be pleased with …; be delighted in doing…;
take a pleasure in doing; be worried about;
feel surprised at …
be sorry for …; be angry with sb for sth;
be angry about …(为某事生气);
look forward to doing…; wish to do; expect to do;
long for (long to do); be sick for one’s home;
have a strong desire to do …;
have the habit of doing…; have no trouble doing;
make up one’s mind to do;
prepare sb for …; give up doing…; do sth as usual;
do what he wants us to do; set about doing;
try one’s best to do…=go all out to do;
get into trouble; help sb out; do one’s bit for New China;
wait for sb to do; find a way to do; make friends with sb;
show (tell) sb. how to do…; take (send) sb to …;
I’m trying to find…;
I’m afraid we are out of …;
pass the time doing; feel a little excited about doing…;
can’t help doing…; do some good deeds to people;
be prepared for more hard work;
Some are doing A, others are doing B, and still others are doing C.
would like to do; allow sb to do;
keep sb from doing (prevent sb. from doing);
call on sb to do; be afraid to do (be afraid of …);
fee like doing; insist on doing; drive sb. off;
speak highly of sb; speak ill of sb; think highly of sb;
force sb to do; offer to do; refuse to do; agree to do;
regret doing;
prefer to do A rather than do B; had better do;
would rather (not) do.
look around for …; look up (down) at …; catch sight of …;
take a look at …; hear sb do (doing); take notice of …;
take view of …; have a good understanding of …;
consider sb (sth) to be …; come to know…;
realize that …; know that +从句
- A -
a big headache 令人头痛的事情
a fraction of 一部分
a matter of concern 焦点
a series of 一系列，一连串
above all 首先，尤其是
absent from 不在，缺*
abundant in 富于
account for 解释
accuse sb of sth 控告
add to/add up to 增加
after all 毕竟，究竟
agree with 同意
ahead of time/schedule 提前
ahead of 在
alien to 与
all at once 突然，同时
all but 几乎;除了
all of a sudden 突然
all over again 再一次，重新
all over 遍及
all right 令人满意的;可以
all the same 仍然，照样的
all the time 一直，始终
angry with sb at/about sth 生气，愤怒
anxious about/for 忧虑，担心
anything but 根本不
apart from 除
appeal to 吸引，申诉，请求
applicable to 适用于
ap*** to 适用
appropriate for/to 适当，合适
approximate to *似，接*
apt at 聪明，善于
apt to 易于
around the clock 夜以继日
as a matter of fact 实际上
as a result(of) 因此，由于
as a rule 通常，照例
as far as ... be concerned 就...而言
as far as 远至，到...程度
as follows 如下
as for 至于，关于
as good as 和
as if 好像，防腐
as regards 关于，至于
as to 至于，关于
as usual 像*常一样，照例
as well as 除
as well 同样，也，还
ashamed of 羞愧，害臊
aside from 除
ask for the moon异想天开
at a loss 茫然，不知所措
at a time 一次，每次
at all costs 不惜一切代价
at all events 不管怎样，无论如何
at all times 随时，总是
at all 丝毫(不)，一点也不
at any rate 无论如何，至少
at best 充其量，至多
at first sight 乍一看，初看起来
at first 最初，起先
at hand 在手边，在附*
at heart 内心里，本质上
at home 在家，在国内
at intervals 不时，每隔
at large 大多数，未被捕获的
at last 终于
at least 至少
at length 最终，终于
at most 至多，不超过
at no time 从不，决不
at one time 曾经，一度;同时
at present 目前，现在
at someone's disposal 任
at the cost of 以
at the mercy of 任凭
at the moment 此刻，目前
at this rate 照此速度
at times 有时，间或
aware of 意识到
- B -
back and forth 来回地，反复地
back of 在
back up 后备，支援
bare of 几乎没有，缺乏
be able to do 能够
be around 差不多
be available to sb 可用，可供
be bound to 一定
be capable of doing 能够
be concerned with 关心…，涉足…
be dying to 渴望
be fed up with/be tired of 受够了
be in hospital 住院
be in season 上市的
be in the mood to do sth 想做
be pressed for time 时间不够
be tied up with 忙于
be under the weather 身体不好
beat around the bush 拐弯没角
beat the crowd 避开人群
before long 不久以后
behind schedule 误点
bent on sth 下定决心做…
beside point 离题的，不相干的
beyond one's ability 超越某人的能力
beyond question 毫无疑问
book on reserve 须留的图书
booked up 订完了
bound for 开往
break down 抛锚
break though 突破
break up with/be through with/be finished with 和某人分手
bring about 使…发生
bring someone up to date/help someone catch up 帮某人赶上
by accident 偶然
by air 通过航空途径
by all means 尽一切办法，务必
by and by 不久，迟早
by chance 偶然，碰巧
by far 最，...得多
by hand 用手，用体力
by itself 自动地，独自地
by means of 用，依靠
by mistake 错误地，无意地
by no means 决不，并没有
by oneself 单独地，独自地
by reason of 由于
by the way 顺便说说
by virtue of 借助，由于
by way of 经由，通过
- C -
call off 取消
call on 号召，邀请，点某人的名，拜访
capable of 能够
careful of/about/with 小心，注意
certain of /about 确信，肯定
chair a meeting 主持会议
charge sb with sth 控告
clear of 没有，不接触
clever at 善于
close to 接*，亲*
come in contact with 与…取得联系
come out of sth alive 大难不死
come up (with) 提出，拿出
comparable to/with 比作/比较
conscious of 察觉到，意识到
consequent on 随之而来
considerate towards 体谅，体贴
contemporary with 与
content with 满足于
contrary to 违反
cost someone an arm and a leg 代价很大
count down 倒计时
count one's chickens before they are hatched 过于乐观
count on 依靠
count the day 期待
counter to 与
crazy about 热衷，着迷
critical of 挑剔，批评
cry in one's beer 借酒消愁
cry on one's shoulder 依靠
curious about 好奇，想知道
cut down on 减少
cut down 削减
cut in 插入
cut off 切断
cut out 切除
cut someone short 打断
cut through 抄*路
cut up 切碎
- D -
die out 灭绝
distinct from 种类(风格)不同
do the laundry 洗衣服
doubtful of /about 怀疑
drop by / in 顺路拜访
due to 由于，因为
- E -
each other 互相
easier said than done 说起来容易做起来难
east of 在
equal to 相等，胜任
equivalent to 等于，相当于
essential to/for 必不可少
even if/though 即使，虽然
ever so 非常，极其
every now and then 时而，偶尔
every other 每隔一个的
except for 除了
expert at/in/on 善于
- F -
face to face 面对面地
faculty members 教职员工
faithful to 忠实于
fall flat *躺在地上
familiar to sb 为
familiar with sth 熟悉，通晓
far from 远非，远离
fatal to 致命的
favorable to 支持，赞成
fearful of 惧怕
feel at home 熟悉
feel blue 心情不好
feel free to 随便
figure out sth 解决
fit for 适于
flat tire 轮胎没气
fond of 喜欢
for ever 永远
for good 永久地
for the better 好转
for the moment/present 暂时，目前
for the sake of 为了，为了...的利益
for the time being 暂时，眼下
foreign to 非
free of/from 未受
free with 慷慨，大方
from time to time 有时，不时
full up 客满
- G -
get a bargain 买到便宜货
get nowhere with 毫无进展
get over 恢复
get used to *惯于
give off 发出
give someone a big hand 为某人鼓掌
give someone a hand 帮忙
go about sth 开始做…
go after 追求
go ahead 同意做某事
go by 遵守
go down 下降，往下传
go for 竭尽全力做
go into 进入，开始从事
go off 出发
go out 熄灭，外出
go over 复*，从头到尾检查一遍
go round/around 足够分配
go sightseeing 去观光
go steady with 和某人确定关系
go through 从头到尾
go without 单独
guilty of 有
- H -
had better 最好
hand in hand 手拉手，密切关联
hang up 挂断
have one's hands full 忙得不可开交
have the final say 有决定权
head on 迎面地，正面的
heart and soul 全心全意地
hold out for sth 坚持要求
hold up 坚持
hold water 站得住脚
how about... 怎么样
how come 怎么会
hungry for 渴望
——高考英语作文常用短语 40句菁华
1、保护环境to protect the environment
2、松散身心to relax oneself
3、守信用to keep ones promise
4、贡献国家to contribute oneself to the country
5、作笔记to take notes
6、面临困难to be confronted with the difficulty
7、走快捷方式to cut the corner
8、注意卫生 to emphasize the importance of hygiene
9、美化环境 to beautify the environment
10、占用人行道 to occupy the sidewalk
11、缓和悲伤 to ease ( alleviate ) the sorrow
12、告辞 to take ones leave
13、跟随流行 to follow the fashion
14、存钱 to deposit money
15、英文很好 to have a good command of English
16、喜爱艺术 to have a great liking for arts
17、有...才能 to have a talent for
18、选择 to make a choice
19、记日记 to keep a diary
20、增加生活的情趣 to increase the pleasures of life
21、宣泄久积的情绪 to release the pent-up feelings
22、达到目标 to achieve the aim
23、感到满意 to be pleased, satisfied
24、进步 to make progress
25、统一* to reunify China
26、改过自新 to turn over a new leaf
27、let the cat out of the bag泄露秘密
28、look for / hunt for 找工作
29、lost the point弄错
30、mad with因...发狂
31、mistake a for b 认错
32、no less than 不少于...;不亚于
33、no longer 不再
34、no more than 至多,同...一样不
35、on account of 由于
36、on hand 在场,在手边
37、on loan to借给
38、on occasion(s) 有时,间或
39、on purpose 故意地
40、on the road 在旅途中
——英语常用短语通用五篇
11. Catch-22
读过美国作家 Joseph Heller小说Catch-22吗? 在当代英语中catch-22作为一个独立的单词，使用频率也是非常高的。Catch-22现在用来形容任何自相矛盾、不合逻辑的规定或条件所造成的无法脱身的困境。
Joseph Heller的小说Catch-22(《第二十二条军规》)中有这样一段对话：
Yossarian looked at him soberly and tried another approach. "Is Orr crazy?" "He sure is," Doc Daneeka said. "Can you ground him?" "I sure can. But first he has to ask me to. That's part of the rule." "Then why doesn't he ask you to?" "Because he's crazy," Doc Daneeka said. "He has to be crazy to keep flying combat missions after all the close calls he's had. Sure, I can ground Orr. But first he has to ask me to." "That's all he has to do to be grounded?" "That's all. Let him ask me." "And then you can ground him?" Yossarian asked. "No. Then I can't ground him." "You mean there's a catch?" "Sure there's a catch," Doc Daneeka replied. "Catch-22. Anyone who wants to get out of combat duty isn't really crazy."
此时摆在他们面前的就是一个自相矛盾的前提条件，具体地说，如果 Orr 真的神志不清，他完全可以不去执行这次飞行任务。此时他所要做的就是提出停飞申请;但一旦他真的提出申请，也就表明他并未神志不清，他必须去执行这次飞行任务;如果 Orr 真的神志不清，他就会去执行更多的飞行任务;而如果他是清醒的，他肯定不会这样做，但如果他是清醒的，他又必须去执行这次飞行任务;如果他愿意去执行飞行任务，就表明他神志不清，此时他根本无须去执行飞行任务;但如果他不愿意去执行飞行任务，就表明他的神志是清醒的，此时他就必须去执行这次飞行任务。简单而又荒唐的逻辑，他们不就是碰到了一个 Catch-22吗?
又例如，如果我是一位还没有发表过作品的作家，也就是说，我的作品没有在出版社出版过;我拿着我的作品去出版社商讨出版问题，出版社的人却对我说，他们不替没有发表过作品的人出版作品。如果所有的出版社都给我同样的答复，我岂不是就遇上catch-22了!
12.Close to the vest
Close to the vest 有很多异体形式， "playing/keeping it close to the/your vest/chest", 但最早它从一个更长地短语演变而来 "playing your cards close to the vest"。这些短语从字面上看就是"把自己手上的牌紧紧地拿在胸口，以防别人偷看"的意思。我们一起来探究一下它是如何发展为"(做事)小心、谨慎"的意思。
把牌紧紧地拿在胸口防止他人偷看，就是为了使别人不能从战术上占便宜，所以在游戏中，你会小心翼翼，不让你的对手和他可能的同伙站在你的身后。Sinclair Lewis 在他的作品Babbitt中使用了这个短语，背景是在一男子俱乐部：He was a large man with hair en brosse, and he knew the latest jokes, but he played poker close to the chest。这里作者不单单在做事实性描述，同时意在刻画这位男子的性格。
而这个短语的隐喻用法则是其本意的自然延伸。如果说某人 play it close to the vest/chest，也就说这个人非常小心，谨慎甚至诡秘的策划什么行动，而且最重要的是隐藏自己的意图及相关信息。牛津英文字典用它来描述神秘的行为，请看原文例句：I couldn't afford to give hints...You have to play these things close to your chest。
*些年来，这种比喻的用法不光用来描述人，还被用于描述拟人化的公司实体的行为。请看例句：Tivoli Systems, a subsidiary of computer giant IBM, which has responsibility for securing the Olympics computer systems--a network of around 7,300 personal computers--was also playing its cards close to its chest today (AP newsfeed, 2000).
又如：For an industry that wants to know an awful lot about each and every one of its 'customers'--with and without clothes on--hospitals tend to keep their own business dealings pretty darn close to the vest (The Columbus Dispatch, 2000).
其实，与扑克牌相关的比喻用法简直不胜枚举，如：keep a poker face, play your cards right, have a card up your sleeve, 或 have an ace in the hole。如果要表达keep your cards close to the vest的反意，也就是不谨慎，毫无戒备，你可以用tip your hand这个短语;如果想表达打开天窗说亮话的意思，可以使用短语lay your cards on the table。
13.Cold turkey
一说到“turkey”,大家就会想到“火鸡”，实际上，由“turkey”组成的短语还真不少，而且它们的意思你也不一定都知道。
首先，我们来谈谈cold turky,你可别认为它是“凉火鸡”的意思。早在1930年的时候，cold turkey作为形容词、副词和名词都被人们使用过。当时作为形容词的用法较常见，意思是 “blunt, frank, plain”(生硬的、坦率的、毫无修饰的)。《每日新闻》(Daily News)上曾有这样的句子: "Stalin didn't like certain cold-turkey facts Kennan reported about Russia." 这里 “cold-turkey facts ”的意思是“生硬的事实”。
Cold turkey作副词用作状语时的意思是 “即兴、没有任何准备”或“率直地、坦然地”。Carl Sandburg在1922年这样写到: "I'm going to talk cold turkey with booksellers about the hot gravy in the stories."
关于talk (cold)turkey 的起源有一种说法是，一个白人和一印第安人商量如何分配捕获的猎物。白人说："You take the turkey and I'll take the crow，or I'll take the turkey and you take the crow". 而印第安人觉察出白人并不是在“ talking turkey”(说心里话)，白人其实正盘算着如何将猎物全部占为己有。
至于作为名词的用法，cold turkey的意思是“说话、做事直截了当”。 "Let's get down to cold turkey." 最能体现这种用法，它的意思就是"Let's get down to business." (谈正经事，切入正题)。
当然，cold turkey还有一个常见的用法，不过通常用在短语to go (or quit) cold turkey中，意思是突然而彻底的戒毒”。这里cold turkey可以指***、**、尼古丁和***，还可以指吸食上述毒品的行为或毒瘾，现在quit cold turkey的用法还扩大为戒烟、戒酒，突然戒掉一些上瘾的东西。有人说拔过毛的火鸡皮布满了鸡皮疙瘩(gooseflesh),样子看上去就象戒毒者的症状。所以有了cold turkey的这个用法。
14.Come-to-Jesus meeting
当你遇到困难，身处困境，而你的上司却召集你开会，讨论你目前的问题，最后并不忘说一句"好好干，年轻人!"的时候，这种"令人头痛的摊牌会"英语中用"Come-to-Jesus meeting" 来形容恐怕最合适不过。
这个短语的来源应该追溯到卫理公会教派刚刚传到美国的年代。卫理公会教义中把耶酥基督描述成一位就在人们身边的形象而不是遥不可及的角色，深得人心。一大批颇具魅力的布道士在全国游说演说，所到之处"拯救"人们。这些巡回传道者在营地**中富有激情的号召大家"走*耶酥"("come to Jesus"), 告诫那些罪人如果他们不知悔改，将遭到诅咒。走*圣坛-走*基督-从人群中走出来承认自己的罪过，接受拯救。
第一次的"Come-to-Jesus meeting"实际上是在临时搭建的营地的.**，在那儿人们面对面的见到耶酥基督，在那儿没有牧师向你宣扬你的罪行将让基督继续受难，没有圣人替你说情。
那么，Come-to-Jesus meeting又如何发展为"令人头痛的摊牌会"的意思，却没有详细的记载，只是*年来，越来越多的人开始在不同场合用了这个短语，有时也有把 "meeting" 用作"moment"的，例如：
"The come-to-Jesus moment for me in my understanding of all this came back in 1990," says John Perry Barlow, the retired Wyoming cattle rancher and digital guru who is co-founder of the Electronic Frontier Foundation. (Washington Post, November 2000)
The come-to-Jesus meeting took place on May 25 at a skybox at Nashville's football stadium, where Gore had gone for a publicity event. He told Coelho that he needed to "work on your relationships." (Newsweek, November 2000)
He'll be meeting with his advisers there, but already they have said this is not a "come to Jesus" meeting, Tony. No plan for any woodshed scoldings. (Carl Cameron, reporting on G.W. Bush's primary loss in New Hampshire, February 2000 on Fox news)
15.Cookies
你喜欢cookie(小甜饼)吗?"小甜饼"现在有"大用途"了。
现在，互联网浏览器储存在电脑里面的文件夹就被称做cookies 。Cookies 是联网用户计算机硬盘中的一个记录用户个人资料、所用电脑系统的资料和该用户浏览过的网页等资料的资料卡。好多网站为了了解有多少人，什么样的人访问本站，要求第一次访问他们的用户输入自己的姓名、地址、电话号码、职业等个人资料，并将这些资料制作成一份访问者资料卡通过访问者的浏览器存储在访问者电脑的硬盘上，起名为cookies.txt。这就等于给初访者发了一张会员卡。当该用户下次重访该网站时，他的电脑浏览器就会自动出示这张会员卡，不必重重验关就可以进入该网站。
为何要将这种资料卡取名为cookies 没有人能说清楚。有人说cookies 可能源于海外中国餐馆在客人用完餐离开前向客人所赠"幸运小饼干"(fortune cookies)。这种说法不是没有道理，因为掰开每块"幸运小饼干"，里面都有一张小字条，印有一句让客人看后开心一笑的警句之类的吉祥话。有的还描绘客人的个性特点，为客人卜算前程。想必这也是个人化的信息吧。
还有一种说法，认为cookies 成为电脑术语和《艾丽斯奇境历险记》中出现的magic cookie有关系。 Magic cookie可以神奇地使艾丽斯变大或变小，这和新用户登录网站时，电脑中的某一程序就会因cookie记录相关信息而增加容量有共通之处。不过这个类比似乎站不住脚。因为艾丽斯变大后要想再缩回去的话，必须饮用装在写着"DRINK ME"的瓶子里面装的东西或把"白兔扇"握在手里才行，而电脑术语中的cookie对此没有什么对应。可见，小说情节里的magic cookie和电脑术语里的 cookie还不能完全对不上号。
话说回来，"幸运小饼干"给网上用户带来的未必是好运，因为它窥探用户的隐私，使人如芒刺在背，感到不安。如果你想知道你电脑中的"小饼干"记录了你哪些资料，不妨打开你的电脑硬盘浏览器目录中的"小饼干"文件看一看。
16.Cream of the crop
奶油是从牛奶中提炼出来的，那么庄稼里怎么会提炼出奶油(cream of the crop)来呢?
语言不是一成不变的。随着时间的推移，许多词汇会由本意引申出比喻意，其比喻义逐渐成为固定用法保留下来，cream就是这样的一个词。
在有历史记载以来，任何把牛奶作为宝贵食物来源的地方，奶油，作为牛奶的精华，经常用来比喻事物的精髓部分。
按照《牛津英文词典》的解释，cream的比喻意用法早在1581年就有记录("The gentlemen, which be the creame of the common"), 迄今这个词还经常用来指杰出人物。注意浏览报纸的话，不难发现世界各地的报纸上面都会出现这样的用法，如"the cream of the law graduates," "the cream of British and Irish rugby," "the cream of Lone Star songwriters," 和 "the cream of the zydeco performing world."
Cream 被广泛用于指代事物的精华，cream of the crop解释成best of the crop应该是非常符合逻辑的，而且这个短语的起源确实和庄稼有关系。1891年10月出版的the Overland Monthly and Out West Magazine上的一段话可以作为证据: "The great and unfailing demand that the canneries have made for California fruit has been largely a moving cause of this change from wheat fields to orchards, for the canneries take the very cream of the crop." 现在，best of the crop已经不仅仅局限于best of the crop的意思了。实际上，用短语bet of the crop来形容毕业生、大学生、政治舞台上的候选人以及士兵这样的有不同届、级之分的群体中的优秀人物是最适合的，例如: "The cream of the college crop is always just around the corner" (摘自《2001年旧金山年鉴》)， 值得注意的是，这个句子的动词用的是单数形式。
另外，这个短语押头韵，这也是短语广为流传的一个条件。
17.Cry wolf
“狼来了”的故事大家一定都听说过。这个词就是源于《伊索寓言》中的这个故事：一个牧童常喊"狼来了!"使邻人惊慌而自己从中取乐，后来狼果然来了，但是没有人相信他的呼喊，于是他的羊群全部被狼咬死了。
日常生活中，人们用这个词形容那些发出假警报欺骗他人的行为。
譬如说：If you keep on crying wolf, nobody will trust you.如果你老是发假警报的话，没人会相信你了。
再譬如说： That politician cries wolf in every speech he makes. 那个政治家在他的每篇演说中都虚发警报。
18.Cup of Tea
一位美国人和一位来自捷克的妇女交谈。 在谈话中， 美国人用了 "not my cup of tea" 这个短语， 而他们谈话的内容并没有涉及"喝茶"，捷克女士便很疑惑。后来美国人跟她解释道， "not my cup of tea"这个短语在美国，可以用来形容你不喜欢或不在意的东西。相反的， "one's cup of tea"自然可以用来表示"某人感兴趣或喜爱的东西"。
原先，cup of tea只是简单地用来比喻某个人或事。牛津字典里引用了19世纪中上期的几个例子-在当时，cup of tea指的是人，尤其是那些人物特征与茶味具有共性的，比如愁苦的人。最典型的例子出现在新西兰的神秘小说家Ngaio Marsh1939年的作品当中："Miss Prentice…seems to be a very unpleasant cup of tea." (Miss Prentice…像是个讨人厌的人。)
这个词也被用来强调对比，包括任何显而易见的反差。比如: "London in wartime…is a very different cup of tea from Winchester."(Sarah Russell, To Bed With Grand Music, 1946)
Cup of tea还可以指任务，话题，人，或任何让人感到合适的东西。它可以是任何你喜欢的人或事。1980年的一期《华盛顿时报》这样写到："If classics are your cup of tea, these unabridged recording of great books…are terrific."( 如果你爱好古典音乐，那么这些篇章完整的唱片将给你带来无比的享受。)
否定表达式not my cup of tea同样被普遍运用。典型例子，另一位神秘小说家Josephine Tey1948年在他的THE FRANCHISE AFFAIR 写道, "Probably she isn't your cup of tea…You have always preferred them a little stupid, and blond."
相对于英国悠长的饮茶文化而言， cup of tea 的喻义用法流行时间并不算长。不过即便是在19世纪以后的英美文学作品当中，出现更多的是a dish of tea的用法 而非a cup of tea。如以下例句： "People who love biography will love this book (whether or not Churchill is their dish of tea.)"(摘自《圣彼得堡时报》
19.Curtain lecture
千万不要乱用这个词啊，因为不是随便哪个人都可以给你一个curtain lecture的。什么样的lecture才算是curtain lecture呢?这里的curtain指的是床帐。因此，curtain lecture 自然是指妻子在床头对丈夫的训斥了。
在上世纪中叶受人欢迎的英国幽默插图杂志《笨拙》周刊(Punch)，就是因为发表了道琼斯•杰罗尔德所写的《考黛尔夫人的枕边劝戒》而身价倍增。在日常生活中，一般人们会在这种情况下用到这个词：If you are late back from the club, my boy, you'll get a curtain lecture, mark my words. 我的好伙计，如果你去俱乐部而太晚回家的话，你老婆可不会饶你的。记住我的话吧。
20.Cutting edge
On the cutting edge或 at the cutting edge 最早出现在五十年代，它的字面意思是锐器的锋利的部位，现在最通常的隐喻义是处在最前沿的位置。例如Ever since it outlawed public school segregation in 1954, the U.S. Supreme Court has been on the cutting edge of civil rights advances. (Time, 1988)
类似的短语leading edge也属于这种隐喻用法，不过起先它的意思是指机翼或螺旋桨叶。
Cutting edge目前还在广泛使用，而leading edge则多少有点过时。如今可用来描述新概念，新款式和新产品的词汇实在太多了。
比如，bleeding edge通常描述有一定风险的新生事物，如可能带来经济灾难或只是昙花一现的新事物。下面的一段解释就可以反映出"风险"的意思 "Leading Edge or Bleeding Edge: Staying at the forefront of technological innovation without going overboard......Working on the edge of technological innovation can be a difficult balancing act" (Newport Communications, 1997)。Bleeding edge 大约在20年前在句子 "Environmental management is an organization that addresses change and manages that change so the DP community can be state of the art without being the 'bleeding edge'" (Computerworld, 1983) 第一次出现，如今通常用它来指电脑技术。
形容词edgy 也有 on the cutting edge的意思，尽管它的内涵是大胆创新("being innovative in a daring or discomfiting way")，不过它不像bleeding edge那样显得颇具风险。例如 "Crisp, edgy and sometimes startlingly raunchy style...the chuckles keep coming like poisoned darts." (Newsweek, 1999).
也许"bleeding edge", "edgy" 很快就会像 "leading edge"一样成为过时的用法， "cutting edge" 成为它们当中寿命最长的短语。
1，动词+away构成的短语有：
throw away 扔掉 carry away 运走
put away 把。。。收好 run away 潜逃，跑开
give away 捐赠，分发 go away 走开
2，动词+for构成的短语有：
answer for 负责 provide for 供养
call for 要求 plan for 打算，为。。计划
hope for 希望，期待 ask for 索取，寻找
send for 派人去请 go for 努力获取
pay for 偿还，赔偿 wait for 等待
look for 寻找
3，动词+on构成的短语有：
try on 试穿，试验 put on 穿上，上演
have on 穿着，戴着 pull on 穿，戴
hold on 不挂断，坚持，继续 carry on 继续开展，坚持
keep on 继续 go on 继续
get on 上车 come on 赶快
4，动词+over构成的短语有：
come over 过来 hand over 移交
go over 仔细检查，复* get over 克服，恢复
look over 检查 think over 仔细考虑
take over 接受，接管 hand over 移交
turn over 翻转
5，动词+up构成的短语有;
bring up 抚养，培养 call up 召唤，打电话给
come up 走进，上来 cut up 切碎
fix up 修理 give up 放弃
go up 上升，增长 grow up 长大
look up 尊敬，向上看，查寻 make up 虚构，弥补，组成
put up 举起，搭建 pick up 捡起，搭载，得到
set up 建立，创纪录 send up 发射
show up 揭露，露面 turn up 出现，把。调高一点
take up 占据，开始从事
6，动词+out 构成的短语有：
come out 出来 go out 出去，熄灭
look out 留神，当心 walk out 走出
set out 出发，开始 put out 扑灭。生产
give out 发出，发表
a series of 一系列,一连串
above all 首先,尤其是
after all 毕竟,究竟
ahead of 在...之前
ahead of time 提前
all at once 突然,同时
all but 几乎;除了...都
all of a sudden 突然
all over 遍及
all over again 再一次,重新
all the time 一直,始终
all the same 仍然,照样的
as regards 关于,至于
anything but 根本不
as a matter of fact 实际上
apart from 除...外(有/无)
as a rule 通常,照例
as a result(of) 因此,由于
as far as ...be concerned 就...而言
as far as 远至,到...程度
as for 至于,关于
as follows 如下
as if 好像,仿怫
as good as 和...几乎一样
as usual 像*常一样,照例
as to 至于,关于
all right 令人满意的;可以
as well 同样,也,还
as well as 除...外(也),即...又
aside from 除...外(还有)
at a loss 茫然,不知所措
at a time 一次,每次
at all 丝毫(不),一点也不
at all costs 不惜一切代价
at all events 不管怎样,无论如何
at all times 随时,总是
at any rate 无论如何,至少
at best 充其量,至多
at first 最初,起先
at first sight 乍一看,初看起来
at hand 在手边,在附*
at heart 内心里,本质上
at home 在家,在国内
at intervals 不时,每隔...
at large 大多数,未被捕获的
at least 至少
at last 终于
at length 最终,终于
at most 至多,不超过
at no time 从不,决不
by accident 偶然
at one time 曾经,一度;同时
at present 目前,现在
at sb's disposal 任...处理
at the cost of 以...为代价
at the mercy of 任凭...摆布
at the moment 此刻,目前
at this rate 照此速度
at times 有时,间或
back and forth 来回地,反复地
back of 在...后面
before long 不久以后
beside point 离题的`,不相干的
beyond question 毫无疑问
by air 通过航空途径
by all means 尽一切办法,务必
by and by 不久,迟早
by chance 偶然,碰巧
by far 最,...得多
by hand 用手,用体力
by itself 自动地,独自地
by means of 用,依靠
by mistake 错误地,无意地
by no means 决不,并没有
by oneself 单独地,独自地
by reason of 由于
by the way 顺便说说
by virtue of 借助,由于
by way of 经由,通过...方法
due to 由于,因为
each other 互相
even if/though 即使,虽然
ever so 非常,极其
every now and then 时而,偶尔
every other 每隔一个的
except for 除了...外
face to face 面对面地
far from 远非,远离
for ever 永远
for good 永久地
for the better 好转
for the moment 暂时,目前
for the present 暂时,目前
for the sake of 为了,为了...的利益
for the time being 暂时,眼下
from time to time 有时,不时
hand in hand 手拉手 ,密切关联
head on 迎面地,正面的
heart and soul 全心全意地
how about ...怎么样
in a hurry 匆忙,急于
in case of 假如,防备
in a moment 立刻,一会儿
in a sense 从某种意义上说
in a way 在某种程度上
in a word 简言之,总之
in accordance with 与...一致,按照
in addition 另外,加之
in addition to 除...之外(还)
in advance 预先,事先
in all 总共,合计
in any case 无论如何
in any event 无论如何
in brief 简单地说
in charge of 负责,总管
in common 共用的,共有的
in consequence(of) 因此;由于
in debt 欠债,欠情
in detail 详细地
in difficulty 处境困难
in effect 实际上,事实上
in general 一般来说,大体上
in favor of 支持,赞成
in front of 面对,在...前
in half 成两半
in hand 在进行中,待办理
in honor of 为庆祝,为纪念
in itself 本质上,就其本身而言
in line with 与...一致
in memory of 纪念
in no case 决不
in no time 立即,马上
in no way 决不
in order 按顺序,按次序
in other words 换句话说
in part 部分地
in particular 特别,尤其
in person 亲自,本人
in place 在合适的位置
in place of 代替,取代,交换
in practice 在实践中,实际上
in proportion to 与...成比例
in public 公开地,当众
in quantity 大量
in question 正在谈论的
in regard to 关于,至于
in relation to 关于,涉及
in return 作为报答/回报/交换
in return for 作为对...报答
in short 简言之,总之
in sight 被见到;在望
in spite of 尽管
in step 齐步,合拍
in step with 与...一致/协调
in tears 流着泪,在哭着
in the course of 在...期间/过程中
in the distance 在远处
in the end 最后,终于
in the event of 如果...发生,万一
in the face of 即使;在...面前
in the first place 首先
in the future 在未来
in the least 丝毫,一点
in (the)light of 鉴于,由于
in the way 挡道
in the world 究竟,到底
in time 及时
in touch 联系,接触
in turn 依次,轮流;转而
in vain 徒劳,白费力
instead of 代替,而不是
just now 眼下;刚才
little by little 逐渐地
lots of 许多
many a 许多
more or less 或多或少,有点
next door 隔壁的,在隔壁
no doubt 无疑地
no less than 不少于...;不亚于...
no longer 不再
no more 不再
no more than 至多,同...一样不
none other than 不是别的,正是
on one's guard 警惕,提防
nothing but 只有,只不过
now and then 时而,偶尔
off and on 断断续续,间歇地
off duty 下班
on a large/small scale 大/小规模地
on account of 由于
on(an/the) average *均,通常
on behalf of 代表
on board 在船(车/飞机)上
on business 因公
on condition that 如果
on duty 上班,值班
on earth 究竟,到底
on fire 起火着火
on foot 步行,
on guard 站岗,值班
on hand 在场,在手边
on occasion(s) 有时,间或
on one's own 独立,独自
on purpose 故意地
on sale 出售,廉价出售
on schedule 按时间表,准时
on second thoughts 经重新考虑
on the contrary 正相反
on the grounds of 根据,以...为由
on (the) one hand 一方面
on the other hand 另一方面
on the point of 即将...的时刻
on the road 在旅途中
on the side 作为兼职/副业
on the spot 在场;马上
on the whole 总的来说,大体上
on time 准时
once again 再一次
once(and)for all 一劳永逸地
once in a while 偶尔
once more 再一次
once upon a time 从前
one another 相互
or else 否则,要不然
or so 大约,左右
other than 非;除了
out of 从...中;由于;缺乏
out of breath 喘不过气来
out of control 失去控制
out of date 过时的
out of doors 在户外
out of order 出故障的
out of place 不适当的
out of practice 久不练*,荒疏
out of sight 看不见,在视野外
out of the question 毫无可能的
out of touch 不联系,不接触
over and over(again) 一再地,再三地
prior at 在...之前
quite a few 相当多,不少
rather than 不是...(而是)
regardless of 不顾,不惜
right away 立即,马上
side by side 肩并肩,一起
so far 迄今为止
sooner or later 迟早,早晚
step by step 逐步地
such as 例如,诸如
thanks to 由于,多亏
that is (to say) 就是说,即
to the point 切中要害,切题
under control 处于控制之下
under the circumstances 这种情况下
up to date 在进行中
up to 多达;直到;胜任;取决于
what if 切合目前情况的
what about 怎么样
with regard to 关于,至于
with the exception of 除...之外
without question 毫无疑问
word for word 逐字的
1.kinds of 各种各样的
2. either…or…或者……或者……，不是……就是……
3. neither…nor…既不……也不……
4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中国清茶
5. take a seat 就坐
6. home cooking 家常做法
7. be famous for 因……而著名
8. on ones way to在……途中
9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院
10. at the end of在……的`尽头，在……的末尾
11. wait for 等待
12. in time 及时
13. make one’s way to…往……(艰难地)走去
14. just then 正在那时
15. first of all 首先，第一
16. go wrong 走错路
17. be/get lost 迷路
18. make a noise 吵闹，喧哗
19. get on 上车
20. get off 下车
21. stand in line 站队
22. waiting room 候诊室，候车室
23. at the head of……在……的前头
24. laugh at 嘲笑
25. throw about 乱丢，抛散
26. in fact 实际上
27. at midnight 在半夜
28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快
29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架
30. take one’s temperature 给某人体温
31. have/get a pain in…某处疼痛
32. have a headache 头痛
33. as soon as… 一……就……
34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事
35. stop…from doing sth. 阻止……干某事
36. fall asleep 入睡
37. again and again再三地，反复地
38. wake up 醒来，叫醒
39. instead of 代替
40. look over 检查
41. take exercise运动
42. had better(not) do sth. 最好(不要)干某事
43. at the weekend 在周末
44. on time 按时
45. out of从……向外
46. all by oneself 独立，单独
47. lots of=a lot of 许多
48. no longer/more=not…any longer/more 不再
49. get back 回来，取回
50. sooner or later迟早
1. a bit有一点儿;一会儿
2. a bit of有一点儿
3. a bottle of 一瓶
4. a cup of 一(茶)杯
5. a glass of 一(玻璃)杯
6. a few 一些，少数几个
7. again and again再三地，反复地
8. after all 毕竟，终究
9. after a while 过了一会儿
10. after school 放学后
11. agree on 同意，赞成
12. agree to do sth 同意做某事
13. agree with (sb) 与某人意见一致
14. a group of 一群
15. a kind of 一种
16. a little 一点，少量
17. a lot of 许多，大量
18. a lot 许多，大量
19. a moment ago 刚才
20. a moment later 片刻之后
21. a place of interest 名胜
22. and so on 等等
23. across from 在……对面
24. a list of …...的清单
25. a pair of 一双
26. a quarter past/to… …..点过一刻/差一刻到…..点
27. a roll of film 一卷胶卷
28. a shop assistant 售货员;店员
29. a top speed of 50 kilometres per hour 每小时50千米的高
30. a number of若干的;许多的
31. a set number of固定数量的;一定数量
32. all by oneself独自地，全靠自己
33. all day整天;一天到晚
34. all kinds of 各种各样的
35. all one’s life一生;终生
36. all over遍及，到处，结束
37. all over the world全世界
38. all right行了;好吧;(病)好了
39. all the same都一样，仍然
40. all the time一直，始终;老是
41. all year round一年到头
42. an hour or two一两个小时
43. answer the telephone接电话
44. answer to……的答案
45. anything else 别的东西(事情)
46. arrive at/in+地方名词 到达某地
47. as…as像……一样
48. as…as one can尽量
49. as if 好像
50. as long as 只要
51. as soon as一……就……
52. as soon as possible尽快，尽可能早地
53. as usual像往常一样
54. as well as也，又
55. ask for要求(做)某事
56. ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
57. at breakfast早餐时
58. at firt起先，开始的时候
59. at home在家
60. at last最后，终于
61. at least至少;起码
62. at midnight 在半夜
63. at night在夜里
64. at noon在正午
65. at once马上
66. at school在学校(上课)
67. at sea 在海上
68. at the beginning of在……开始时
69. at the cinema看电影
70. at the age of在……岁的时候
71. at the door在门口
72. at the edge of在……边缘
73. at the end of在……的结尾
74. at front of在……(外部的)前面
75. at the front of在……(内部的)前面
76. at the foot of在……脚下
77. at the head of在……的前面;在……的排头/前面
78. at the top of在……顶上/部
79. at the very top 在最顶层
80. at the moment此刻;正在那时
81. at that moment正在那时
82. at the same time同时
83. at the starting line在起跑线处/上
84. at this time of the year在一年中这时候
85. at times偶尔;有时，时常
86. at work在工作
87. around the world世界各地
88. bad luck.不幸，倒霉
89. bad manners 没礼貌;坏*惯
90. be abroad 出国，在国外
91. be back home回到家
92. be able to do sth.能够做某事
93. be unable to do sth不能做某事
94. be after追求，想得到
95. be alone独自，单独
96. be amazed at 对……感到惊讶
97. be angry with sb.生某人的气
98. be anxious about担心，焦虑
99. be asleep睡着
100. be awake 醒着的
101. be away离开
102. be away from远离……
103. be away from home离家在外
104. be bad for对……有害
105. be badly hurt伤得很重
106. be born in/on 出生于……
107. be busy doing sth忙于做某事
108. be busy with sth. 忙于某事
109. be careful小心
110. be covered with被……覆盖着
111. because of由于
112. be confident of对……有信心
113. be excited 兴奋;激动
114. be different from与……不同
115. be easy to do sth做某事容易.
116. be famous as作为……而出名
117. be famous for因……而出名
118. be fed up with 厌倦
119. be filled with充满
120. be free免费，自由，空闲
121. be friendly to sb对某人友好.
122. be friends with 与……交朋友
123. be from来自于
124. be full of充满着
125. beg one’s pardon 请原谅;对不起
126. be going to do sth 打算(计划)做某事
127. be good at善于，擅长……
128. be good for 对……有益
129. be happy to do sth乐于做某事.
130. be hard to do sth.做某事难
131. be helpful有帮助
132. (be)in bed 在床上，在睡觉
133. be in hospital(生病)住院
134. be/become interested in对……感兴趣
135. be in trouble处于困难之中
136. be joined to 接*;连接
137. Beijing Opera 京剧
138. before long 不久以后
139. be kind to sb对……友好.
140. belong to属于
141. be late for 迟到
142. be less/more trouble 麻烦少/多
143. be like像……
144. be located in/on座落于;位于
145. be lost迷路;丢失
146. be mad at 生……的气
147. be made of/from用……制成的
148. be made in由……制造
149. be nice of sb 某人真好
150. be nice to 对……好
151. be off 离开
152. be out 不在，外出
153. be over结束;在……上方;超过
154. be pleased满意
155. be proud of 为……而自豪/骄傲
156. be quiet安静
157. (be)related to和……有关系，涉及
158. be/get ready for sth 为……准备
159. be/get ready to do sth 准备好做某事
160. be saved获救
161. be sick 生病
162. be scared of 害怕
163. be sorry遗憾;后悔，难过
164. be strict with对……要求严格
165. be sure (of)肯定……
166. be talented at 在……有特长
167. be the opposite 恰恰相反
168. be weak in 在……(方面)弱
169. be welcome 受欢迎，不用谢
170. be worn out 筋疲力尽
171. be worried about 为……担心
172. be well-known for 因……而著名
173. begin school 开学
174. begin to do sth.. 开始(着手)做某事
175. begin with 以……开始
176. believe in(sb.) 相信(某人)
177. between…and… 在……和……之间
178. blow away (风)刮走，吹走
179. blow out 吹灭
180. body language 手势语
181. borrow…from… 从……借来……
182. both…and… 既……又…… ， ……和……
183. break down (机械)损坏;拆散(某物)
184. break a world record 打破一项世界纪录
185. break into 潜入;闯入
186. break into pieces (使)成为碎片
187. bring back 归还;使……想起
188. bring…to… 把……带给…… ;给……带来……
189. bring up 养育
190. brush one’s teeth 刷牙
191. by air/bike/bus/car乘飞机/骑自行车/ 乘公共汽车/坐汽车
192. by plane/boat/train/ship乘飞机/坐船/ 乘火车/乘轮船
193. by land/sea 由陆路/由水路
194. by hand 手工
195. by oneself 独自
196. by the end of 到……时为止
197. by the side of 在……旁边
198. by the time 到……时候
199. by the way 顺便说
200. by then 到那时
——初中英语作文常用短语 40句菁华
1、get behind 落后;识破
2、get in 进入，陷入;牵涉
3、get off 送走;脱下(衣服);下车;动身
4、get on 上车;穿上;进步，使前进;成功;相处
5、get rid of 除去，去掉;免除，摆脱
6、get through 到达，完成，通过;及格
7、get up 起床，起立;研究，钻研;致力于;安排，组织
8、once in a while 偶尔
9、or else 否则,要不然
10、or so 大约,左右
11、out of control 失去控制
12、out of doors 在户外
13、side by side 肩并肩,一起
14、A candle lights others and consumes itself.
15、Adversity makes a man wise, not rich.
16、The invention of…brings about numerous/ countless advantages to us.
17、Merits of living in the countryside can be examined in three aspects.
18、Summeris sultry. That is the reason why I don't like it.
19、It is exactly what we do — you and I — that changes the world．
20、aside from 除...外(还有)
21、at a loss 茫然,不知所措
22、at a time 一次,每次
23、at all costs 不惜一切代价
24、at all events 不管怎样,无论如何
25、at all 丝毫(不),一点也不
26、at best 充其量,至多
27、at hand 在手边,在附*
28、at heart 内心里,本质上
29、at least 至少
30、major in history主修历史
31、a big headache令人头痛的事情
32、a matter of concern 焦点
33、a series of 一系列,一连串above all 首先,尤其是
34、absent from不在,缺*
35、agree with同意
36、all at once 突然,同时
37、apt to易于
38、as a rule 通常,照例
39、as well 同样,也,还
40、ashamed of羞愧,害臊
——高考英语写作常用句型优选【五】篇
Dear Lucy，
The Double Ninth Festival，which is the day set aside for the elderly in our
culture，is drawing near. Our class plan is to visit the nursing home this Sunday
in order to help the elderly there and enrich our after\class life at the same time.
Here are some detailed arrangements during our stay there. Well make
dumplings and cakes with the elderly people. Well also spend some fun time
together singing，dancing and playing games，which will make them happy. We should be back around 4 oclock in the afternoon as planned. Im convinced that the
activity will be enjoyable and meaningful.
If youd like to join us，please let us know and well wait for you at the school gate at 9 in the morning.
Looking forward to your re***.
Yours，
Li Hua
一)比较
1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.
2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.
3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that…
4.It is reasonable to maintain that …but it would be foolish to claim that…
5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.
6.Like anything else, it has its faults.
7.A and B has several points in common.
8.A bears some resemblances to B.
9.However, the same is not applicable to B.
10. A and B differ in several ways.
11. Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.
12. People used to think …， but things are different now.
13. The same is true of B.
14. Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.
15. It is true that A … , but the chief faults (obvious defects )are …
二)原因
1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.
A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the phenomenon(problem)。
2. The answer to this problem involves many factors.
3. The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that…
4. The factors that contribute to this situation include…
5. The change in …largely results from the fact that…
6. We may blame …，but the real causes are…
7. Part of the explanations for it is that …
8.One of the most common factors (causes ) is that …
9.Another contributing factor (cause ) is …
10.Perhaps the primary factor is that …
11.But the fundamental cause is that …
三)批驳
1)It is true that …， but one vital point is being left out.
2) There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.
3) Some people say …， but it does not hold water.
4) Many of us have been under the illusion that…
5) A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.
6) It makes no sense to argue for …
7) Too much stress placed on … may lead to …
8) Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that …
9) Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that …
四)后果
1. It may give rise to a host of problems.
2. The immediate result it produces is …
3. It will exercise a profound influence upon…
4. Its consequence can be so great that…
五)举例
1) A good case in point is …
2) As an illustration, we may take …
3) Such examples might be given easily.
4) …is often cited as an example.
六)证明
1) No one can deny the fact that …
2) The idea is hardly supported by facts.
3) Unfortunately, none of the available data shows …
4) Recent studies indicate that …
5) There is sufficient evidence to show that …
6) According to statistics proved by …， it can be seen that …
七)开篇
1) Many nations have been faced with the problem of …
2) Recently the problem has been brought into focus.
3) Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.
4) Recently the issue has aroused great concern among …
5) Nowadays there is a growing concern over …
6) Never in our history has the idea that … been so popular.
7) Faced with …， quite a few people argue that …
8) According to a recent survey, …
9) With the rapid development of …， …
八)结尾
1) From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that …
2) It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop …
3) It is necessary that steps should be taken to …
4) In conclusion, it is imperative that …
5) There is no easy method, but …might be of some help.
6) To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must …
7) In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up.
8) With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.
9) We might do more than identify the cause ; it is important to take actions to …
10) Taking all these into account, we …
11) Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear…
1) .. . rank first (both) in...
2) The number is ...times as much as that of ...
3) The figure has nearly doubled, as against that of last year.
4) It accounts for 35% of...
5) By comparison with ..., it decreased/increased/fell from...to...
6) ...rise rapidly(slowly)
7) ...remain level...
8) ...reach ...
第一步：定体裁、中心
审题准——审题确定方向，行文紧扣主题
根据提示，首先要弄清写何种体裁的文章，是记叙文、说明文、应用文，还是议论文。无论提供材料的方式是文字描述，还是图画或表格，要求文章的主要体裁是唯一的.。*几年全国卷写作考查书信类居多，在确定是应用文的书信类之后，还要审是建议信、请求信、道歉信还是推荐信等，要求写的是说明介绍、解释原因还是计划安排等。
第二步：定要点、人称、时态
要点准——要点全而不漏
要点要全：根据要点提示，提取keywords, 拟定topic sentences。定要点时要弄清什么该写，什么不该写;哪些该详写，哪些该略写。
人称要对：审人称，即用什么人称来表达。书信中常常会用到第一、二人称，但在涉及其他人、物介绍说明时，常用第三人称。
时态要准：讲述现在的情况应用一般现在时;涉及计划打算时，常用一般将来时;涉及对以往的叙述时，常用一般过去时。当然情态动词的恰当运用，也会使表达更加准确，语气更加自然。
第三步：定段落
结构美——行文条理清晰，力避一段到底，根据写作提示内容与要点，常采用二段式或三段式的段落模式。
实战演练
【典例】 ( 2015全国卷Ⅱ)假如你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院(nursing home)陪老人们过重阳节(the Double Ninth Festival)。请给外教露西写封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括：1.出发及返回时间;2.活动：包饺子、表演节目等。
注意：1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
3.结语已为你写好。
2)There is no need for sb to do sth. for sth.(某人没有必要做……)，例如：There is no need for you to bring more food. 不需你拿来更多的食物了。
3)By +doing…，主语can …. (借着……，……能够……)
例如：By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy. 借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。
4) … enable + sb.+ to + do…. (……使……能够……)
例如：Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed. 听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。
5) On no account can we + do…. (我们绝对不能……)
例如：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。
6) What will happen to sb.(某人将会怎样)
例如：What will happen to the orphan那个孤儿将会怎样
7)For the past + 时间，主语 + 现在完成式…. (过去……年来，……一直……)
例如：For the past two years，I have been busy preparing for the examination. 过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。
8)It pays to + do….(……是值得的。)例如：It pays to help others. 帮助别人是值得的。
9)主语+ be based on….(以……为基础)
例如：The progress of thee society is based on harmony.社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。
10)主语 + do one’s best to do….(尽全力去……)
例如：We should do our best to achieve our goal in life.我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标注意：“尽全力”在英语中有不同表达，例如：We should spare no effort/make every effort to beautify our environment.我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。
11)主语+ be closely related to …. (与……息息相关)
例如：Taking exercise is closely related to health.做运动与健康息息相关。
12) 主语+ get into the habit of + V-ing = make it a rule to + V (养成……的*惯)
例如：We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.我们应该养成早睡早起的*惯。
Owing to/Thanks to sth… (因为……)，例如：Thanks to his
encouragement, I finally realized my dream.因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。
13)What a + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + be!= How +形容词+ a +名词+ be!(多么……!)
例如： What an important thing it is to keep our promise!= How important a thing it is to keep our promise!遵守诺言是多么重要的事!
14)主语 + do good/ harm to sth.. (对……有益/有害)
例如：Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益。Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。
15)主语 + have a great influence on sth. (对……有很大的影响)
例如：Smoking has a great influence on our health.抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。
16) nothing can prevent us from doing…. (没有事情能够阻挡我们做……)
例如：All this shows that nothing can prevent us from reaching our aims.这显示了没有事情能够阻挡我们实现目标。
17) Upon / On doing…, …. (一……就…….)
例如：Upon / On hearing of the unexpected news, he was so surprised that he couldn’t say a word. 一听到这个出乎意料的消息，他惊讶到说不出话来。
注意：此句型一般可以改为如下复合句句型
例如：As soon as he heard of the unexpected news, he was so surprised that he ….
Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining. 他刚来，她就开始抱怨。
No sooner had he arrived than it began to rain. 他刚来，就下雨了。
18) would rather do…than do…(宁愿……而不……)
例如：I would rather walk home than take a crowded bus. 我宁愿步行回家也不愿做拥挤的.公交车。
注意：此句型可以改为prefer to do…rather than do…句型，例如：I prefer to stay at home rather than see the awful film with him. 我宁愿呆在家也不愿意和他去看那部恐怖电影。
19) only + 状语， 主句部分倒装
例如：Only then could the work of reconstruction begin. 直到那时，重建工作才开始。
20) be worth doing (值得做)
例如：The book is worth reading. 这本书值得读。
21)Owing to/Thanks to sth, …. (因为……)，例如：Thanks to his
encouragement, I finally realized my dream.因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。
以下为复合句高级句型：
22)主语+ is + the +形容词最高级+名词+(that)+主语+ have ever + seen(known / heard / had / read,etc)
例如：Liu Yifei is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen in my life. 刘亦菲是我所看过最美丽的女孩。Mr. Liu
is the kindest teacher that I have ever had. 刘老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。
注意，比较级也可以用来表达最高级的意思
例如：I have never seen a more beautiful girl than Liu Yifei in my life. 在我生活中我从来没见过比刘亦菲更美的女孩。Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有比接受教育更重要的事。
23)There is no denying that + S + V….(不可否认的……)
例如：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。There is no denying the fact that the new management method has greatly increased the production. 不可否认的事实是，新的管理方法已经极大提高了产量。
24)It is universally acknowledged that +从句(全世界都知道……)
例如：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
注意，全世界都知道还可以改为以下句型：As is known to us/As we all know, …. (众所周知，……)
例如：As is known to us/As we all know, knowledge is power.众所周知，知识就是力量。
25)There is no doubt that +从句(毫无疑问的……)
例如：There is no doubt that he came late. 毫无疑问，他来晚了。There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.毫无疑问的我们的教育
——小学英语常用短语优选【5】篇
1. have interest in对……感兴趣
2. have lessons/classes上课
3. have no idea不知道，不了解
4. have sports进行体育运动
5. have some medicine吃(服)药
6. have success in在……(方面)成功
7. have sb/sth do sth 让某人做某事
8. have sb/sth doingsth 让某人一直做某事
9. have sth done 做某事;让某人做某事
10. have to不得不，必须
11. have trouble with在……(方面)有麻烦
12. hear from sb收到某人的来信
13. hear of听说
14. help sb (to)do sth帮助某人做某事
15. help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事
16. help oneself (to sth)请随便吃/用
17. here and there到处
18. high school 中学
19. high jump 跳高
20. hold on等一等(别挂电话);坚持，继续
21. hold a world record保持一项世界记录
22. hot dog 热狗
23. hour after hour一小时又一小时地，持续地
24. how about怎么样
25. how far/deep/tall/wide多远/深/高/宽
1.60个小学必记英语短语
2.小学英语语法动词短语练*题
3.小学三年级英语重点短语复
4.小学英语的短语大全
5.小学生常用50个地道英语短语
6.关于动词的小学英语常用短语
7.小学英语短语大全汇选
8.小学必记英语短语
9.小学生英语学*必备60个短语
10.小学英语语法动词短语练*
1. fall ill/sick 生病
2. fall in 在……失败，(考试)不及格
3. fall on top of 掉到了……上面
4. fall off 从……掉下来/摔下来
5. fall one’s exam 考试不及格
6. fall over 滑倒，摔倒
7. family name 姓
8. family tree 家谱
9. feel afraid 觉得害怕
10. feel at home 像在家里一样舒适
11. feel proud 感到自豪
12. feel lonely 感到寂寞
13. feel like doing sth 想要做某事
14. feel tired 感到疲劳
15. feel well 觉得舒服
16. feel worried 感到忧虑
17. field trip 野外旅游
18. fight against 为反对……而斗争
1. get stronger变得更强壮
2. get up early起得早
3. do more exercise做更多锻炼
4. on you right在你右边
5. turn left at the fourth crossing在第四个十字路口左拐
6. miss it错过它
7. how far多远
8. five kilometers away五公里远
9. a long walk一段长的距离
10. every five minutes每五分钟
11. every six days每六天
12. go to the post office去邮局
13. on Zhongshan Road在中山路
14. in the street在街上
15. take bus No.5乘5路车
16. in front of the cinema在电影院前
17. up and down上下
18. play a lot of games玩许多游戏
19. cook a lot of food做许多食物
20. have a good time玩得很高兴
21. go camping去野营
22. come after在……之后到来
23. New Year's Day元旦
24. at weekends在周末
25. watch cartoons看动画片
26. clean the kitchen打扫厨房
27. watch TV看电视
28. wash clothes洗衣服
29. water the flowers浇花
30. go home回家
31. feed the fish喂鱼
32. plant trees种树
33. go to school去上学
34. visit the zoo参观动物园
35. play volleyball打排球
36. go to the supermarket去超市
37. sit at the back of the bus坐在公共汽车的后面
38. at Jim's house在吉姆家
39. write in the diary在日记上写
40. like drinking tea喜欢喝茶
41. Christmas presents圣诞礼物
42. from grandmother来自祖母
43. open it for me为我打开它
44. the presents under the Christmas tree在圣诞树下的'礼物
45. so many这么多
46. the woman beside him在他旁边的妇女
47. watch the dragon boat races观看龙舟比赛
48. on Christmas Day在圣诞日
49. Christmas trees圣诞树
50. the seat in front of me在我前面的座位
1)be back/in/out 回来/在家/外出
2)be at home/work 在家/上班
3)be good at sth.善于，擅长于
4)be careful of sth.当心，注意，仔细
5)be covered with sth.被……复盖
6)be ready for sth.为……作好准备
7)be surprised (at) sth.对……感到惊讶
8)be interested in sth.对……感到兴趣
9)be born 出生
10)be on 在进行，在上演，(灯)亮着
11)be able to do sth. 能够做……
12)be afraid of sth. (to do sth. that…) 害怕……(不敢做……恐怕……)
13)be angry with sb. 生(某人)的气
14)be pleased (with) sth.对……感到高兴(满意)
15)be famous for sth. 以……而著名
16)be strict in sth. 严格要求某事 be strict with sb.严格要求某人
17)be from 来自…，什么地方人
18)be hungry/thirsty/tired饿了/渴了/累了
19)be worried 担忧
20)be (well) worth doing (非常)值得做……
21)be covered with 被……所覆盖……
22)be in (great) need of (很)需要
23)be in trouble 处于困境中
24)be glad to do sth. 很高兴做……
25)be late for sth. ……迟到
26)be made of 由……制成(物理变化) be made from由……制成(化学变化)
27)be satisfied with sth.对……感到满意
28)be free 空闲的，有空
29)be (ill) in bed 卧病在床
30)be busy doing (with) 忙于做……(忙于……)
