内容：
1. 表明祝贺原因
2. 对对方的品质，能力，或成就给予充分的肯定和赞扬
3. 表示祝愿
表示对对方未来的生活，事业，学业的美好祝愿，再次祝贺
开头：
1.I would like to sincerely congratulate you on your recent graduation from …(school) with your MBA(学位)
2.I hasten to tender you a word of congratulations on this splendid success.
3.I have received the invitation to your wedding， and as I cannot be present at that happy event， I write to offer my congratulations in person
4.I am heartily glad you are going to be married， and congratulate you upon the wisdom of your choice.
5.Congratulations most heartily upon the fulfillment of your hopes in a birth of a son.
正文：
1. I have noticed that you are bright and have a quick mind for business
2. I have always appreciated your never-failing professionalism
3. We are so proud of your diligence and skill.
Writing
According to some surveys done by the Ministry of Education, there are about 153 million illiterates and semi-illiterates in China. Its illiteracy rate in the western region is much higher than the countrys average level and it is as high as 40 percent. The rate for the countrys whole population stands at 14 percent. Write an essay of about 120 words, stating your opinion about this issue now confronting China.
「参考范文」
The task of educating a huge population can be challenging to any country. Though China has shown great concern and done much in education, and in eliminating illiteracy, it still has 153 million illiterate and semi-illiterate citizens, according to some statistics issued by the Ministry of Education. So, in my opinion, raising Chinas education level, to a large extent, depends on greater educational achievement in its vast western region and some other backward areas.
In the past decade, China has moved to combat illiteracy and promote nine years of compulsory schooling, especially in poor areas and areas inhabited by minorities, and has achieved a great success, but it seems a difficult task in regions where educational opportunities are limited. However, we should set a target that, by 2010, nine-year compulsory schooling should be realized and the illiteracy rate among young and middle-aged *s should be reduced to the minimum. Only in this way can China raise its national educational level.
Writing
An article in a newspaper once said: "As China strives to develop its western area, some effective measures should be taken to improve forestry in the region." Write an essay of about 120 words, stating what effective measures should be adopted to improve forestry in the western area.
「参考范文」
Over the past 10 years, China has made much headway in its afforestation and soil conservation. For instance, the national forest acreage has increased by 13.7 million hectares since the fourth national survey on forest resources in 1990. Despite these great achievements, some serious problems still remain to be solved such as how to improve forestry in the western area in the course of its economic development.
Forestry build-up in the west is a long-term task. In order to have this goal materialized, I think some concrete and effective measures should be taken immediately. For example, to protect the natural environment of the west, some previously cultivated areas should be returned to forest and grassland. In the course of improving forestry, some strict laws should made and their enforcement must be guaranteed. Those who violate forest protection laws must be severely punished. Only by taking these effective measures can forestry in the western area be improved.
——公共英语三级考前必背作文 (菁华3篇)
内容：
1. 表明写信的目的，注意语言礼貌
2. 说明投诉原因
3. 提出解决方案，并希望得到满意的解决方案，再次感谢。
开头：
1. I am writing to complain about…
2. I am writing to express my concern/dissatisfaction/disappointment about…
3. I feel sorry to trouble you but I am afraid I have to make a complaint about…
4. I am writing to inform you that I find …… unsatisfactory
5. I wish to draw your attention to the problem/fault that ……
结尾：
1. I trust you will take my complaint seriously and ……
2. I will appreciate it very much if you could…
3. I would be perfectly satisfied if you can kindly……
4. I understand you will give immediately attention to this matter.
5. Please let me know what you intend to do in this matter
6. In view of the inconvenience that this has caused， I feel you should…
7. I would like to have this matter settled by the end of…。
内容：
1. 表明祝贺原因
2. 对对方的品质，能力，或成就给予充分的肯定和赞扬
3. 表示祝愿
表示对对方未来的生活，事业，学业的美好祝愿，再次祝贺
开头：
1.I would like to sincerely congratulate you on your recent graduation from …(school) with your MBA(学位)
2.I hasten to tender you a word of congratulations on this splendid success.
3.I have received the invitation to your wedding， and as I cannot be present at that happy event， I write to offer my congratulations in person
4.I am heartily glad you are going to be married， and congratulate you upon the wisdom of your choice.
5.Congratulations most heartily upon the fulfillment of your hopes in a birth of a son.
正文：
1. I have noticed that you are bright and have a quick mind for business
2. I have always appreciated your never-failing professionalism
3. We are so proud of your diligence and skill.
Writing
An article in a newspaper once said: "As China strives to develop its western area, some effective measures should be taken to improve forestry in the region." Write an essay of about 120 words, stating what effective measures should be adopted to improve forestry in the western area.
「参考范文」
Over the past 10 years, China has made much headway in its afforestation and soil conservation. For instance, the national forest acreage has increased by 13.7 million hectares since the fourth national survey on forest resources in 1990. Despite these great achievements, some serious problems still remain to be solved such as how to improve forestry in the western area in the course of its economic development.
Forestry build-up in the west is a long-term task. In order to have this goal materialized, I think some concrete and effective measures should be taken immediately. For example, to protect the natural environment of the west, some previously cultivated areas should be returned to forest and grassland. In the course of improving forestry, some strict laws should made and their enforcement must be guaranteed. Those who violate forest protection laws must be severely punished. Only by taking these effective measures can forestry in the western area be improved.
——下半年公共英语三级考试报名时间 (菁华3篇)
| 级别/开考时间 | 上半年 | 下半年 |
| PETS-1B | 每年3月的第2个周六、周日 | 无 |
| PETS-1 | 每年3月的第2个周六、周日 | 每年9月的第2个周六、周日 |
| PETS-2 | 每年3月的第2个周六、周日 | 每年9月的第2个周六、周日 |
| PETS-3 | 每年3月的第2个周六、周日 | 每年9月的第2个周六、周日 |
| PETS-4 | 无 | 每年9月的第2个周六、周日 |
| PETS-5 | 每年6月的第3个周六、周日 | 每年12月的第3个周六、周日 |
1999年6月，教育部考试中心举行新闻发布会，向社会正式介绍PETS考试体系。同年九月PETS1~4考试在北京、天津、辽宁、浙江、山东、河南、广东等10省市试举行。2000年考试扩大到15省市，考试人数*100000人。1999年9月起有关单位用PETS-5考试正式取代了过去的WSKEPT考试。我国教育考试中心正在用PETS2、PETS4考试的标准改造高考与研究生考试中的英语考试。现正计划用PETS2考试分别取代自考公外的英语1级考试。
考试分笔试和口试两部分，内容包括：听力、语言知识、阅读、写作、口语。笔试和口试均合格者，由教育部考试中心颁发给《全国英语等级考试合格证书》。合格证书既可作为持有者英语能力水*的权威性证明;又可为各地各单位对其所用人才的英语水*提供一个公正、统一的评价尺度。
——公共英语二级口语经典对话 (菁华3篇)
【迷你小对话1】
A: I am as awkward as a cow on skates.
B: I know. These formal dinners just aren’t my speed.
A: I agree. Let’s not come to one of these events again.
A: 我笨得像一头穿着溜冰鞋的牛。
B: 我知道。我不喜欢这样正儿八经的晚餐。
A: 我也不喜欢。咱们以后再也别到这种场合了。
【迷你小对话2】
A: When I first went to China, I was so ham-fisted that I couldn’t even handle chopsticks.
B: You still are. Look, you’re pounding on the nuts, but they’re bouncing all over the floor.
A: 刚到*的时候，我笨手笨脚的，连筷子都不会用。
B: 现在你也不灵巧啊。瞧，砸个坚果弄得满地都是。
【语言点精讲】
be awkward as a cow on skates: 指某人行动笨拙，不能把事情办好。也可以用来形容某人没有信心把某项体育活动做好。
be not one’s speed: 指某人对所谈论的事不感兴趣。
ham-fisted: 笨手笨脚的'。愚笨的。
pound on: 猛敲，用力砸。
bounce: 弹跳。
【迷你小对话】
A: I am really klutzy on the dance floor. It’s like I have two left feet and no rhythm.
B: That’s a bogus excuse. You should take some dance lessons.
A: My dance abilities aren’t what they used to be. Lessons wouldn’t help.
B: You’re right. You look like a real clodhopper! You better just avoid dancing all together.
A: 我今天跳舞时可笨了，两只脚好像都是左脚一样，而且一点儿节奏感也没有。
B: 这可不是个好借口。你该去上上舞蹈课。
A: 我现在跳舞的水*可大不如以前了，上课也白搭。
B: 对呀，你跳起舞来就像个乡巴佬！你最好干脆别跳舞了。
【语言点精讲】
klutzy: 这个词在口语中常用来形容一个经常撞到某物或者经常掉东西的人。
have two left feet: 用来形容某人动作不协调。也可以说have two left hands.
dance floor: 舞池。
rhythm: 节奏。
clodhopper:土里土气的粗人；乡下佬。
A: He has a real skill when it comes to diplomacy.
B: Do you know what his technique is that makes him so skilled?
A: It’s a natural gift. He just knows how to deal with people effectively.
B: I have seen him network at social events and he does seem to have a certain flair for dealing with all types of people.
A: 他这个人处理人际关系很有一套。
B: 你知道他这样游刃有余到底用的是什么技巧呢？
A: 那是一种天赋，他就是知道如何有效地语言与人交往。
B: 我曾经见过他在聚会上四处建立联系，他的确具备与各种人打交道的天赋。
【语言点精讲】
diplomacy: 外交；（处理人际关系等的）手腕圆滑。
technique: （科学、艺术等方面在过程、细节或表现方面展示的）专业技巧；技术，方法。
gift: （用于某些特殊工作的高层次的）天赋；才能；天资。
flair: （天生的或特别的）才能；天赋；天资。
network: （为自己的发展）同他人建立关系。
——下半年公共英语三级考试报名时间 (菁华3篇)
| 级别/开考时间 | 上半年 | 下半年 |
| PETS-1B | 每年3月的第2个周六、周日 | 无 |
| PETS-1 | 每年3月的第2个周六、周日 | 每年9月的第2个周六、周日 |
| PETS-2 | 每年3月的第2个周六、周日 | 每年9月的第2个周六、周日 |
| PETS-3 | 每年3月的第2个周六、周日 | 每年9月的第2个周六、周日 |
| PETS-4 | 无 | 每年9月的第2个周六、周日 |
| PETS-5 | 每年6月的第3个周六、周日 | 每年12月的第3个周六、周日 |
1999年6月，教育部考试中心举行新闻发布会，向社会正式介绍PETS考试体系。同年九月PETS1~4考试在北京、天津、辽宁、浙江、山东、河南、广东等10省市试举行。2000年考试扩大到15省市，考试人数*100000人。1999年9月起有关单位用PETS-5考试正式取代了过去的WSKEPT考试。我国教育考试中心正在用PETS2、PETS4考试的标准改造高考与研究生考试中的英语考试。现正计划用PETS2考试分别取代自考公外的英语1级考试。
考试分笔试和口试两部分，内容包括：听力、语言知识、阅读、写作、口语。笔试和口试均合格者，由教育部考试中心颁发给《全国英语等级考试合格证书》。合格证书既可作为持有者英语能力水*的权威性证明;又可为各地各单位对其所用人才的英语水*提供一个公正、统一的评价尺度。
——公共英语一级的作文 (菁华3篇)
Dear Sir/Madam：
How do you do? I learned from the advertisement that English Weekly is looking for some part-time journalists. I’m very interested in this position. Now let me briefly introduce myself.
I’m Li Hua, 15years old, currently studying in Xinhua Middle School. I have an excellent academic record and a wide range of interest in a lot of subjects, such as history, geography, arts and literature. Not only can I speak English fluently, but also I can express my ideas freely on paper. Moreover, as I have been one of the editors of our school’s newspaper since 2 years ago, I’m quite experienced in editing and writing. Last but not the least, I can cooperate very well with my classmates, which I believe will benefit my future work.
I’d appreciate it if you could give me this opportunity.
I’m looking forward to your re*. Thanks!
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua.
Miss Li：
I have to go out at once . And I think I will come back in about two hours . Please tell me all the people in our company that there is going to be a meeting in the hall at four o’clock . Everybody has to attendthe meeting because I have something important to tell them .
Wang
Xiao Wang：
I have to go home at once because my father phoned me just now , he said that my mother was badly ill and we need to sendher to hospital . I'm sorry to tell you that maybe tomorrow I can't go to the airport to see you off . I wish you a good trip .
Wu Dan
——公共英语三级写作 (菁华3篇)
继续教育问题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic A Boom in Continuing Education. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
1)上图为某城市2002-2008年参加继续教育的人数情况，请描述其中的变化;
2)分析导致该变化的原因;
3)谈谈你对继续教育的.看法。
【范文】
A Boom in Continuing Education
From the graph, we can learn the number of continuing education participants has kept increasing from 2002 to 2008 in X city. In 2002 there were only 20 thousand people taking part in the continuing education, but in 2004 the number grew to 70 thousand, and in 2006 150, and by 2008, the number has reached 230 thousand. It can be seen easily that continuing education is gaining more and more popularity。
The following reasons are responsible for this boom in continuing education. Firstly, during the work many people begin to realize what they have learned in schools is far from enough. So they turn to continuing education to gain more knowledge and skills. Moreover, as the science and technology in China are developing very fast, *s after graduation have to refresh themselves. In addition, in modern society, those without bachelor's degrees or above are less competitive。
As far as I am concerned, the boom in continuing education is a necessity. It provides those on-the-job people with chances to get advanced degrees and gain more knowledge. As our society develops, more and more people will receive continuing education in the future。
Writing
Below are three tables showing the changes in your family since 1985. Look at the table and write an essay of about 120 words making reference to the following points.
1. What was your home like before 1985?
2. What are the changes after 1985?
Changes in My Home
Many changes have taken place in my home since 1985. A few years ago, we lived in a twelve-meter-square room which was used as bedroom, our study as well as our dining room. I often quarreled with my sister since she often occupied the only small table or the stool.
Later, our family moved into a new house with two large bedrooms, one sitting room, one kitchen and a clean toilet. A color TV took the place of the old black-white one and a beautiful four-speaker . My parents' books found a new place in a larger bookcase and we can keep fruits, pork, eggs in a refrigerator. With the development of society, every family's life has been improved a great deal indeed.
Writing
A certain college lacks some qualified teachers of English. Write a letter of recommendation of Mr.Zhong Yong, a teacher of English at a middle school. Your letter should refer to the following points:
1. Personal data
2. His work experience
3. His qualifications
You should write approximately 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter. Use "Zhang Ping" instead. You do not need to write the address.
Name of Applicant: Zhong Yong
Mailing Address: Flat 602, Building 98
Sibei Rd.
Xiamen, Fujian Province
China
Email Address: zhyggu@dimk.com
Present Occupation: Teaching
Employer: the Education Bureau of Xiamen City
Programme of Study: English
Area of Specialization: Applied Linguistics
Degree: M.A.
Name of Reference: Lin Long
Mr.Zhong Yong graduated from the English Department of the Zhangzhou Teachers' College in 1998. During his college years, he achieved excellent results in study. He has some capacity to do research work and shows much promise as a college teacher.
Mr.Zhong Yong to read and speak English. He is, however, a bit weak in writing and must work harder to improve himself in this respect.
I recommend Mr.Zhong Yong and hope that he will be chosen as a college teacher.
Yours very truly,
Zhang Ping,
——公共英语三级写作范文 (菁华3篇)
Writing
As is known to all, com*rs are becoming more and more popular in our daily life nowadays, especially in education. Write a short essay of about 120 words, describing how important com*rs are in education.
「参考范文」
It has turned out that com*rs have become quite indispensable to education. With com*rs, students can do their homework more quickly and more efficiently; with com*rs, teachers can reduce their work load and improve their teaching. For instance, com*rs can free teachers from certain kinds of time-consuming bookkeeping; help teachers "bank" test items, thus greatly reducing the time required to produce a new test, and mark test papers. More importantly, they can ***yze test results, indicating to the teacher which points may need further treatment in class. They can also make it possible for a teacher in the classroom to give individual attention to students who are having trouble in their studies. While the rest of a class is working on an educational program, the teacher can take the time to work directly with a student who is falling behind. So it goes without saying that com*rs are extremely important in education at all levels.
Writing
As is known to all, com*rs are becoming more and more popular in our daily life nowadays, especially in education. Write a short essay of about 120 words, describing how important com*rs are in education.
「参考范文」
It has turned out that com*rs have become quite indispensable to education. With com*rs, students can do their homework more quickly and more efficiently; with com*rs, teachers can reduce their work load and improve their teaching. For instance, com*rs can free teachers from certain kinds of time-consuming bookkeeping; help teachers "bank" test items, thus greatly reducing the time required to produce a new test, and mark test papers. More importantly, they can ***yze test results, indicating to the teacher which points may need further treatment in class. They can also make it possible for a teacher in the classroom to give individual attention to students who are having trouble in their studies. While the rest of a class is working on an educational program, the teacher can take the time to work directly with a student who is falling behind. So it goes without saying that com*rs are extremely important in education at all levels.
Writing
Below is a chart showing the global water sup*. Write an essay of about 120 words making references to the following points:
1) describe the percentage of different kinds of water sup* of the world;
2) ***yze the current situation of fresh water on earth;
3) give the possible reasons for this situation.
「参考范文」
Water is a precious resource. Although we are surrounded by it in oceans, lakes, rivers and streams, our sup* is limited. The chart given shows that most of the water on earth — 97.4 percent — is salt water stored in oceans. Only 2.6 percent of the earth's water is fresh water, and 2 percent is locked up in ice caps and glaciers. Thus the fresh water left for us to use is only 0.6 percent of the total water sup*.
There will never be any more fresh water than there is now. In fact, the earth is short of fresh water. Besides, the increasing growth of the world population, the growing demand of industry for water, the serious pollution of our environment — all this makes the world in danger of running out of fresh water. In some large cities such as Tianjin, fresh water cannot meet the daily needs.
Since water is essential to all life and the sup* limited, we must manage it intelligently and carefully.
——公共英语五级阅读文章 (菁华3篇)
Evolution and Wheels
In the past, evolutionary biologists contemplating the absence of wheels in nature agreed that the explanation was not undesirability: wheels would be good for animals, just as they are for us. Animals were prevented from evolving wheels, the biologists reasoned, by the following dilemma: living cells in an animal's body are connected to the heart by blood vessels, and to the brain by nerves. Because a rotating joint is essential to a wheel, a wheel made of living cells would twist its artery vein and nerve connections at the first revolution, making living impracticable. However, there is a flaw in the argument that the evolution of wheeled animals was thwarted by the insoluble joint problem. The theory fails to explain why animals have not evolved wheels of dead tissue with no need for arteries and nerves. Countless animals, including us, bear external structures without blood sup* or nerves - for example, our hair and fingernails, or the scales, claws, and ho rns of other animals. Why have rats not evolved bony wheels, similar to roller skates?Paws might be more useful than wheels in some situations, but cats' claws are retractable: why not retractable wheels?We thus arrive at the serious biological paradox flippantly termed the RRR dilemma: nature's failure to produce rats with retractable roller skates.
进化与轮子
从前，研究自然界没有轮子的进化论生物学家都同意不能用无此需要来解释这种现象：轮子对于动物会像对于我们人类一样有好处。生物学家们推论，动物没有进化出轮子是由下述困难所致：动物身上的活细胞通过血管与心脏相连，通过神经与大脑相连。因为一个旋转的接头对轮子来说是至关重要的，由活的细胞构成的轮子在第一次转动时便会扭伤其上的动脉和神经的连结，因而不现实。
不过，动物未能进化出轮子是受阻于无法解决接头问题的说法有一个缺陷。这种理论无法解释为何动物没有进化出由死组织构成的而无需动脉和神经的`轮子。包括人在内的无数动物都有一些没有血液供应和神经的体外构造，例如，我们的头发和指甲，或者鳞片、爪子和其它一些动物的角。为什么老鼠没有进化出类似于滑轮溜冰鞋的骨质的轮子呢?在某些情况下，爪子可能比轮子更有用，但猫的爪子是可以伸缩的：为什么不能有可以伸缩的轮 子呢?这样，我们便得出了一个被戏称为 RRR 的严肃的生物学悖论：大自然未能产生出有可伸缩的滑轮溜冰鞋的老鼠。
Archaeology is a source of history, not just a humble auxiliary discipline. Archaeological data are historical documents in their own right, not mere illustrations to written texts. Just as much as any other historian, an archaeologist studies and tries to reconstitute the process that has created the human world in which we live —— and us ourselves in so far as we are each creatures of our age and social environment. Archaeological data are all changes in the material world resulting from human action or, more succinctly, the fossilized results of human behavior. The sum total of these constitutes what may be called the archaeological record. This record exhibits certain peculiarities and deficiencies the consequences of which produce a rather superficial contrast between archaeological history and the more familiar kind based upon written records.
Not all human behavior fossilizes. The words I utter and you hear as vibrations in the air are certainly human changes in the material world and may be of great historical significance. Yet they leave no sort of trace in the archaeological records unless they are captured by a dictaphone or written down by a clerk. The movement of troops on the battlefield may "change the course of history," but this is equally ephemeral from the archaeologist's standpoint. What is perhaps worse, most organic materials are perishable. Everything made of wood, hide, wool, linen, grass, hair, and similar materials will decay and vanish in dust in a few years or centuries, save under very exceptional conditions. In a relatively brief period the archaeological record is reduced to mere scraps of stone, bone, glass, metal, and earthenware. Still modern archaeology, by ap*ing appropriate techniques and comparative methods, aided by a few lucky finds from peat-bogs, deserts, and frozen soils, is able to fill up a good deal of the gap.
考古学是历史学的一个来源，而不是地位卑微的辅助学科。考古学资料本身也是一种 历史文献，而不仅仅是文字资料的例证。正象任何一位历史学家那样，考古学家研究调查并尽力去重构一个过程。这个过程创造了我们生活的人类世界，也创造了我们自身，因为我们都是我们所处的时代和社会环境的产物。考古学的资料就是人类行为所造成的物质变化。更简洁地说，是石化了的人类行为。这些变化的总和构成了我们所说的考古学记录。这些记录自有其独特和不足之处，因而导致人们对考古历史和更熟悉的文字记载历史进行相当肤浅的对比。
并不是所有的人类行为都留下化石。我说的话，你通过空气振动听见，这当然是人类造成的物质变化，也可能有重大的历史意义，但这些话在考古学中未留下丝毫痕迹，除非有人用录音机录下来或文书把这些话写了下来。战场上军队的行动可能"改变历史的进程"，但从考古学的观点来看，这同样是难以捕捉的;可能更糟的是，多数有机物质会腐烂。任何由木头、生皮、绒线、亚麻、草、毛发以及相似物质做成的东西除非在一些非常特殊的条件下，几年或几个世纪以后，会在尘土中腐烂并消失。在短时期内，能留下考古记录的东西也都会退化为石头、骨头、玻璃、金属和陶器的碎片。然而，现代的 考古学通过运用适当的技术和比较的方法，在从泥炭、沙漠和冻土中所获得的一些幸运发现的辅助下，能够填充这个空缺的很大部分。
From Boston to Los Angeles, from New York City to Chicago to Dallas, museums are either planning, building, or wrapping up wholesale expansion programs. These programs already have radically altered facades and floor plans or are expected to do so in the not-too-distant future.
In New York City alone, six major institutions have spread up and out into the air space and neighborhoods around them or are preparing to do so.
The reasons for this confluence of activity are complex, but one factor is a consideration everywhere -- space. With collections expanding, with the needs and functions of museums changing, empty space has become a very precious commodity.
Probably nowhere in the country is this more true than at the Philadelphia Museum of Art, which has needed additional space for decades and which received its last significant facelift ten years ago. Because of the space crunch, the Art Museum has become increasingly cautious in considering acquisitions and donations of art, in some cases passing up opportunities to strengthen its collections.
Deaccessing -- or selling off -- works of art has taken on new importance because of the museum's space problems. And increasingly, curators have been forced to juggle gallery space, rotating one masterpiece into public view while another is sent to storage.
Despite the clear need for additional gallery and storage space, however, "the museum has no plan, no plan to break out of its envelope in the next fifteen years," according to Philadelphia Museum of Art's president.
从波士顿到洛杉机，从纽约到芝加哥、到达拉斯，所有的博物馆或者正在筹划、建造或者正在完成大规模的扩建计划。这些计划或者已经根本性地改变了博物馆门面与展厅的设计，或者预期在不久的将来会这样做。
单单在纽约市，六个主要机构或者已经向空中和周围扩展，或者正准备这样做。
大家一致行动的原因是复杂多样的，但其中的一个因素是普遍考虑的空间问题。随着收藏品的增多，也随着博物馆的需要和功能的变化，空间已经变成了一项非常珍贵的商品。
在我国，也许没有任何其他地方比费城艺术博物馆更符合这个事实。这个博物馆几十年来一直需要额外的空间，十年前进行了最后一次重大的翻新。由于空间紧缺，该艺术博物馆在考虑购买与受赠艺术品已越来越谨慎，有时甚至放弃增强艺术收藏的机会。由于博物馆的空间问题，将艺术品脱手或者说卖掉已经有了新的重要意义。 博物馆馆长们被迫巧妙轮换利用陈列馆的空间，轮流着把一些艺术杰作向公众展出，而把另一些送入存储室中。
虽然对额外的陈列室和存储室空间需要很明显，但据费城艺术博物馆经理讲：“博物馆还没有在未来十五年打破这个束缚的计划。”
