章;其次要注意把关键词圈出来，这样能有效帮助你理解文中的有用信息。
理解文中的概念性含义
阅读理解的文章中往往隐藏这一些概念性的含义，其中不仅包括对于名词的解释，还包括人物的介绍以及大背景的介绍。一般来说，阅读理解的问题通常不会简单地询问字面上的意思，但答案往往是在这些概念性的阐述中推理出来的。
进行有关的判断、推理和引申
由于阅读理解的答案不会摆在桌面上任你采撷，需要你通过推理获得，所以考生在阅读过程中要进行有关的`判断、推理和引申。推理的依据通常包括三种，时间、地点、人物，大家可以通过文章中这三点的变换获得有用信息。
根据上下文推测生词的词义
生词也是阅读理解中让人头疼的事情，我们可以把不认识的词汇分为两种，面熟的和面生的。对于面熟的词汇，那么你就把你认识的那一部分标记出来，如果这个词语不是超纲词汇的话，那么这个单词很可能是你所认识的那一部分的词的引申词汇，意义也可以由此推理一下。对于面生的词汇，就只能通过练*上下文猜测和揣度了，这就需要你多读上下文，通过理解段落的含义，推敲出词汇的大致意思。
文章体裁辨析能力
英语中，由于不同文体的英语文章有不同的写作方法。如果考生具备了识别英文文体的能力，能根据文体特征迅速抓住文章的要点，就会大大缩短阅读时间，提高理解效率。
文章结构辨析能力
英语文章有一个共同的特点，一般说来，首先确定文章的主题句，即文章的中心，然后，后面的内容都是围绕这一中心来展开论述的。中心句一般位于文章最前面，也有的位于文章末尾，还有的位于文章的中间。有了文章结构的辨析能力，考生就能快速对文章进行全面、系统的掌握。从而根据试题的不同内容或要求在不同的部位准确找到答案的依据。
归纳总结能力
虽然绝大多数英语文章有中心句，但也还有些文章根本没有中心句。如有些描述性的记叙就要求考生根据文章内容来归纳、总结出中心句。目前高考中的英语试题总有 3～4 题考查考生对文章中心的理解，这就要求考生一定要具有对文章的归纳、总结能力。
生词猜测能力
掌握一定量的词汇是进行阅读的前提，但运用各种英语知识猜测生词的能力是考查考生阅读理解能力的一个重要方面。倘若单词都不认识，也就无法阅读下去。然而，并不是说，一定要把所有的单词都认识才能进行阅读。事实上，阅读当中出现一些生词，是一件非常正常的事情。不仅英语阅读如此，就连本族语也是这样。正因为如此，有些语言专家把阅读戏称为猜词游戏。因此，考生在英语阅读理解过程中碰到不认识的单词时，要根据各种知识大胆地猜测生词的意义，培养猜测生词意义的能力。
长句分析能力
句子长而复杂是现代英语的一个显着特点，特别在现代科技英语中更是这样。作者为了把叙述说得准确、逻辑严密，往往是一个主句接一个或几个状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句、同位语从句、并列句，中间还来几个非谓语动词短语或插入语。这样不但使句子长，而且句子结构支离破碎，令读者不知从何处下手。因此，为了夺得高考英语阅读理解的高分，考生必须具备长句分析能力。
综合推断能力
*年来，英语阅读理解中的推理判断题逐年增多，单从文章的字面找不出答案，而要根据文章中的某些词、短语或句子来推断出它内在的深层意义，或将几个事实综合起来对文章进行深层理解。因此，考生必须在*时的训练中提高综合推断能力。
陷阱识别能力
在英语阅读理解题所给选项中，常出现部分真实的'情况，但往往以偏概全、过于笼统，增添枝叶，让选项中的确含有原文中的事实、细节，或原文中已有的情况，却并不与原文事实完全一致，故意扰乱考生的视觉，让考生信以为真，这就是英语阅读理解中的陷阱。因此，考生要具有对陷阱的识别能力，才能绕过陷阱，从而作出正确的选择。
(1)略读法：关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题。要特别注意文章首尾两段，第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图，而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容。要学会寻找文章段落的主题句，因为把每段主题句的意思综合起来实际上就是全文的中心思想，文章的主题句也可能出现在段落中间或结尾。
(2)查阅法：考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章，而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分，然后加以阅读就行。查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息，即谁、什么、什么时间、什么地点、什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字。
(3)同义互释法：在高考中有些深层理解或者判断推理的问题可以采用同义互释法。
(4)判断推理法：有时4个题项中不止一个可以作为答案项，这时就应该意识到该题是一个判断推理题。要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图，选择比较，去伪存真，选出切合文章主旨和作者意图的最佳答案。
高考阅读理解主要从两个层面检测学生的语言能力：一是阅读中准确获取信息的能力；二是推断隐含意义的能力。*几年的高考阅读有以下四个特点：
一、选材贴*生活，贴*时代。渗透文化意识，强调实际应用；注重体裁、题材多样化、交际化和生活化。
二、生词率略有下降，但难句增多。命题者着重考查学生利用同义或反义关系、构词法、语法和语篇等理解生词的能力。
三、信息量加大，对阅读速度的要求提高。在增加语段信息量的同时，设项的表达信息量也有增加。
四、语篇意识加强，设题手法灵活，提问深入。这不仅要求学生理解文章的字面意思，还要求理解文章的内在含义，如段落或文章的主旨、作者的意图等。
五、命题上既注重细节的理解，也重视整体的理解；既重视从语言学角度考查学生的语言知识和语言技能，又重视从心理学的角度考查学生的学*策略。
鉴于此，解答阅读理解题的总体策略应定位于：单句入手，语篇突破，着眼整体，归纳推断。具体的做法是：
第一，准确理解关键句子、关键词语的意义。善于解读难句、猜测生词的词义和语义，注意跨文化语言障碍，避免因粗心大意或理解不准确造成曲解或误解。
第二，抓住语句表达的实质。即不仅能看懂词、句的表面意思，而且能够扑捉到文字背后的引申意义以及作者的态度和倾向，即潜在的深层含义。
第三，要耐心细致地读完全部选项，应按照“误否？虚否？偏否？”的三级思考程序来分析鉴别每一个选项，即先看与文中内容是否相矛盾，再看在文中有没有信息支撑点，最后看能不能完全符合题目的要求，找出差异，然后根据问题的特点和题型确定选项。不要急于求成，使选出的答案似是而非。
第四，要仔细审题。学生由于把主要精力都放在选择正确答案上，因此一旦找到了叙述与短文事实相符的选项，就盲目地选它为答案，忽视了题目到底问什么，从而使所选答案答非所问。
第五，要以语篇事实为依据，理解通篇的逻辑关系，把握住语篇的结构与文脉，在事实的基础上进行合乎逻辑的推理，避免盲目的或无根据的主观臆断。
第六，快速阅读，整体理解。
把握短文实质。
*时要养成良好的阅读*惯，克服逐字停顿、回读等坏*惯。阅读时要有紧迫感，集中注意力，力求一个意群一停顿，甚至一行一停顿。还要有强烈的语篇意识，着重整体理解，要在十分有限的时间内抓住短文要点、搜寻关键词、确定主题句，还要记忆有关细节、理清短文脉络。(作者：北京市英语特级教师周国彪)
1.切忌忽视文章的类别。在开始阅读之前，要判断阅读文章的类别，这样才能做到心中有数。
2.切忌边看问题边查找答案。因为用这种方法难以提高阅读理解的效果，尤其是对于深层理解的文章。应首先浏览全文，了解全文的概貌。看完后，应记住文章的要点，重要的结论以及一些关键性的人名、地点、定义和数字(不同的人名、地点可用铅笔在试卷上分别打上不同的记号，以便查找)等。
3.切忌乱用解题技巧。不同类型的.题目，如事实细节题、词语猜义题、主旨大意题、推理判断题等，都有各自的解题技巧，不能乱用。
4.切忌打乱解题节奏。在考试时一定要掌握好解题速度，有效地控制考试时间，先易后难是考试时答题的一般方法。碰到难题时，千万不要钻牛角尖，耽误太多时问。一时做不出的题，要果断舍弃，以免影响解别的较有把握的题。待全部题解完后，如有剩余时间再回头做放弃的题。
5.切忌每词都不放过。对于一般不影响句子或全文理解的生词，可以放过去，不必务求理解。遇到重要生词时，不要着急，也不要轻易放弃，可以采取根据上下文来猜词或根据构词法猜词等方法来猜出这个词的大致意思。
6.切忌凭空猜测推断。应是立足已知推断未知。
7.切忌主观臆断。不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法。
——中考英语阅读理解及解析 (菁华3篇)
When you want to go shopping, decide how much money you can spend for new clothes. Think about the kind of clothes you really need. Then look for those clothes on sale(销售).
There are labels(标签)inside all new clothes. The labels tell you how to take care of your clothes. The label for a shirt may tell you to wash it in warm water. A sweater label may tell you to wash by washing in cold water. The label on a coat may say "dry clean only." Washing may ruin(损坏)this coat. If you do as the directions(说明)say on the label, you can keep your clothes looking their best. Many clothes today must be dry cleaned. Dry cleaning is expensive. When buying new clothes, check(核实)to see if they will need to be dry cleaned. You will save money if you buy clothes that can be washed.
You can save money if you buy clothes that are well made. Well-made clothes last longer. They look good even after they have been washed many times. Clothes that cost more money are not always better made. They do not always fit(合身)better. Sometime less expensive clothes look and fit better than more expensive clothes.
1.If you want to save money you can buy clothes that _____.
A. don’t fit you
B. don’t last long
C. need to be dry cleaned
D. can be washed
2.The label inside the clothes tell you______.
A. how to keep them looking their best
B. how to save money
C. whether they fit you or not
D. where to get them dry cleaned
3.The first thing for you to do before you buy clothes is ______.
A. to look for well-made clothes
B. to see how much money you can pay
C. to know how to wash them
D. to read the labels inside them
4.We learn from the reading that cheaper clothes ______.
A. are always worse made
B. must be dry cleaned
C. can not be washed
D. can sometimes fit you better
5.The best title(标题) for the reading should be ______.
A. Buying Less Expensive Clothes
B. Taking Enough Money When Shopping
C. Being a Clever Clothes Shopper
D. Choosing the Labels inside New Clothes
【答案与解析】
1.此题为理解题，从第二段Dry cleaning is expensive. You will save money if you buy clothes that can be washed.可以看出C答案不对，又可以从第三段很容易判断出A和B不对。
2.此题为理解题，第二段的第二句话应该被看作主题句。从此句可以看出该题答案选择A。 一般说来，文章的段落常有概括中心思想的主题句，且多位于段首或段末，有时也会夹在中间。对无主题句的篇章，考生应对文章进行分析和归纳，然后概括中心思想。
3.此题为直接题，从文章第一段第一句可以看出答案选B。
4.此题为推理题，文章中虽然没有直接信息，但从文章第二段及第三段很容易推断出A，B，C答案都是错误的。又从第三段最后一句话可以推断出答案选D。
5.此题为概括题，此题考查文章的标题，主要针对文章的主题、中心思想、文章的结构层次(主题句或主题段)，要求学生在理解全文后归纳短文要点，概括中心思想。考生归纳各段的主题句不难发现此题答案选择C。
Perhaps you have heard a lot about the Internet, but what is it, do you know? The Internet is a network. It uses the telephone to join millions of com*rs together around the world.
Maybe that doesn’t sound very interesting. But when you’ve joined to the Internet, there are lots and lots of things you can do. You can send E-mails to your friends, and they can get them in a few seconds. You can also do with all kinds of information on the World Wide Web (WWW).
There are many different kinds of com*rs now. They all can be joined to the Internet. Most of them are small machines sitting on people’s desks at home, but there are still many others in schools, offices or large companies. These com*rs are owned by people and companies, but no one really owns the Internet itself.
There are lots of places for you to go into the Internet. For example, your school may have the Internet. You can use it during lessons or free time. Libraries often have com*rs joined to the Internet. You are welcome to use it at only time.
Thanks to the Internet, the world is becoming smaller and smaller. It is possible for you to work at home with a com*r in front, getting and sending the information you need. You can buy or sell whatever you want by the Internet. But do you know 98% of the information on the Internet is in English? So what will English be like tomorrow?
1. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Internet. B. Information.
C. Com*rs. D. E-mails.
2. Which is the quickest and cheapest way to send messages to your friends?
A. By post. B. By E-mail.
C. By telephone. D. By satellite.
3. Which may be the most possible place for people to work in tomorrow?
A. In the office. B. At school.
C. At home. D. In the company.
4. Whose the owner of the Internet?
A. The headmaster. B. The officer.
C. The user. D. No one.
5. What does the writer try to tell us with the last two sentences?
A. English is important in using the Internet.
B. the Internet is more and more popular.
C. Most of the information is in English.
D. Every com*r must have the Internet.
【答案与解析】
这是一篇关于 Internet 的说明文，它介绍了什么是Internet，Internet 的用途，它的贡献等等。
1. A。主旨题。文章的每一段都谈到了 Internet，所以我们可以推断文章的主要内容是 Internet。
2. B。细节题。在第2段中谈到 You can send E-mail to your friends, and they can get them in a few seconds，相比其他选项，E-mail 当然是最快的。
3. C。细节题。最后一段的第2句讲到 It’s possible for you to work at home with a com*r in front，所以明天我们极有可能 at home 工作了。
4. D。判断题。根据全文我们得知，我们可以在 school, libraries, home 等地方使用 Internet，所有的拥有者是大家，并不是某一个人或某一行业的从业者。
5. A。推断题。最后两句告诉我们：98% of the information on the Internet is in English，也就是说英语在 Internet的应用是非常广泛，非常重要的，除 A 选项外，没有一个选项能全部概括这句话的意思。
中考英语阅读理解模拟试题六
I will always remember my mother's last few days in this world.
On February 14th，2000，my class went on a field trip to the beach. I had so much fun. When we returned to school，my teacher told me to go to the headmaster's office. When I got into the office，I saw a police officer. Suddenly I realized something was wrong. The police officer told me what had happened and we went to pick my sister up. After that，we went to the hospital and waited. Time went slowly. Finally，we got to see our mother. It was terrible.
On the next day，the headmaster came and told my two teachers what had happened. I was taking a rest that day. I knew it had something to do with my mother. I kept thinking that she either died or had gotten better. How I wished that she had gotten better. When my teacher took me outside，my sister ran up to me. She started crying，"She's gone. Teresa，mommy's gone. She's dead." I couldn't believe it. We jumped into the car and drove straight to the hospital. Most of my family were there. The silence was terrible. I knew I had to say goodbye.
Today when I look back，I still miss my mother very much，but I know that I will live. My mother was a strong mother，who had the biggest heart. My mother was an angel walking on the earth. I will always remember her as living. When someone is asked who their hero （英雄） is，they usually say someone famous，like Michael Jordan or Britney Spears. When someone asks me who my hero is，I tell them，my mother. My mother lives every day. That is what makes her a true hero.
根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。
1. Where was the writer when she learned her mother was very ill？
A. On the beach. B. At the hospital.
C. At school. D. At home.
2. Who brought the writer the bad news that her mother was ill？
A. Her sister. B. The headmaster.
C. Her teacher. D. The police officer.
3. What did the headmaster tell the two teachers on the next day？
A. Her mother had been very ill.
B. Her mother had been dead.
C. Her mother had gotten better.
D. Her sister came to see her.
4. From the last paragraph of the passage we know that _______.
A. the writer is afraid of her mother
B. the writer is proud of her mother
C. the writer feels sad about her mother
D. the writer feels sorry for her mother
5. The writer must think her mother is a _______ woman.
A. famous B. free
C. rich D. great
答案与解析
1. 选C.根据短文的第2段句子When we returned to school，my teacher told me to…可知，当我回到学校以后，才得知母亲生病的消息，即当作者得知母亲病重时，当时她is at school（在学校）。
2. 选D.根据第2段的句子The police officer told me what had happened and…可知，老师叫我去校长办公室，但真正告诉我发生了什么事的是the police officer.故答案选D.
3. 选B.在短文的第3段开头讲到了第二天发生的事。校长告诉我的两个老师发生了什么事，然后紧接着借妹妹之口：She's gone. Teresa，mommy's gone. She's dead.使读者知道，校长告诉老师的事是My mother had been dead（我的母亲死了）。
4. 选B.在短文的最后一段，作者反复提到这样的字眼：a strong mother，had the biggest heart，an angel，字里行间都充满着自豪之情。故答案选B.
5. 选D.最后一段说母亲有世界上最宽容的心，她是一位 strong母亲，她是一位真正的英雄，这些都说明了在作者心中母亲很great（伟大）。
——初一英语阅读理解专项练* (菁华3篇)
Teachers Wanted
Are you a teacher? Do you like children? Can you help them with Chinese on weekends? Come to join us. Call John at 378-5788 for more information(信息).
Ping-pong Club
Do you like to play ping-pong? Do you want to play ping-pong well? Mr. Cai can teach you. You can come here every Saturday afternoon.
Tel: 368-5778
Add: Room 212 in School's P.E. Building.
Learning Japanese
Can you speak Japanese? Do you want to learn Japanese? Please join the Japanese Club now. Call Jane at 345-1238.
Time: 8:30 a.m.-l1:00 a.m. (from Monday to Friday)
Musicians Wanted
Are you a music lovers? Can you sing or dance? Can you play any instruments(乐器)? Welcome to our Star Rock Band.
Please call Tina at 898-3443 or send an e-mail to [email protected]
( ) 66. Gina is a good teacher and she wants to find a job. Who may offer(提供)her a job?
A. Tina. B. John. C. Jane. D. Mr. Cai.
( ) 67. You can be in the Japanese club for to learn Japanese from Monday to Friday.
A. 2.5 hours. B. 3.5 hours. C. 4 days. D. 5 days.
( ) 68. If you are a music lover, you want to be a dancer, how can you contact (联系) them?
A. Go to Room 212 in School's P.E. Building. B. Call Jane.
C. Send an e-mail to [email protected] D. Call 368-5778.
( ) 69. Who can teach you to play ping-pong?
A. Tina. B. John. C. Jane. D. Mr. Cai.
( ) 70. Now Vera can speak Japanese well and she teaches children Japanese.She works from Monday to Friday. Can you guess (猜)where she works?
A. The ping一pong Club. B. The star Rock Band.
C. The Teacher Club. D. The Japanese Club.
答案：66-70 BACDD
Monday morning is an important time at our school. All of the students go to the playground.
We listen to music, and we 36 the national flag(**) go up.
Usually, one student gives a talk on Monday mornings. One Monday last year, a boy gave the talk. He was 37 and excited ! When I saw him, I wanted to have a try, too.
Can I really do it
Last week, our teacher said our class should give the talk. My teacher 38 me, "I know you want to have a try. Next Monday, you can give the talk. Go and write something down. 39 for it, I'm sure you'll do well."
"Thank you ," I answered, It was such a great 40 for me ! When I got home , I was excited. I wrote two pages for the talk. I read them again and again. When I read, I asked my parents 41 . I wanted to make my teacher happy.
Monday morning came. I began to feel 42 . When did I last give a talk to 43 many people Never! This was my first time. Could I really 44 it Maybe I couldn't finish the talk.
When I got to school, we all went out to playground. I 45 in front of everyone. I opened my mouth, but I couldn't say anything.
( ) 36. A. watch B. see C. notice D. look at
( ) 37. A. surprising B. proud C. amazed D. careful
( ) 38. A. told B. asked for C. said to D. showed
( ) 39. A. Look out B. Come on C. Take care D. Get ready
( ) 40. A. chance B. news C. time D. message
( ) 41. A. to listen to B. to listen C. listen to D. listen
( ) 42. A. excited B. happy C. nervous D. surprised
( ) 43. A. after B. such C. before D. so
( ) 44. A. do B. speak C. talk D. take
( ) 45. A. stand B. stood C. was standing D. have stood
答案： 36.A watch强调表示看一个动态的过程，如watch TV,watch the play,而see没有强调这个概念;notice是注意，look at强调看的动作;
37.B “他既自豪又激动!” 根据常识，做**下讲话的人，应该45.B 全文的主时态是过去时，此句的下一句也用了过去时;感到自豪。
38.C “我的老师对我说：…”said to 有强调对我说的`概念，其余选项没有。told告诉，asked for请求，show展示;
39.D be/get ready for固定搭配，为……走准备;
40.A “这对我来说是多好的机会啊!”
41.A listen是不及物动词，后面接宾语一点要带介词to;
42.C 根据常识以及下文提示，作者此时应该是“紧张”;
43.D “我从来没有在这么多人面前做过演讲!”so如此地，程度副词;
44.A “我真的能够完成吗?”do 助动词代替实意动词
45.B 全文的主时态是过去时，此句的下一句也用了过去时;
Dear Zhang Qian：
Thank you very much for your letter. You want to know about my favorite sport and instrument. Now I can tell you. Swimming is my favorite sport, and I like volleyball, basketball and ping-pong, Zhang Yining is my favorite player. I am good at playing chess, too. My favorite instrument is the violin. I like to play the violin every weekend. What about you? What's your favorite sport? Do you like to play the violin? Who's your favorite player? And who is your favorite musician? Please tell me. Yours．
Li Bing
( ) 1. This letter is from Zhang Yining.
( ) 2. Zhang Qian wants to know Li Bing's favorite sport and player.
( ) 3. Zhang Qian likes swimming best.
( ) 4. Li Bing plays the violin on weekends.
( ) 5. Li Bing can swim very well, but she can't play chess.
——中考英语阅读理解及解析 (菁华3篇)
When you want to go shopping, decide how much money you can spend for new clothes. Think about the kind of clothes you really need. Then look for those clothes on sale(销售).
There are labels(标签)inside all new clothes. The labels tell you how to take care of your clothes. The label for a shirt may tell you to wash it in warm water. A sweater label may tell you to wash by washing in cold water. The label on a coat may say "dry clean only." Washing may ruin(损坏)this coat. If you do as the directions(说明)say on the label, you can keep your clothes looking their best. Many clothes today must be dry cleaned. Dry cleaning is expensive. When buying new clothes, check(核实)to see if they will need to be dry cleaned. You will save money if you buy clothes that can be washed.
You can save money if you buy clothes that are well made. Well-made clothes last longer. They look good even after they have been washed many times. Clothes that cost more money are not always better made. They do not always fit(合身)better. Sometime less expensive clothes look and fit better than more expensive clothes.
1.If you want to save money you can buy clothes that _____.
A. don’t fit you
B. don’t last long
C. need to be dry cleaned
D. can be washed
2.The label inside the clothes tell you______.
A. how to keep them looking their best
B. how to save money
C. whether they fit you or not
D. where to get them dry cleaned
3.The first thing for you to do before you buy clothes is ______.
A. to look for well-made clothes
B. to see how much money you can pay
C. to know how to wash them
D. to read the labels inside them
4.We learn from the reading that cheaper clothes ______.
A. are always worse made
B. must be dry cleaned
C. can not be washed
D. can sometimes fit you better
5.The best title(标题) for the reading should be ______.
A. Buying Less Expensive Clothes
B. Taking Enough Money When Shopping
C. Being a Clever Clothes Shopper
D. Choosing the Labels inside New Clothes
【答案与解析】
1.此题为理解题，从第二段Dry cleaning is expensive. You will save money if you buy clothes that can be washed.可以看出C答案不对，又可以从第三段很容易判断出A和B不对。
2.此题为理解题，第二段的第二句话应该被看作主题句。从此句可以看出该题答案选择A。 一般说来，文章的段落常有概括中心思想的主题句，且多位于段首或段末，有时也会夹在中间。对无主题句的篇章，考生应对文章进行分析和归纳，然后概括中心思想。
3.此题为直接题，从文章第一段第一句可以看出答案选B。
4.此题为推理题，文章中虽然没有直接信息，但从文章第二段及第三段很容易推断出A，B，C答案都是错误的。又从第三段最后一句话可以推断出答案选D。
5.此题为概括题，此题考查文章的标题，主要针对文章的主题、中心思想、文章的结构层次(主题句或主题段)，要求学生在理解全文后归纳短文要点，概括中心思想。考生归纳各段的主题句不难发现此题答案选择C。
Do you know how to play a game called "Musical Chairs"？ It is easy to play and most people enjoy it. All you need are some chairs， some people and some way of making music. You may use a piano or any other musical instrument， if someone can play it. You may use a tape recorder. You can even use a radio.
Put the chairs in a row. The chairs may be put in twos， back to back. A better way is to have the chairs in one row with each chair facing in the opposite direction to the chair next to it.
The game is easy. When the music starts， the players walk round the chairs. Everyone goes in the same direction， of course， they should walk in time to the music. If the music is fast they should walk quickly. If the music is slow， they should walk slowly.
The person playing music cannot see the people in the game. When the music stops， the players try to sit on the chairs. If a person cannot find a chair to sit on， he drops out. Then， before the music starts again， one chair must be taken away. When the music stops again， one more player will be out.
At last， there will be two players and one chair. The one who sits on the chair when the music stops is the winner.
根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。
1. If ten people are playing musical chairs， you must begin with _______.
A. nine chairs B. ten chairs
C. eleven chairs D. one chair
2. Which of the following is not suitable for playing musical chairs？ _______.
A. A piano B. A radio
C. A tape recorder D. A telephone
3. The chairs should be put _______.
A. with the desks B. before the winner
C. all over the room D. in a line
4. When the music starts,the players must _______.
A. run about the room
B. get down
C. walk around the chairs
D. sit on the chairs
5. Which of the following statements is NOT true？
A. The game "Musical Chairs" is not difficult to learn.
B. The last one can sit on the last chair.
C. The winner can sit on the chair.
D. If the person plays music,he cannot be the winner.
答案与解析
1. 选A.因为在第4段有这样一句If a person cannot find a chair to sit on， he drops out.那么肯定是椅子比人数少1，这样才会有人没得坐，故选A.
2. 选D.在第1段中提到了A、B、C三种可以播放音乐的器具，而D项没有，因为一般来说电话是不能播放音乐的，所以选D.
3. 选D.第2段的Put the chairs in a row就是"把椅子排成一排"这意。选D.
4. 选C.由第3段中的句子When the music starts， the players walk round the chairs.可知答案为C.
5. 选B.本题可用排除法，由第1段第2句It is easy to play 可知道A项正确；由最后一句The one who sits on the chair when the music stops is the winner.可知C项是正确的；由第4段的句子The person playing music cannot see the people in the game可知D项也是正确的。故答案选B.
On the President’s Program
President Arling has put his long awaited economic restructuring program before the Congress. It provides a coordinated program of investment credits, research grants, education reforms, and tax changes designed to make American industry more competitive. This is necessary to reverse the economic slide into unemployment, lack of growth, and trade deficits that have plagued the economy for the past six years.
The most liberal wing of the President’s party has called for stronger and more direct action. They want an incomes policy to check inflation while federal financing helps rebuild industry behind a wall of protective tariffs.
The Republicans, however, decry even the modest, graduated tax increases in the President’s program. They want tax cuts and more open market. They say if federal money has to be injected into the economy, let it through defence spending.
Both these alternatives ignore the unique nature of the economic problem before us. It is not sim* a matter of markets or financing. The new technology allows vastly increased production for those able to master it. But it also threatens those who fail to adopt it with permanent second-class citizenship in the world economy. If an industry
cannot lever itself up to the leading stage of technological advances, then it will not be able to compete effectively. If it cannot do this, no amount of government protectionism or access to foreign markets can keep it profitable for long. Without the profits and experience of technological excellence to reinvest, that industry can only fall still further behind its foreign compe*s.
So the crux is the technology and that is where the President’s program focused. The danger is not that a plan will not be passed, it is that the ideologues of right and left will distort the bill with amendments that will blur its focus on technology. The economic restructuring plan should be passed intact. If we fail to restructure our economy now, we may not get a second chance.
1. The focus of the President’s program is on
[A] investment.
[B] economy.
[C] technology.
[D] tax.
2. What is the requirement of the most liberal wing of the Democratic-party?
[A] They want a more direct action.
[B] They want an incomes policy to check inflation.
[C] They want to rebuild industry.
[D] They want a wall of protective tariffs.
3. What is the editor’s attitude?
[A] support.
[B] distaste.
[C] Disapproval.
[D] Compromise.
4. The danger to the plan lies in
[A] the two parties’ objection.
[B] different idea of the two parties about the plan.
[C] its passage.
[D] distortion.
5. The passage is
[A] a review.
[B] a preface.
[C] a advertisement.
[D] an editorial.
答案详解
1. C 工艺技术。最后一段第一句“问题的症结就在于工艺技术，这就是总统计划的要点所在。”第四段：“对掌握新技术的人来说，新技术使他们大大增产，而新技术对不能掌握它的'人来说，在世界经济中他们面临沦为永久性的二等公民的危险。如果不能做到这一点，那么任何*保护主义，进入国际市场都不能有效地竞争。如果不能有技术优势的利润和经验再投资，工业只能进一步落后于国外竞争对手。”这些都说明总统计划的重点再工艺技术。 A.投资。D.税收。只是总统计划的涉及面。B.经济。太笼统了。
2. A 更直接行动。第二段“总统的党内几段自由翼要求更强硬、更直接行动。他们要求用收入(税收)政策来制止通货膨胀;联邦财政在关税保护下，帮助重建工业。” B.他们需要制止通货膨胀。C.重建工业。D.保护关税墙。都只是他们要求中的不分内容，不完整。
3. A支持。第四、五段集中了评论者的观点，支持的理由和论点。 B.厌恶。C.不赞成。D.调和妥协。
4. D歪曲。最后一段第二句：“其危险不在于计划将不被通过，而在于左和右的思想理论家们用修正案来歪曲提案，使计划要点蒙尘模糊不清，经济重建计划应原封不动地通过。”这是作者的态度，也是他所担心之处。 A.两党的反对。B.两党对计划的不同看法。C.它的通过。
5. D 社论。 A.评论。社论也是评论的一种，但它是报纸主编所撰，常常是有关国内外大事评论。B.前言。C.广告。
——语文阅读理解解题技巧范文10份
文学作品的语言要繁简得当，既不可贪多务得，也不能一味求简。我们细读《木兰诗》，便可以悟出这个道理。
《木兰诗》紧紧围绕着木兰的形象着墨。它有时惜墨似金，写得极简；有时又泼墨如水，尽力铺排。如万里赴戎机，关山度若飞。朔气传金柝，寒光照铁衣。将军百战死，壮士十年归。只六句三十字，便概括了木兰十几年出生入死、保家卫国的战斗生涯，显得何等简练！其中两句写朔风凛冽，刁斗声声；月光映雪，木兰未眠。它通过环境、景物、氛围的描写，渲染出木兰思家的复杂心情和严守岗位的战士气质。尽管边地生活是艰苦的，周围寂静得只听见忽断忽续的刁斗声，木兰和伙伴们却仍然穿着甲胄，随时准备为保卫祖国而战。此情此景，写得有声（北风声、刁斗声）、有色（月色、雪色和铁的反光），多么耐人寻味！真可谓字字千金，一字减它不得。而东市买骏马，西市买鞍鞯，南市买辔头，北市买长鞭四句凡二十字，仅复述了上文市鞍马三字的内容，骤看觉得何等呆板和累赘！但仔细品味一番，又觉得它十分灵活和简洁。因为这么一渲染，木兰及其一家紧张而又周密地准备戎装的气氛便完全烘托出来。正如刘大白在《旧诗新话》中所说：整整的四排句，看去是很板的，其实其间层次分明。因为有骏马而无鞍鞯，不可以骑坐，所以还得买鞍鞯；有鞍鞯而无辔头，不可以控御，所以还得买辔头；有辔头而无长鞭，不可以驱策，所以还得买长鞭。这种东、西、南、北循序铺排的手法，在民歌中固属常见，但是《木兰诗》中用得尤多且活。如旦辞爷娘去以下八句，爷娘闻女来以下六句，雄兔脚扑朔，雌兔眼迷离两句，或依时间（旦、暮），或依辈分（父母、姊、弟），或依性别（雄、雌），都采用循序铺排的方式。正是在这种很容易流于程式化的铺叙中，《木兰诗》却写得风趣横生，兴味淋漓，使情事如见，景物若画。从这方面说，它又像是泼墨如水了。
全诗着力写木兰出征前、征途中和回家后的心理活动，而很少写她在战斗中的英雄业绩。从表面上看，似乎刻画儿女之情多，而描绘英雄之气少。但从实际效果看，诗中所刻画的种种儿女情状，正多方面地丰富了木兰的英雄性格，使这一形象有血有肉，真实动人。如旦辞爷娘去，暮宿黄河边。不闻爷娘唤女声，但闻黄河流水鸣溅溅，一幅少女思亲图，真是呼之欲出。木兰以一女儿身，在多年艰苦的征战生活中，能乔扮男装而不被察觉，已显得异常聪明和机警；在万里关山的殊死争夺中，又能屡建战功而奏凯归来，更显出无比英勇和豪健。在这里，儿女情与英雄气不是相得益彰了吗？
总结：它以浓挚的感情和铺叙、对照、渲染的表现手法，集中地描绘了一个*凡的女子──木兰代父从军和她解甲还乡的不*凡的经历。
解题步骤
1.通读文章，了解主要内容，揣摩中心思想。
2.认真通读所有题目，理解题意，明确题目的要求。
3.逐条解答，要带着问题，仔细地阅读有关内容，认真地思考、组织答案。
4.检查，看回答是否切题，内容是否完整，语句是否通顺，标点是否正确。
主要题型解题方法
一、题型：段意、主要内容的归纳
1.记叙文：回答清楚(什么时间、什么地点)什么人做什么事
格式：(时间+地点)+人+事。
2.说明文：回答清楚说明对象是什么，它的特点是什么，
格式：说明(介绍)+说明对象+说明内容(特点)
3.议论文：回答清楚议论的问题是什么，作者的观点怎样，
格式：用什么论证方法证明了(论证了)+论点
二、选择或概括文章的中心(有很多的问答题都是根据中心解答的)
例如：谈谈你的收获;告诉我们什么道理;你有什么启发
有些文章可以直接在文中找到中心句。
写人的，主要是赞美主人公的某些优秀品质;
写景主要赞美景的美丽可爱。
写物比较复杂一点，单纯写物，就是表达对物的喜欢;
借物喻人和借物喻理的文章，在此类文章的结尾部分，仔细地揣摩，看它那些带有议论性的话，如果有写人的成分，那就是借物喻人;如果有说理的意思，那么一定就是借物喻理。
理解句子的含义
所谓的含义就是蕴含在文章里面的意思，不是一下子就能看出来的，要通过我们仔细的揣摩，采取一找二写的方法来完成。句子的意思有明暗两种。明的就是在文章结束那些议论性的话，你把它拿过来，稍加整理，也能回答。暗的难度大一点，必须在通晓全文的基础之上，把文章中一些重要的事件所反映的思想感情等的关键词摘录出来，用自己的语言表达出来。
某句话在文中的作用
1、文首：开篇点题;总起下文;2、文中：承上启下;总结上文;引起下文
3、文末：点明中心;深化主题;篇末点题;照应开头
修辞手法的运用和作用
1、比喻、拟人：生动形象;答题格式：生动形象地写出了+对象+特性。
2、排比：有气势、加强语气、一气呵成等;答题格式：强调了+对象+特性
3、设问：引起读者注意和思考;答题格式：引起读者对+对象+特性的注意和思考
4、反问：强调，加强语气等;
联系上下问解释词语的意思
方法1、顾名思义，采用扩充关键字的意思，然后连接成一句话
方法2、找近义词的方法，注意要能替代到文中，仍保持通顺
方法3、结合这个词所描述的对象具体描述
*题
猫是捉老鼠的能手。它的耳朵很灵敏，能转来转去，哪怕是极小的声音，它也能及时辩出。猫有一双明亮的眼睛，狡猾的老鼠逃不过它的眼睛。猫的胡须像把尺，能测出各个洞的大小。猫的脚爪上有锋利的爪子，能爬树、跳墙、追捕老鼠。
1、短文有()句话。
2、短文写了猫的()、()、()和()。
3、用“——”划出描写猫的耳朵的句子。
今天，爸爸和我一起到大海边玩。
我在沙滩上走来走去，身后留下一串串脚印。浪花一波一波地打在脚上，我
都快要站不住了。浪花一朵一朵在海面上开放，美丽极了。我还看到一群小鱼在水中游来游去，真是有趣呀!
爸爸说：“大海是船儿的道路。”
我说：“大海是鱼儿的家。”
1、在括号里填上合适的词语。
一()小鱼
一()浪花
一()脚印
一()杜鹃
一()工
一()山沟
2、把短句括号里的词语，准确地加进句子，使它变成长句。
例：海浪打在脚上。(哗啦哗啦地)
海浪哗啦哗啦地打在脚上。
(1)小鱼游来游去。(摇头摆尾地)
(2)浪花蹦蹦跳跳。(在海面上雪白的一排排)
3、大海是什么?照样子，写句子。
例：大海是船儿的道路。
大海是鱼儿的。
大海是渔民的。
初中语文阅读理解解题技巧之天上的街市
【―之天上的街市】，《天上的街市》是现代文学家郭沫若所作的一首诗。全诗恬淡*和，意境优美，清新素朴。
阅读下面的诗歌，完成后面的练*。
远远的街灯明了，
好像闪着无数的明星。
天上的明星现了，
好像点着无数的街灯。
我想那缥缈的空中，
定然有美丽的街市。
街市上陈列的一些物品，
定然是世上没有的珍奇。
你看，那浅浅的天河，
定然是不甚宽广。
那隔着河的牛郎织女，
定能够骑着牛儿来往。
我想他们此刻，
定然在天街闲游。
不信，请看那朵流星，
是他们提着灯笼在走。
4．这首诗的作者是________，原名郭开贞，诗人、学者。代表诗集《________》《星空》等。
5．这首诗有写实，但更多的是想象。请指出诗中的想象部分。
6．想象部分是用哪个字来统领的？
7．想象的东西诗人却说得很肯定，说得似乎确有其事，请说说诗人为什么要这样写？
8．诗中牛郎织女的故事跟传说中的大不一样，诗人为什么要这样处理？
9．请你展开联想想象，运用修辞方法，把“遥望”、“繁星”、“闪烁”这三个词扩展成一段50字左右的文字。（词语顺序不拘）
总结：诗人把繁星满天的夜空，想象为是点着无数街灯的天上街市，又改造了牛郎织女的传说，把空中的流星想象为牛郎织女提着灯笼在街上闲游，用以象征他们的生活的幸福美好，反衬了当时社会的不安稳和人民的痛苦。
阅读
1、先阅读题目
在拿到阅读理解的题目时，人们首先需要阅读的是文章后面的题目，很多人一拿到题目之后，就开始急急的读文章的内容，这是错误的做法，试想一下，有的时候文章篇幅非常的长，如果一上来就开始读文章，很容易导致后面做题的时候，忘记前面阅读的内容，只能再重复读一遍，时间都被白白的浪费掉了。只有先读完题目，然后带着这些问题去阅读文章，这样有目的性的阅读，才能够提高做题的效率。
2、读懂文章的中心思想
阅读文章的时候，还需要把握文章的整体内容与中心思想，只要把握了文章的中心思想，自然做题目的时候，就不会有太多的偏差。
3、仔细研读
一旦涉及到文章的相关段落，就需要仔细的研读，再结合上下文，进行全面的理解，再进行作答。
语文阅读理解解题技巧包括先阅读题目、读懂文章的中心思想以及仔细研读，相信掌握了这些技巧，一定可以迅速的提升大家的解题能力。
反复阅读，感知选文大意
解答阅读理解题阅读是基础。有些同学不论是在*时的练*中还是在考场上，对出现在自己面前的选文总是没有耐心仔细阅读，一目十行之后提笔就答题，其准确率可想而知。记住，浮躁是答题的大忌，你必须静下心来，将你面前的选文通读两至三遍，这时你方能去解答文后的试题。通读之后，该文的文体、大概内容在你的脑海中应有个初步印象。
二、明确基本概念，变简答题为选择题
同我们学*理化学科一样，基本概念的掌握在语文学*中也是非常重要的，有些同学由于对知识点的把握不牢固，常常会弄出张冠李戴的笑话。
当问到这篇说明文选段采用了何种说明顺序时，有的同学回答采用了“总——分”的顺序，这显然是将说明顺序和说明文的结构混为一谈。如果你概念清晰，起码在回答问题时能找到正确的切入点。问到表达方式，你会知道在议论、抒情、记叙、描写、说明中进行选择;提到记叙文的记叙顺序，你会知道答案必在顺叙、倒叙、插叙、补叙之中;谈到议论文的论证方式，那定是立论、驳论二者选一。如此一来，似乎不知如何做答的简答题也简化成了选择题，答题的思路更加清晰。当然，语文学*中的基本概念远远不止以上列举的几种，它需要同学们在*时的学*中有意识地去发现，去积累。采用知识卡片，将*时学到的基本概念记录下来，不失为积累的一种好方法。
三、将问题带回文段中再次阅读
在解答试题时，我们不妨将问题带回文段中，在反复阅读之后，答案有时会清晰可见。同学们会发现，很多时候我们可以用文中的原文加以做答，这样做的好处是不言而喻的，原文的语言有时比我们自己组织的语言要简练、明确、生动。因此，学会在文段中寻找有用信息，是阅读能力中最基本的能力，当遇到考查“这”、“那”、“它”等代词的指代作用时，我们可以用自己所寻找到的答案去替代这些代词，看看文段是否说得通，衔接是否恰当，以此检验答案的正确性。同学们还可以用铅笔将文段中提出问题的句子勾画出来，以明确问题的所在，增强答题的针对性。另外，学会在文中抓中心句，抓关键词也是至关重要的。
四、多做练*，厚积而薄发
任何学科的学*都有一个从量变到质变的过程，没有一定量的积累又从何而来做题时的得心应手?因此，要注重*时对阅读理解能力的训练，如同英语学*中强调语感，你也会在语文学*中发现一些规律。
要会正确地搭配词语，给词语归类。
词语搭配的基本要求是准确。在搭配时，除了要注意词语的搭配是否符合*惯，还要注意近义词意思上的细微差别。做词语归类时关键要读读这些词语，想想这些词所表示的事物可以分为哪几类，再按照一定的类别一个个地写。
【常见题型】
(1)在括号里填上恰当的词语。
(2)将前后搭配得当的词语用线连起来。
(3)选择正确的词语。
(4)将下列词语分类。
(5)按要求写词语。
(6)画出不是同一类的词语。
(7)按顺序排列词语。
要能正确使用成语
成语是我们五年级同学要掌握的一个重要内容，我们要认真掌握课文中的一些成语，还要注意课后的积累，做到不仅会写成语，不写错别字;知道成语的来源(古代神话寓言、历史故事、古代诗文、人民群众的口语)、意思，尤其是其中一些关键字的意思;还能举一反三，灵活运用。
【常见题型】
(1)把下列成语补充完整。
(2)根据意思写成语。
(3)解释成语中加点字的意思。
(4)判断成语是否正确，并改正。
(5)区分成语的感情色彩。
(6)写*义、反义成语。
(7)将成语按要求归类。
(8)按要求写成语(如按来源写，按季节写，按数字写等)
(9)写出成语中的故事、主人翁等。
这篇说明性的课文，向我们介绍了赵州桥的雄伟、坚固和美观。课文语言准确，简练，又不乏生动。
赵州桥非常雄伟，全长50.82米，两端宽9.6咪，中部略窄，宽9米。桥的设计完全合乎科学原理，施工技术更是巧妙绝伦。唐朝的张嘉贞说它制造奇特，人不知其所以为。这座桥的特点是：
（一）全桥只有一个大拱，长达37.4米，在当时可算是世界上最长的石拱。桥洞不是普通半圆形，而是像一张弓，因而大拱上面的道路没有陡坡，便于车马上下。
（二）大拱的两肩上，各有两个小拱。这个创造性的设计，不但节约了石料，减轻了桥身的重量，而且在河水暴涨的时候，还可以增加桥洞的过水量，减轻洪水对桥身的冲击。同时拱上加拱，桥身也更美观。
（三）大拱由28道拱圈拼成，就像这么多同样形状的弓合拢在一起，做成一个弧形的桥洞。每道拱圈都能独立支撑上面的重量，一道坏了，其他各道不致受到影响。
（四）全桥结构匀称，和四周景色配合得十分和谐；就连桥上的石栏石板也雕刻得古朴美观。唐朝的张�|说，远望这座桥就像初月出去，长虹饮涧。赵州桥高度的技术水*和不朽的艺术价值，充分显示了我国劳动人民的智慧和力量。桥的主要设计者李春就是一位杰出的工匠，在桥头的碑文里还刻着他的名字。
1.概括这段文字的大意。选出正确答案，将它的字母填入括号内。
A.说明赵州桥非常雄伟。
B.说明赵州桥的设计完全合乎科学原理，施工技术更是巧妙绝伦。
C.说明赵州桥结构的特点：结构巧，用料省，强度高，形式美。
D.说明赵州桥高度的技术水*和不朽的艺术价值，充分显示了我国劳动人民的智慧和力量。
2.将这段文字划分成三个层次，在文中用‖隔开。
3.作者以准确而生动的语言解说事物特点，或运用比喻，或列举数字，或引用古籍，或举例说明等。分析下边的句子，指出它们各属于哪一种？并指出这些句子分别说明了有关赵州桥的哪一点？
(1)全长五十点八二米，两端宽九点六米，中部略窄，宽九米。
(2)桥洞不是普通的半圆形，而是像一张弓。
(3)唐朝的张嘉贞说它制造奇特，人不知其所以为。
(4)桥的主要设计者李春就是一位杰出的工匠，在桥头的碑文里还刻着他的名字。
(5)唐朝的张�|说，远望这座桥就像初月出云，长虹饮涧。
4.要准确地说明对象，必须用语准确，讲究分寸，体会下边句子中加黑词语的作用。
(1)在当时可算是世界上最长的石拱。
(2)大拱的两肩上，各有两个小拱。
总结：这篇课文，从建筑艺术这个侧面，介绍了中华优秀的传统文化。通过学*这篇课文，激发学生强烈的民族自豪感和爱国情绪。
解题步骤
1.通读文章，了解主要内容，揣摩中心思想。
2.认真通读所有题目，理解题意，明确题目的要求。
3.逐条解答，要带着问题，仔细地阅读有关内容，认真地思考、组织答案。
4.检查，看回答是否切题，内容是否完整，语句是否通顺，标点是否正确。
主要题型解题方法
一、题型：段意、主要内容的归纳
1.记叙文：回答清楚(什么时间、什么地点)什么人做什么事
格式：(时间+地点)+人+事。
2.说明文：回答清楚说明对象是什么，它的特点是什么，
格式：说明(介绍)+说明对象+说明内容(特点)
3.议论文：回答清楚议论的问题是什么，作者的观点怎样，
格式：用什么论证方法证明了(论证了)+论点
二、选择或概括文章的中心(有很多的问答题都是根据中心解答的)
例如：谈谈你的收获;告诉我们什么道理;你有什么启发
有些文章可以直接在文中找到中心句。
写人的，主要是赞美主人公的某些优秀品质;
写景主要赞美景的美丽可爱。
写物比较复杂一点，单纯写物，就是表达对物的喜欢;
借物喻人和借物喻理的文章，在此类文章的结尾部分，仔细地揣摩，看它那些带有议论性的话，如果有写人的成分，那就是借物喻人;如果有说理的意思，那么一定就是借物喻理。
理解句子的含义
所谓的含义就是蕴含在文章里面的意思，不是一下子就能看出来的，要通过我们仔细的揣摩，采取一找二写的方法来完成。句子的意思有明暗两种。明的就是在文章结束那些议论性的话，你把它拿过来，稍加整理，也能回答。暗的难度大一点，必须在通晓全文的基础之上，把文章中一些重要的事件所反映的思想感情等的关键词摘录出来，用自己的语言表达出来。
某句话在文中的作用
1、文首：开篇点题;总起下文;2、文中：承上启下;总结上文;引起下文
3、文末：点明中心;深化主题;篇末点题;照应开头
修辞手法的运用和作用
1、比喻、拟人：生动形象;答题格式：生动形象地写出了+对象+特性。
2、排比：有气势、加强语气、一气呵成等;答题格式：强调了+对象+特性
3、设问：引起读者注意和思考;答题格式：引起读者对+对象+特性的注意和思考
4、反问：强调，加强语气等;
联系上下问解释词语的意思
方法1、顾名思义，采用扩充关键字的意思，然后连接成一句话
方法2、找近义词的方法，注意要能替代到文中，仍保持通顺
方法3、结合这个词所描述的对象具体描述
*题
猫是捉老鼠的能手。它的耳朵很灵敏，能转来转去，哪怕是极小的声音，它也能及时辩出。猫有一双明亮的眼睛，狡猾的老鼠逃不过它的眼睛。猫的胡须像把尺，能测出各个洞的大小。猫的脚爪上有锋利的爪子，能爬树、跳墙、追捕老鼠。
1、短文有()句话。
2、短文写了猫的()、()、()和()。
3、用“――”划出描写猫的耳朵的句子。
今天，爸爸和我一起到大海边玩。
我在沙滩上走来走去，身后留下一串串脚印。浪花一波一波地打在脚上，我
都快要站不住了。浪花一朵一朵在海面上开放，美丽极了。我还看到一群小鱼在水中游来游去，真是有趣呀!
爸爸说：“大海是船儿的道路。”
我说：“大海是鱼儿的家。”
1、在括号里填上合适的词语。
一()小鱼
一()浪花
一()脚印
一()杜鹃
一()工
一()山沟
2、把短句括号里的词语，准确地加进句子，使它变成长句。
例：海浪打在脚上。(哗啦哗啦地)
海浪哗啦哗啦地打在脚上。
(1)小鱼游来游去。(摇头摆尾地)
(2)浪花蹦蹦跳跳。(在海面上雪白的一排排)
3、大海是什么?照样子，写句子。
例：大海是船儿的道路。
大海是鱼儿的。
大海是渔民的。
诗人着力塑造了琵琶女的形象。作者是通过虚构的情节，抓住了要害的。
从开头到犹抱琵琶半遮面，写琵琶女的出场。
首句浔阳江头夜送客，只七个字，就把人物（主人和客人）、地点（浔阳江头）、事件（主人送客人）和时间（夜晚）一一作概括的介绍；再用枫叶荻花秋瑟瑟一句作环境的烘染，而秋夜送客的萧瑟落寞之感，已曲曲传出。惟其萧瑟落寞，因而反跌出举酒欲饮无管弦。无管弦三字，既与后面的终岁不闻丝竹声相呼应，又为琵琶女的出场和弹奏作铺垫。因无管弦而醉不成欢惨将别，铺垫已十分有力，再用别时茫茫江浸月作进一层的环境烘染，就使得忽闻水上琵琶声具有浓烈的空谷足音之感，无怪乎主人忘归客不发，要寻声暗问弹者谁、移船相*邀相见了。
从夜送客之时的秋萧瑟、无管弦、惨将别一转而为忽闻、寻声、暗问、移船，直到邀相见，这对于琵琶女的出场来说，已可以说是千呼万唤了。但邀相见还不那么容易，又要经历一个千呼万唤的过程，她才肯出来。这并不是她在拿身份。正象我渴望听仙乐一般的琵琶声，是直欲摅写天涯沦落之恨一样，她千呼万唤始出来，也是由于有一肚子天涯沦落之恨，不便明说，也不愿见人。
总结：诗人正是抓住这一点，用琵琶声停欲语迟、犹抱琵琶半遮面的肖像描写来表现她的难言之痛的。
阅读理解题主要用来测试学生的阅读速度、理解能力和记忆能力。内容广泛，题材各异。
要掌握常用的字、词、句、段、篇的基本知识 阅读就是要通过与字、词、句、段、篇打交道，从中获取知识，如果不掌握这些知识，那么，阅读就变成看天书了。 中学生如能掌握5000个字，阅读一般文章就问题不大了。有的学生之所以阅读能力差，就是因为没掌握足够数量的字、词（主要是实词）和词组的表达概念，而概念是思维的细胞。
句是用词按一定的语法规律联结而成的语言单位，一般用来表达判断，表达相对完整的思想。对句的理解不单要求掌握词义，还要求掌握语法。没有语言，思维就不存在了，由此可见，阅读的重重困难，往往是由不识字词，看不懂句子的意思带来的。因此认真学好语文，在阅读中有意识地丰富自己的语言知识是十分重要的。
科学家用他们的亲身体会，明确地指出了学好语文的重要性。 有一位数学家说：很难想象一个文理不通、错字连篇的人，能把逻辑严谨的数学内涵表达出来。我还觉得学好语文对训练一个人的思维很有帮助，可以使思想更有条理。这些，对我后来学好数学都有很大好处。
总结：我从小打好的语文基础，对我学*其他学科提供了很大的方便。
1、某段或某句在文中的作用题型
在首段——总领全文、首尾呼应、设置悬念，激发读者的阅读兴趣，为下**铺垫、与下文进行对比，反衬出……。
文章中间——承上启下、引起下文
文章末尾——总结全文、点明中心，深化主旨、首尾呼应、篇末点题
2、概括某段大意
(1)要准确地概括出段意，首先要读懂段落中每一句话的意思，还要弄清楚段内各句之间的相互关系，找出能揭示全段意思的主要句子，即所谓中心句(中心句的位置多数在段首或段末，个别也有在段中的)。没有中心句的，要在理清句与句之间关系的基础上抓住贯穿全段的中心意思，用自己的话准确概括。
(2)摘句法，即摘出段落中的中心句。例如《我的老师》中第二自然段，就可摘取其中的“她从来不打骂我们”一句来概括段意。
(3)概述法，用自己的语言概述全段的主要意思。例如《故乡》的第二部分，内容十分丰富，记述的人物事件多，可用自己的话概括：“我”回到故乡的所见、所闻、所感。”
(4)联合法。有些段落讲的不止一个意思，概括时必须用筒练的语言把几个意思表述出来，缺一不可，这就是联合内容要点加以概述。例如《记一辆纺车》的第四段，就要综合三层意思：纺线使衣着自给，纺线使大家爱惜自己制作的衣服,纺线使大家形成了新的美的观念。
3、概括全文的主要内容
谁——(为了什么)——做了什么——(结果怎样)
4、说说主人公思想性格变化题型
关键要答出“变”来，如：他从以前的……变得……
5、五种表达方式：记叙、描写、说明、议论、抒情
记叙文中的议论是作者在记叙中对所记事物发表自己的看法。或赞扬，为什么赞扬;或反对，为什么反对。
记叙文中的抒情是作者在记叙的过程中对所记事物抒发自己的感情。它一般可分为两大类：直接抒情和间接抒情(托物言志、借景抒情)。
6、文中某句话有什么含义?
或告诉我们什么深刻的道理?请说说你的理解。
问题的回答不是简单地从文中寻找现成的句子就可以解决的，这需要我们的同学*时多读多看多积累，多看并记住一些富有哲理性的名言警句，这样才能真正地理解文章的意思，丰富回答内容，用自己的语言把自己对文章的理解准确地表达出来。说明文的阅读理解。
本文记叙了(描写了)……的故事(事迹、经过、事件、景物)，表现了(反映了、歌颂了、揭露了、批判了)……的思想(性格、精神、实质)，抒发了作者的……的感情。
解题步骤
1.通读文章，了解主要内容，揣摩中心思想。
2.认真通读所有题目，理解题意，明确题目的要求。
3.逐条解答，要带着问题，仔细地阅读有关内容，认真地思考、组织答案。
4.检查，看回答是否切题，内容是否完整，语句是否通顺，标点是否正确。
主要题型及解题方法
一、题型：段意、主要内容的归纳
1.记叙文
回答清楚(什么时间、什么地点)什么人做什么事。
格式：(时间+地点)+人+事。
2.说明文：
回答清楚说明对象是什么，它的特点是什么。
格式：说明(介绍)+说明对象+说明内容(特点)
3.议论文：
回答清楚议论的问题是什么，作者的观点怎样。
格式：用什么论证方法证明了(论证了)+论点。
二、选择或概括文章的中心
有很多的问答题都是根据中心解答的，例如：谈谈你的收获;告诉我们什么道理;你有什么启发。
有些文章可以直接在文中找到中心句。写人的，主要是赞美主人公的某些优秀品质。写景主要赞美景的美丽可爱。写物比较复杂一点，单纯写物，就是表达对物的喜欢;借物喻人和借物喻理的文章，在此类文章的结尾部分，仔细地揣摩，看它那些带有议论性的话，如果有写人的成分，那就是借物喻人，如果有说理的意思，那么一定就是借物喻理。
三、理解句子的含义
所谓的含义就是蕴含在文章里面的`意思，它不是一下子就能看出来的，要通过我们仔细地揣摩，采取一找二写的方法来完成。
句子的意思有明暗两种：明的就是在文章结束那些议论性的话，你把它拿过来，稍加整理，也能回答;暗的难度大一点，必须在通晓全文的基础之上，把文章中一些重要的事件所反映的思想感情，用自己的语言表达出来。
四、某句话在文中的作用
1.文首：开篇点题;总起下文。
2.文中：承上启下;总结上文;引起下文。
3.文末：点明中心;深化主题;篇末点题;照应开头。
五、修辞手法的运用和作用
1.比喻、拟人：生动形象;答题格式：生动形象地写出了+对象+特性。
2.排比：有气势、加强语气、一气呵成等;答题格式：强调了+对象+特性。
3.设问：引起读者注意和思考;答题格式：引起读者对+对象+特性的注意和思考。
4.反问：强调，加强语气等。
六、联系上下文解释词语的意思
方法1：顾名思义，扩充关键字的意思，然后连接成一句话。
方法2：找近义词的方法，注意要能替代到文中，仍保持通顺。
方法3：结合这个词所描述的对象具体描述。
七、选择正确的读音
一般出现的是多音字，根据自己的积累和文章中的词语作出恰当的选择。
八、选择恰当的字词
1.仔细阅读字词所在的句子，了解句意，揣摩作者的写作目的。
2.认真分辨两个词语的区别是什么。
九、标点符号的作用
1.破折号的作用
①解释说明
②话题的转换
③表示话语的中断
④时间或声音的延续
2.省略号的作用
①引文的省略
②列举的省略
③说话断断续续
3.引号的作用
①直接引用
②特殊含义
③强调意思
④特定称谓
十、给文章加上恰当的题目
1.根据文章的主要事件、主要人物，加上简短的修饰语。(比较保险)
2.根据文章的中心，用中心词作为题目。
十一、文章的写作顺序
1.时间先后顺序
2.地点变换的顺序
3.事情发展的顺序
4.按总分、总分总、先分后总的顺序
十二、填上合适的关联词
1.并列
一面……一面……
一会儿……一会儿……
既……又……
2.递进
不仅……而且……
不但……还……
连……也……
3.选择
不是……就是……
或是……或是……
宁可……也不……
4.转折
尽管……可是……
虽然……但是……
却……
然而……
5.假设
如果……就……
假使……便……
要是……那么……
6.条件
只要……就……
只有……才……
无论……都……
不管……也……
7.因果
因为……所以……
由于……因此……
既然……那么……
——中考英语阅读理解解题技巧优选【五】份
一、解题思路
(一)先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。
(二)快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。
(三)细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的'关键，应特别注意以下几点：
1. 抓住四个"W"和一个"H"，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What (事件)，When(时间)，Where(地点)，Why(原因)，How(经过)划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。
2.抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。14年中考英语阅读理解解题技巧
3. 注意领会文章的寓意。
4.根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文(不是重读一遍)，迅速找出依据，予以排除。常用的解题方法有如下几种：
① 直接解题法。即从原文中直接找出答案。
② 归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。
③ 综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合推理及至计算，最后归纳出正确答案。
题干中有"suggest, conclude, conclusion, probably, reason, because, according to“等字眼时，属于推断概括型，考查内容着眼于全篇，考生应具备一定的分析归纳，推理等逻辑思维能力。
④ 捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。
⑤ 转换解题法。即原文这么说，而在问题和所给选项中则用另外的词去转换一种说法，但仍表示同一含义。
⑥ 排除法。根据语言，句法结构，信息词和常识，在没有把握的选项中用排除法得出正确答案。
四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原文读一遍;用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。
二、题型分类
初中英语阅读理解往往有以下三大题型，抓住它的解法和思路，就可以顺利做好这些题目：
(一)选择符合文章的选项
(二)判断正误
(三)根据文章内容回答问题，现今该题型归纳在任务型阅读中，此处不做详解。
此类题的关键是要注意原文出现的语句不是我们做出的推理判断，而是原文给出的细节信息，所以原文语句不能选。判断时对已知的事实仔细评价后做出的合理决定并非唯一决定，要对事实进行合乎情理的判断，有时还需借助常识进行判断。
推理判断题分两种，即对细节的推理和对主旨的推理。主要以We can infer / im*** / learn from this passage that ……等进行提问。解决此类题要注意，一是与原文相同的细节不能选，二是文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断。解题过程中只要注意上述两点，再结合做细节和主旨的方法，即可以做出推理判断题。
学*方法，并没有统一的规定，因个人条件不同，时代不同，环境不同，选取的方法也不同。下面和小编一起来看中考英语阅读理解解题技巧，希望有所帮助！
题型特点
细节题占阅读理解的比例很大，阅读时要特别注意以下几点：
1、阅读时，必须以原文提供的事实、细节和逻辑关系为依据，切忌把自己的观点和看法与原文或作者的观点、看法混为一谈。
2、文章中的数字、日期、时间都是设题的重点，此类题目很少是文章中表层出现的数字或日期，通常需要做简单的计算。
解题方法
1、跳读查找法
这个方法的要点在于先看题干，带着问题读文章。以what，who，where，when，why，how提问的问题，可以从文章中直接找到答案。做这类题时可以边读边做记号，能加强阅读的针对性，提高做题的准确率，节省宝贵的时间，另外，运用跳读查找法解题时，要特别注意试题以及选项与原文之间的适当变换。中考中很少有直接用原文中的句子进行考查和测试的，通常要进行一定的处理，而这种“处理”主要就是进行语义转换，其中包括同义变换、概念解析、归纳事实等。
2、排除法
排序题也属于细节理解题的一种题型，它通常出现在说明文中。这类文章有明显的信息词，如first，afterthat，afterwards，later，next，second，third，then，finally等。按照信息词的提示阅读，可以加快理解的进程。在做细节排序题时，首先要确定首或尾的`答案，通常四个选项中会有两个选项的顺序类似，正确答案往往在这两个选项中选择，找到两者的不同之处，回到原文，进行核对，一旦确定，后面的排序就不用再比较了。
3、简单计算法
数字计算题也是细节理解题的一种，要求对文章中提到的数据进行简单的加减乘除运算，以便得出符合题目要求的数据。解答这类题目时，首先要弄清题干的要求是什么，然后找到与它相关的数字，再对它们进行分析、整合，最后计算出正确答案。
新课程标准有关阅读最基本的要求是“能从一般性文章中获取和处理主要信息”。对这种“获取和处理主要信息”能力的考查，主要采用的方式就是细节判断。这类题在阅读理解题中占据半壁江山，做好这类题是确保基础分的关键。同时，弄清细节，正确获取信息，也是把握文章主旨的前提。因此，要特别重视做好这类题。
1、细节事实题题干常见的问句形式
1)True or NOT true 是非判断类型Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? Which of the following statements is NOT true? Which of the following is NOT considered as……? According to the passage， which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the reasons for……?
2)特殊疑问词提问类型How many……?What/who/when/where/how/why……?
3)排序题类型Which of the orders is correct according to the passage?
4)例证题类型The author gives the example in……paragraph in order to ……
5) 表唯一细节概念题类型：……the most / ~est …………the only ……
2、细节事实题的解题方法：
做这类题的一般方法是先要找出题干或是选项中的关键字，一般为数字、大写或人名地名，再通过scanning快速确定该细节在文中的出处(信息源)，仔细对照题干要求，排除或选择。命题者在出这类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的'手法来迷惑考生，即对原句细微处做改动，截取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，把A的观点说成B的观点等。所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是关键。细节事实题还要十分注意句子的非主干成分，如定语、状语、补语等，这些成分都是出题者常进行误导的落脚点。
是非判断一般都遵循对照选项进行“三对一错或三错一对”的判断。若该信息句是长句或难句，要学会找出其主干部分，分析句子结构，正确理解信息句的意义。一定要注意的是，要所答是所问，不要受到惯势思维的影响，*惯性地去选择正确的细节事实，切记要弄清问题，不要所答非所问。
例证题一定要注意以for example……，such as……等关键入手处，找出细节出处。排序题要先仔细观察选项，找出首尾相同的选项分组，进而通过具体细节信息比较进行排除和选择。唯一细节题一定要仔细审题，弄清题干所需。特别需要提醒的是，选项中出现有most (最高级)、the only(唯一)、all(所有)、none(全否)修饰的细节，都具有绝对性，选择判断时要慎选。
主旨大意
此类题型用以考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。其中一类题型为主旨问题。
1、主旨大意题题干常见的问句形式
1)主旨句设问类型What is the main idea of this passage?What does the passage maily talk about?We can conclude / learn from the passage that ……
2)最佳标题选择类型The best title for this passage is ……
3)作者主旨意图类型What does the writer want to tell us?Which can express the purpose of the writer according to the passage?
2、主旨大意题的解题方法
主旨大意题一定要注意文章的首尾两段。如果首尾两段的主旨表达是一致的，那么文章的主旨便是两段重复表明的语句内容表达。找出选项中与归纳的主旨表达重复最多的选项即为最佳答案。如果首尾两段的主旨表达不一致，则需要观察文章的段落篇幅量是倾向于首段或是尾段，从而确定主旨段落。在此过程中，观察篇幅量只需跳读文章段落的首句尾句即可，无需细读段落内容，以节省时间。如果文章只有一段，则注意文章的首两句及尾句，然后用以上的方法确定主旨句。
此外，标题选择即为主旨句的压缩表达，注意抓住主旨句进行主要词汇的提炼，把一个句子提炼为几个关键词，即是对主旨大意进行概括归纳的标题。而作者意图表达必须通过归纳中心主题才才能找到，通常体现为advise，convince，present，propose，warn等。
推理判断
此类题的关键是要注意原文出现的语句不是我们做出的推理判断，而是原文给出的细节信息，所以原文语句不能选。判断时对已知的事实仔细评价后做出的合理决定并非唯一决定，要对事实进行合乎情理的判断，有时还需借助常识进行判断。
推理判断题分两种，即对细节的推理和对主旨的推理。主要以We can infer / im*** / learn from this passage that ……等进行提问。解决此类题要注意，一是与原文相同的细节不能选，二是文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断。解题过程中只要注意上述两点，再结合做细节和主旨的方法，即可以做出推理判断题。
词义猜测题
词义猜测是利用上下文语境对某些生词、难句做出推测和判断。该题旨在考查学生根据上下文推断词汇的能力，因而，所考单词的意义通常超出大纲范围。常见形式有：The word / phrase…… means / refers to……From the passage，we can infer the word…… is closest in meaning to……What does the word…… in paragraph……mean?
要做好此类题，要注意，第一要熟练掌握大纲单词，*时注意积累生词和短语。第二，要把词放到句子里，把句子放在句群里。第三，注意词、句的位置，确定结构关系。第四，要善于利用连词、代词及词性、同义词法、反义词法等进行判断选择。
1、分门别类识别文体
记叙文阅读主要抓四大要素，即时间、地点、人物和事件的起因、发展和结果，以及人物之间的关系、表现，从中分析他们思想品质、性格特征等;
议论文是阐明作者对人或事的好坏的立场观点，因此在阅读时必须正确把握文章的论点和论据，理清论证思路，再进行逻辑推理得出结论;
应用文是最贴*日常生活的`文体，它包括通知、广告、便条、申请书、个人简历，形式多样，题材各异，如图示、表格、地址、网址等，对这类文体的阅读应简明扼要地抓住所需信息，理解文章内容。
2、统览全篇摘录要点
阅读理解是对整个文章的目的、意图、观点、立场、态度以及内在的逻辑关系的理解，而不是断章取义的一孔之见，所以统览全篇和问题是很有必要的，这些问题会给你提供信息或暗示文章中的一些重要细节。
在统览全篇的同时要注意要点的摘录，因为一些显性的答案是可以从要点中直接回答，而隐性的答案则是要通过对全篇的理解才能得出。摘录要点亦有利于检查时节省时间。
3、开动脑筋推测词意
初中英语教学基本要求规定，学生能根据上下文推测词义，并能不借助词典读懂含有3%生词的语言材料，换言之，这就是促使学生的知识内化的过程，学生要通过知识内化将内隐的心理活动转换为外显的行为，可以借助以下的几种方法完成内化过程：
(1)根据上下文猜测词意。
(2)根据构词法猜测词意。
前缀un-表反义词，如happy、unhappy;fair、unfair;important、unimportant等。
后缀- ment表名词，如develop、development;state、statement;argue、argument等。
后缀-er、-or或-ist表同源名词，如calculate、calculator;visit、visitor;law、lawyer;wait、waiter;science、scientist;art、artist等。
4、用知识和生活经验理解短文
如根据化学知识，可以理解科普读物Water is made from oxygen and hydrogen;根据生活经验可以理解Green plants let out oxygen and breathe in carbon dioxide.
还 有一种方法是根据逻辑推理理解短文。逻辑推理实际上就是文章的“弦外之音”、“言下之意”。如一道中考模拟卷阅读问题， Then they came to the second picture. The assistant was going to draw the cloth as he did before. As soon as he touched the cloth, he cried, “Wonderful It's the best picture I have ever seen!” 据此可以推断出第二张画画的是一块布。
5、条分缕析理解长句
长句是初中生阅读理解的难点之一，长句中通常包含并列、复合、倒装等结构，对于这类句子要分清主次，先找出句子的主、谓、宾、定、状、补，再找出修饰它的从句或短语等。
如，Parents whose children show a special interest in a particularsport have a difficult decision to make about their children's career.
先找出本句的主、谓、宾为Parents have a decision.
再 找出修饰语Whose children show a special interest in a particular sport为Parents的定语从句，difficult修饰decision，to make about their children's careers为不定式做decision的定语。
经过分析，化整为零，化繁为简，此句就不难理解了。
