British newspapers are much smaller than they used to be and their readers are often in a hurry ,so newspapermen write as few words as possible .They tell their readers at once what happened ,where ,when and how it happened and what was the result : how many people were killed ,what change was done and so on .Readers want the fact(事实) set out as fully and accurately as possible .Readers are also interested in the people who have seen the accident. So a newspaperman always likes to get some information (信息)from someone who was there, which can be given in the person’s own words .Because he can use only a few words ,the newspaperman must choose those words carefully ,every one must be effective(有效). Instead of “he called out in a loud voice”, he writes” he shouted”; instead of “the loose stones rolled noisily down the side of the mountain”, he will write” they thundered down the mountainside”. Because many of the readers aren’t very clever, and most of them are in a hurry.
1. From the text, we learn that newspapermen write as few words as possible ,because readers___.
A. want to know more about the news
B. take no interest in what has happened
C. have no time to read the news carefully
D. pay much attention to the result
2. The underlined word”one” in the text refers to ______. A.word B.newspaperman C.reader D.person
3. Which of the following would best complete the text ?
A. he will keep his writing short
B. he won’t care about his writing
C. he will give nothing but information
D. he won’t make his writing good enough.
4. In what way do you think British newspapers have become smaller?
A. In a page size. B. In number of readers.
C. In number of pages. D. In number of copies
5. Which of the following is true?
A. Readers are not satisfied with the short news.
B. Not many people have time to read the long articles in newspapers.
> C. Readers find the language of the newspapers exciting.
D. Newspapermen try to report as fully as possible.
CABAB
American boys and girls love to watch television. Some children spend six hours a day in school and four to six hours a day in front of the television set. Some even watch television for eight hours or more on Saturday.
Televisions are like books or films. A child can learn bad things and good things from them. Some programs(节目) help children to understand (理解)the news, others show people and places from other countries or other time in history. With television a child does not have to go to the zoo to see animals to the ocean to see a ship. Boys and girls can see a play, a concert or a game at home.
Television brings many places and events into our homes. Some programs show crime(犯罪) and other things that are bad for children, so parents sometimes help them to find other interesting things to do.
( )1. Some children spend eight hours more _______.
A. studying B. playing games
C. watching TV D. helping their parents.
( )2. On television children can see _____.
A. games B. big animals
C. oceans D. almost everything
( )3. Children usually spend _______ a day in school.
A. six hours B. more than eight hours
C. only a few hours D. four hours.
( )4. “Television brings places and events into homes” means_____.
A. television makes things happen in homes
B. we can know places and events without going to see them.
C. we can see houses and buildings on TV.
D. we can find them easily.
( )5. Parents sometimes help their children find other things to do when there is ____ for children .
A. a bad programs B. an animal
C. a game D. an uninteresting film
答案
CDABA
My grandfather is a teacher. He is the head teacher of a school for boys between the ages of thirteen and eighteen. I know that he is a kind man, because he gives me presents(礼物), and let me sit on his knees(膝盖), and tells me stories. But I believe(相信) the boys at his school are afraid of him. At school, when he walks into a room full of boys, they will be quiet at once(立刻). When he looks at a boy with a certain look in his eyes, that boy’s face goes red, and looks down at his shoes. If a boy brings careless(粗心的') work, my grandfather will pick up the boy’s book and throw(扔) it across the room, shouting(喊), “Do it all again, and bring it back the first thing in the morning!” if the boy is late, or if he forgets to bring the work, he has to do it again, and again and yet again.
1.My grandfather is ______.
A.a kind teacher B. a teacher, and he gives presents to his students.
C. the head teacher of a boy’s school
D. a boy at a school. In that school, everyone was afraid of the head teacher.
2. I know my grandfather is kind because_________.
A. he is the head teacher of a boy’s school.
B. he gives me presents and tells me stories.
C. he tells me stories about how kind he is.
D. the boys at his school aren’t afraid of him.
3. When he looks at a boy in a certain way, that boy ________
A. goes red in the face and could not return my grandfather’s look.
B. looks back at my grandfather’s red face
C. looks at his shoes to see if they are dirty.
D. goes red in the face because his shoes are dirty.
4.My grandfather does not like to receive________
A. my poor work B. the work that the boys can’t do
C. his students’ careless work D. the most careful work
5. When he receives any boy’s poor work, my grandfather will____
A. shout at him and throw it across the room ?
B. go red in the face
C. throw his students’ books and shout in the room. ?
D. throw the book at the boy
答案：1-5 CBACA
James wrote a play for television about a family who came to England from India, and the James was then invited to go to New York to help them. He lived in Washington, which is an play was very interesting. It was bought by an American TV company(公司). hour away from New York by air. The plane was going to take off at 8:30 in the morning. So he had to be at the airport at bout 7:30. He ordered a taxi for 6:30 and went to sleep. He forgot to wind the clock, and it stopped after midnight. Also the driver of the taxi had to work very late that night and he got up very late the next morning.
James woke with the feeling that something was wrong. He looked at his clock. It stood there silently with the hands pointing to ten past twelve. He turned on the radio and knew it was ten. He was late for the plane.
He was just preparing his coffee when the radio sent out another news, “Reports are coming in of a plane crash(飞机坠落)near Washington airport. A Boeing 707 fly to New York crashed shortly after taking off this morning. Plane number 2234” James suddenly turned pale(苍白).
根据短文内容,判断各句是否符合短文意思，符合的划“√”，否则划“×”。
1、James was a writer from England.
2、He had to reach the airport at half past eight.
3、James would like to take a taxi at six thirty.
4、The driver came to pick him up on time.
5、When he turned on the radio he heard the speaker saying that he missed the plane.
6、James was lucky because he was not able to get on the plane.
7、The plane crashed while flying towards London.
8、Sometimes bad things can change into good ones.
【答案】：
1、× 6、√ 2、× 7、× 3、√ 8、√ 4、× 5、× “My plane,” he said aloud. “If I havent been late, “Id have been on the plane!”
New York is one of the last large American cities to have some of its policemen on horseback. The New York police have 170 horses working in certain parts of the city. The horses are expensive to feed, but it is even more expensive to look after them. Because the horses must walk on the streets, they need special horseshoes. In fact , they need more than 8,000 of them each year. Every police horse in New York gets new shoes every month. Keeping these shoes in good repair is the job of six blacksmiths. There are only about thirty-five of these blacksmiths in the whole United States.
The cost of shoing a horse is between twenty dollars and thirty-five dollars, and it takes a good blacksmith two or three hours to do the job.
A blacksmith's job is not an easy one. He must be able to shape a shoe from a piece of metal and then fit it to the horse's foot. The blacksmith must bend over all the time when he is fitting the shoe and must hold the weight of the horse's leg while he works. Clearly, a blacksmith must be very storng. But even more important, he must be able to deal with horses――for before the blacksmith can begin his work, he has to get the horse to lift its leg.
One of the blacksmiths in New York is James Corbin. He came to the country from Ireland in 1948. He not only makes horseshoes for the police but also works for a group of horse owners near the city. Corbin became interested in blacksmithing because his father did it, and,as the puts it,“It's a good way to make a living.”
1.According to the reading passage, a blacksmith must be likely a______ man.
A.clever B.rich C.strong D.lucky
2.James Corbin became a blacksmith because he__________.
A.was interested in horses B.was needed by the policemen
C.drew a picture of the horseshoe D.had a make a living
3.In the reading passage "to shape a shoe" is to__________.
A.fit it on the horse's foot
B.use it for two or three hours
C.make the from of a horseshoe from a piece of metal
D.draw a picture of the shoe
4.The best title for the passage is“__________”.
A.Policemen on Horseback B.Blacksmiths and Horseshoeing
C.James Corbin, a Blacksmith D.Horseshoeing is a Good Way to Make a Living
5.Which of the following is true?
A.Only a few large American cities have some policemen on horseback.
B.New York is the only city in America to have some policemen on horseback.
C.Policemen on horseback enjoy travelli
ng around the United States.
D.Policemen on horseback are less expensive than those in cars.
阅读理解答案：
ADCBA
——初一英语阅读理解及答案 (菁华3篇)
Last week Mrs. Milly went to London. She does not know London very well, and she lost her way. Suddenly, she saw a man near a bus stop.” I can ask him the way,” she said to herself. “Excuse me,” she said. “Can you tell me the way to King Street, please?” The man smiled pleasantly. He did not understand English! He was a tourist. Then he put his hand into his pocket, and took out a phrasebook短语手册. He opened the book and found a phrase. He read the phrase slowly.” I am sorry,” he said.” I do not speak English.”
判断正误T or F
( )1. Mrs. Milly went to London last week.
( )2. Mrs. Milly asked a man the way to a bus stop.
( )3. The man didn’t know the way to King Street.
( )4. The man was a tourist and he knew English well.
( )5. The phrasebook was in the hand of the man.
答案
T T T F T
My name is Chen Lan. My home is in Gulangyu. It is in Xiamen. It is near the sea. Culangyu is a small place, but it is very nice and clean. There are no cars, no buses or no bikes. People only walk. So it is very quiet. People go to visit Gulangyu by ship. Our house is in the middle of Gulangyu. Behind our house there is a big tree. My grandfather tells me that the tree is very, very old. There are many birds in the tree. We call it a “bird tree”. Our house is near the sea. The sea is big and blue. There are a lot of fish in the sea. After school, I go there and catch fish with my friends. It is very interesting. I like fish and I like catching fish.
( ) 1. Gulangyu is an island岛屿.
( ) 2. Chen Lan tells us a lot about her parents.
( ) 3. There are no traffic交通 in Gulangyu.
( ) 4. Chen Lan always goes fishing alone.
( ) 5. Chen Lan is from Xiamen.
答案
T F T F T
“Joe, you are a very old dog,” said policeman Fred. “Today is your birthday again. I remember you were 14 years old last year. But you are still the best police dog in the world!”
“ARF! ARF!” barked Joe.
“You are welcome,” said Fred. “ Now let’s get your birthday dinner. Show me where
you want to eat.
Joe led Fred down the street. Good smells came from all the eating places. But Joe wandered on闲逛. At last he stopped at a small place. He smelled around the door. Then he pushed the door open.
“Is this where you want to eat?” asked Fred. But Joe did not bark an answer. He put his nose to the floor and ran across the room. Then he jumped on a man at a table! “Good boy, Joe!” said Fred. Joe and Fred have looked for the robber for ten years. “And now you have found him!”
Joe and Fred took the robber to the police station. Then Fred said, “All right, Joe, you have done your work. Well done! Congratulations. Now do you want that birthday dinner?” “ARF!” barked Joe, “ARF! ARF!” “Let’s go,” said Fred. “I’m hungry, too.”
1. How old is Joe?
A Fifteen. B Five. C Thirteen. D Fourteen.
2. How many years have the police and Joe looked for the robber?
A 13. B 10. C 6. D 7.
3. In the story, Joe says “ARF! ARF!” twice. The first time he means “____”.
A Hello! How are you? B Thank you.
C Oh. No. I’m not a good dog. D I’m sorry to hear that.
4 Fred wants to give Joe a dinner because ____.
A it’s Joe’s birthday B today is Fred’s birthday
C Fred found an eating place D Joe caught the robber
5 Joe is great, isn’t he?
A Yes, he is. B No, he isn’t. C Yes, he isn’t. D No, he is.
答案
A B BA A
——初一英语阅读理解及答案 (菁华3篇)
Nigel is our new next-door neighbour. He’s a pilot. He was in the R.F.A. He will fly to New York next month. The month after next he’ll fly to Tokyo. At the moment, he’s in Madrid. He flew to Spain a week ago. He’ll return to London the week after next . He’s only forty-one years old, and he has already been to nearly every country in the world. Nigel is a very lucky man. But his wife isn’t very lucky. She usually stays at home!
1. Nigel’s job is a ________.
A. teacher B. doctor C. actor D. pilot
2. ____ Nigel will fly to Tokyo.
A. next month B. the month after next
C. a week before D. We don’t know in the text.
3. How old will he be the next year?__________
A. forty B. forty-one C. forty-two D. forty-three
4. What does Nigel’s wife usually do?
A. Goes to every country in the world with Nigel. B. Goes to work
C. Fly to New York and London. D. Stays at home.
5. Is Nigel’s wife lucky?
A. Yes, she is. B. No, she isn’t. C. She is lucky. D. No, she is.
答案
D B C D B
“Joe, you are a very old dog,” said policeman Fred. “Today is your birthday again. I remember you were 14 years old last year. But you are still the best police dog in the world!”
“ARF! ARF!” barked Joe.
“You are welcome,” said Fred. “ Now let’s get your birthday dinner. Show me where
you want to eat.
Joe led Fred down the street. Good smells came from all the eating places. But Joe wandered on闲逛. At last he stopped at a small place. He smelled around the door. Then he pushed the door open.
“Is this where you want to eat?” asked Fred. But Joe did not bark an answer. He put his nose to the floor and ran across the room. Then he jumped on a man at a table! “Good boy, Joe!” said Fred. Joe and Fred have looked for the robber for ten years. “And now you have found him!”
Joe and Fred took the robber to the police station. Then Fred said, “All right, Joe, you have done your work. Well done! Congratulations. Now do you want that birthday dinner?” “ARF!” barked Joe, “ARF! ARF!” “Let’s go,” said Fred. “I’m hungry, too.”
1. How old is Joe?
A Fifteen. B Five. C Thirteen. D Fourteen.
2. How many years have the police and Joe looked for the robber?
A 13. B 10. C 6. D 7.
3. In the story, Joe says “ARF! ARF!” twice. The first time he means “____”.
A Hello! How are you? B Thank you.
C Oh. No. I’m not a good dog. D I’m sorry to hear that.
4 Fred wants to give Joe a dinner because ____.
A it’s Joe’s birthday B today is Fred’s birthday
C Fred found an eating place D Joe caught the robber
5 Joe is great, isn’t he?
A Yes, he is. B No, he isn’t. C Yes, he isn’t. D No, he is.
答案
A B BA A
The Sawyers live at 87 King Street. In the morning, Mr. Sawyer goes to work and the children go to school. Their father takes them to school every day. Mrs. Sawyer stays at home every day. She does the housework. She always eats her lunch at noon. In the afternoon, she usually sees her friends. They often drink tea together. In the evening, the children come home from school. They arrive home early. Mr. Sawyer comes home from work. He arrives home late. At night, the children always do their homework, Then they go to bed. Mr. Sawyer usually reads his newspaper, but sometimes he and his wife watch television,
1. Where do the Sawyers live?___________________
2. What does Mrs. Sawyer do every day?____________________
3. Who does Mrs. Sawyer see in the afternoon?_____________________
4. Do the children arrive home early?_______________________
5. Does Mr. Sawyer arrive home early?_____________________-
6. What do the children often do at night?_______________________
7. Does Mr. Sawyer usually read his newspaper at night?______________
——《考试对教育产生有害的影响》英语阅读理解题及答案 (菁华3篇)
When it comes to schooling， the Herrera boys are no match for the Herrera girls. Last week， four years after she arrived from Honduras， Martha， 20， graduated from Fairfax High School in Los Angeles. She managed decent grades while working 36 hours a week at a Kentucky Fried Chicken. Her sister， Marlin， 22， attends a local community college and will soon be a certified nurse assistant. The brothers are a different story. Oscar， 17， was expelled two years ago from Fairfax for carrying a knife and later dropped out of a different school. The youngest， Jonathan， 15， is now in a juvenile boot camp after running into trouble with the law. “The boys get sidetracked more，” says the kids' mother， Suyapa Landaverde. “The girls are more confident.”
This is no aberration. Immigrant girls consistently outperform boys， according to the preliminary findings of a just-completed， five-year study of immigrant children——the largest of its kind， including Latino， Chinese and Haitian kids——by Marcelo and Carola Suarez-Orozco of the Harvard Graduate School of Education. Though that trend holds for U.S.-born kids as well， the reasons for the discrepancy among immigrants are different. The study found that immigrant girls are more adept at straddling cultures than boys. “The girls are able to retain some of the protective features of [their native] culture” because they're kept closer to the hearth， says Marcelo Suarez-Orozco， “while they maximize their acquisition of skills in the new culture” by helping their parents navigate it.
Consider the kids' experiences in school. The study found that boys face more peer pressure to adopt American youth culture——the dress， the slang， the disdain for education. They're disciplined more often and， as a result， develop more adversarial relationships with teachers——and the wider society. They may also face more debilitating prejudices. One teacher interviewed for the study said that the “cultural awareness training” she received as part of her continuing education included depictions of Latino boys as “aggressive” and “really macho” and of the girls as “pure sweetness.”
Gender shapes immigrant kids' experiences outside school as well. Often hailing from traditional cultures， the girls face greater domestic obligations. They also frequently act as “cultural ambassadors，” translating for parents and mediating between them and the outside world， says Carola Suarez-Orozco. An unintended consequence： “The girls get foisted into a responsible role more than the boys do.” Take Christina Im， 18， a junior at Fairfax who arrived from South Korea four years ago. She ranks ninth in a class of 400 students and still finds time to fix dinner for the family and work on Saturdays at her mother's clothing shop. Her brother? “He plays com*r games，” says Im.
The Harvard study bears a cautionary note： If large numbers of immigrant boys continue to be alienated academically——and to be clear， plenty perform phenomenally——they risk sinking irretrievably into an economic underclass. Oscar Herrera， Martha's dropout brother， may be realizing that. “I'm thinking of returning to school，” he recently told his mother. He ought to look to his sisters for guidance.
1. In the opening paragraph， the author introduces his topic by
[A]posing a contrast
[B]justifying an assumption
[C]making a comparison
[D]explaining a phenomenon
2. The statement “they also frequently act as ‘cultural ambassadors’”(Line two， Paragraph 4) implies that
[A]they work as a translator for their parents
[B]they help their parents have a better understanding of the foreign culture
[C]they encourage their parents to go into the outside world
[D]their parents help them realize their dream of becoming an ambassador.
3. Immigrant boys do not fare well in the outside world because of the following reasons， except that
[A]American youth culture has a bad influence on the boys
[B]people have prejudice against them
[C]their sense of responsibility is not as strong as that of the girls
[D]they do not get well along with the teachers and the outside world
4. Marcelo and Carola Suarez-Orozco have eventually found in their study that
[A]the immigrant boys should not be allowed to go into the outside world
[B]the immigrant boys have no judgment about the youth culture
[C]the immigrant girls do a better job than the immigrant boys
[D]the immigrant boys should be severely disciplined
5. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
[A]All the dropouts should receive good education.
[B]Many immigrant boys are likely to fall into trouble in the future.
[C]Schooling education has been neglected.
[D]More attention should be paid to the immigrant children.
词汇注释
sidetracked 使受牵制的，误入歧途的
aberration 失常;偏差
outperform 胜过
preliminary 预备的，初步的
discrepancy 相差，差异，矛盾
adept at 熟练于…;擅长于…
straddle 跨坐
navigate 航行于，驾驶，操纵
adversarial 敌手的，对手的
debilitate 使衰弱，使虚弱
macho 男子的，男子气的
hailing from 来自，在某地生长
mediate 仲裁，调停
foist 偷偷插入，使混入
phenomenally 现象上的，明白地;惊人地
irretrievably 不能挽回地，不能补救地
look to sb. for sth.以来或指望某人提供或作某事物
fare 进展;成功
难句讲解
1. Last week， four years after she arrived from Honduras， Martha， 20， graduated from Fairfax High School in Los Angeles. She managed decent grades while working 36 hours a week at a Kentucky Fried Chicken.
[简析] 本句话是一个并列句，其主干“Martha graduated from Fairfax High School in Los Angeles. She managed decent grades…”。four years after she arrived from Honduras和20是插入语;while引导的断语作状语，表示让步。
2. “The girls are able to retain some of the protective features of [their native] culture” because they're kept closer to the hearth， says Marcelo Suarez-Orozco， “while they maximize their acquisition of skills in the new culture” by helping their parents navigate it.
[简析]本句话的主干是“The girls are able to retain some of the protective features…”。Because引导的是原因庄宇从句;says Marcelo Suarez-Orozco是插入语;while 引导的是时间状语从句，其中的by引导的短语作状语，其中的it指的是new culture.
3. One teacher interviewed for the study said that the “cultural awareness training” she received as part of her continuing education included depictions of Latino boys as “aggressive” and “really macho” and of the girls as “pure sweetness.”
[简析]本句话的主干是“One teacher said that…”。interviewed for the study作定语修饰teacher;that 引导的是宾语从句，其中的she received as part of her continuing education是一个省略了引导词的定语从句，修饰cultural awareness training.
4. The Harvard study bears a cautionary note： If large numbers of immigrant boys continue to be alienated academically——and to be clear， plenty perform phenomenally——they risk sinking irretrievably into an economic underclass.
[简析]本句话的主干是“The Harvard study bears a cautionary note…”。冒号后面的句子是在解释前面的句子;if 引导的是条件状语从句;破折号里面的内容是在进一步说明if 引导的从句。
答案与解析
1. C 结构题。本题的问题是“在开始段落，作者通过 介绍他的主题”。文章第一段提到，谈到学校教育，哈瑞罗家的男孩无法与女孩相提并论;随后，作者分别介绍了女孩和男孩的表现;该段最后引用孩子们的母亲的话指出，男孩子大都误入歧途，而女孩子却更自信。这说明，作者是通过相互比较引出其主题的。[C]“做比较”是对该段的恰当概括，为正确答案。[A]“形成对照”不准确，因为contrast主要指的是对立，与文意不符;第一段中没有提到某种假设，所以[B]“证明一种假设正确”不对;第一段中只是提出了女孩在学校教育方面比男孩表现好，并没有解释原因，所以[D]“解释一种现象”不对。
2. B 推论题。本题的问题是“‘她们也常常担任文化大使’(第四段)这句话暗示 ”。文章第二段提到，移民女孩比男孩更擅长于适应不同的文化，并且她们可以帮助其父母适应新文化;而第四段前面部分提到，女孩面临更多家庭义务，她们也常常担任“文化大使”。为她们的父母担任翻译，并且在父母与外部世界之间进行协调。由此可知，该句话表明，女孩可以帮助父母理解外国文化。[B]“她们帮助父母更好地了解外国文化”是对文中相关信息的改写，为正确答案。[A]“她们充当她们父母的翻译”是该句话的字面意思，不能表达深层含意，所以不对;[C]“她们鼓励父母进入外面的世界”是误解了该句话的意思;[D]“她们的父母帮助她们实现成为大使的梦想”明显与文意不符。
3. A 细节题。本题的问题是“由于下面的原因，移民男孩不会在外面获得成功，除了”。文章第三段介绍了男孩受到的影响，指出，他们受惩戒的次数更多，因此，他们会跟老师以及更广大的社会发展更敌对的关系，他们也可能面对更多令人沮丧的偏见：这说明，[B]“人们对他们有偏见”和[D]“他们没有处理好与老师和外面社会的关系”是移民男孩不会获得成功的原因;第四段提到，由于女孩通常是在传统文化中成长起来的，所以她们面临更多家庭义务，女孩不得不承担的责任比男孩多;这说明，[C]“他们的责任感不像女孩那么强烈”是移民男孩不会获得成功的原因。[A]“美国的青少年文化对男孩有不利的影响”是针对第三段第二句设置的干扰项，文中说的是“研究发现，男孩要想接受美国的青少年文化，他们会面临更多同龄人的'压力”，说明[A]与文意不符。
4. C 细节题。本题的问题是“马赛罗和卡罗拉。苏瑞兹。欧罗丝科在研究中最后发现”。文章第二段提到，根据马赛罗和卡罗拉。苏瑞兹。欧罗丝科刚刚完成的一项研究初步结果可知，移民女孩一向优于男孩;随后的段落解释了造成这种状况的原因，指出，哈佛大学的研究显示，大量移民男孩在学业上荒废，许多人的学业成绩差得令人难以置信。这说明，他们的研究发现，移民男孩的表现比女孩差。[C]“移民女孩比移民男孩的表现好”是对文中相关信息的概括，为正确答案。[A]“移民男孩不应该被容许进入外面的世界”属于无中生有;[B]“移民男孩对青少年文化没有判断力”是针对文中“boys face more peer pressure to adopt Anierican youth culture”这句话设置的干扰项，与文意不符;文章第三段提到，正因为移民男孩受到更多的惩戒，所以他们会跟老师和社会发展更敌对的关系，说明惩戒太多会产生不好的影响，所以[D]“移民男孩应该受到严厉惩戒”与研究的发现相反。
5. B 推论题。本题的问题是“根据最后一段，我们可以推知什么?”最后一段提到，哈佛大学的研究表明，如果大量移民男孩继续在学业上荒废，那么他们将不可避免地面临在经济上陷入社会底层的风险。[B]“许多移民男孩将来可能陷入困境”是对该句话的mt.-~，为正确答案。[A]“所有辍学者都应该接受良好的教育”和[D]“应该更关注移~——T-A-”属于无中生有;[C]“学校教育被人们忽视了”是对文中“imlnigrant boys continue to be alienated academically”设置的干扰项，是误解了be alienated academically的意思。
Say you‘re a developer who’s in the market for a job. You come across a job listing， perhaps something like the one I recently posted. It‘s a job you’re interested in and you send in your resume. Here‘s what to do.A cover letter is not just a standard part of your resume. A cover letter is designed to highlight the parts of your experience that are specific to the job to which you are ap*ing. It’s supposed to be the thing I see first andshould draw me in， making me want to get the details from your resume. Don‘t stick your cover letter in anattachment and your resume in another attachment or your cover letter might not get seen. It’s certainly not doing its job hidden in an attachment like that. If you are sending a resume by email， your cover letter belongs in the body of your email.
You need to proofread your cover letter carefully. This is my first introduction to you. This is your chance to impress me. If you have sloppy spelling， capitalization， and spelling in your cover letter I‘ll expect that your code as the same sort of problems. I’m not looking for Pulitzer-prize-winning stuff here， but most kids learn in first grade to capitalize proper nouns and the beginnings of sentences.
Your resume should tell me what languages you know， what technologies you have experience with， and how you‘ve applied that experience. Unless you’re ap*ing for a job as a secretary， you don‘t need to tell me you’re proficient at MS Word — if you‘re a software developer， I assume you’re familiar enough the basic workings of a word processor to use it to open a document and read a spec. Do tell me what sort of systems you‘ve built and what challenges you overcame while building them. Do tell me how you applied your knowledge of efficient database operation to decrease server load by 30%.
When I look at your resume I should get a sense of what size projects you‘ve worked on. If you’ve worked with an internationally-known company， then I immediately understand you‘ve had exposure to larger projects. If all of your experience was at no-name companies in North Dakota， then you need to tell me that the project youworked on had 15 developers and an annual budget of 3 million dollars. Otherwise I’m likely to think your prior experience was building simple ASP front ends to little Access databases.
And finally， follow the directions for ap*ing for the job. If I went to the trouble of describing how you should ap*， there‘s probably a good reason for it. If I ask for a plain-text resume， don’t send a Word document or a link to your resume on your Web site. If I ask for a code sample， include it. If you can‘t follow those simple directions， how can I expect that you’ll be able to follow a spec?
I don‘t even look at those emails I get with Word attachments， no code samples， no information about availability or your location. I sim* file them away in case I ever have a need to hire a developer that doesn’t know how to follow directions.
Reading Comprehension
1. Why did the author suggest that don‘t put your cover letter in another attachment of your resume?
[A] It‘s a waste of time.
[B] It is absurd.
[C] It will make your cover letter not do its job.
[D] There is no need to do so.
2. Why did the author emphasize the importance of proofread?
[A] Because it is a quality that a pupil should have.
[B] Proofreading can decrease errors from your cover letter.
[C] It will make you avoid some simple errors and will give your reader a good impression.
[D] It can make you win Pulitzer-prize.
3. Why did the author say that you should let the reader know what size project you‘ve worked on?
[A] Because this will highlight your resume.
[B] Because you are required to do so.
[C] Because this will let your reader know you better.
[D]Because it can make your reader know your ability for larger projects.
4. What‘s the meaning of “went to the trouble” that mentioned in paragraph 6?
[A] To face puzzledom.
[B] An amount of effort and time that is needed to do something.
[C] Have some difficulties.
[D] Some problems can‘t be solve.
5. What‘s the meaning of the word “spec” which mentioned in paragraph 6?
[A] Rule.
[B] Law.
[C] A detailed instruction about how a piece of equipment should be made.
[D] An direction.
答案与题解
1. [C] 细节题。准确定位到原文是解题的关键。本题出现在原文的第二段。题目问道作者为什么建议不要把求职信放在简历的另一个附件里，该题正确的理解应为如果把求职信放在另一个附件中则求职信将发挥不出它
的作用。
2. [C] 细节题。本题的干扰项在B项。校对的确可以减少错误，但这并不是篇章强调的重点。本文认为避免一些低级错误是给审查简历的人留下好印象的机会。
3. [D] 细节题。请看文中的第五段，“then I immediately understand you‘ve had exposure to larger projects.”这样我便知道你有做大型项目的能力，也就是选项中需要我们选出的答案：这样可以使你简历的读者知道你具备做
大型项目的能力。
4. [B] 逻辑判断题。本题先要解决对原句的理解问题，词组“went to the trouble”指的是不厌其烦。然后再定位到原文，根据上下文逻辑，可以推知，作者是在讲他之所以不厌其烦的解释怎样申请工作的原因，所以B为正确选项。
5. [C]推断题。从原文句式上看，这里是一个递进的关系，是逻辑上的顺延，所以一定是与“direction”同意的一个词。再加上逻辑上的递进关系，所以正确的解释应该是“制造某项设备的详细指令。”
We might marvel at the progress made in every field of study, but the methods of testing a person’s knowledge and ability remain as primitive as ever they were. It really is extraordinary that after all these years, educationists have still failed to device anything more efficient and reliable than examinations. For all the pious claim that examinations text what you know, it is common knowledge that they more often do the exact opposite. They may be a good means of testing memory, or the knack of working rapidly under extreme pressure, but they can tell you nothing about a person’s true ability and aptitude.
As anxiety-makers, examinations are second to none. That is because so much depends on them. They are the mark of success of failure in our society. Your whole future may be decided in one fateful day. It doesn’t matter that you weren’t feeling very well, or that your mother died. Little things like that don’t count: the exam goes on. No one can give of his best when he is in mortal terror, or after a sleepless night, yet this is precisely what the examination system expects him to do. The moment a child begins school, he enters a world of vicious competition where success and failure are clearly defined and measured. Can we wonder at the increasing number of ‘drop-outs’: young people who are written off as utter failures before they have even embarked on a career? Can we be surprised at the * rate among students?
A good education should, among other things, train you to think for yourself. The examination system does anything but that. What has to be learnt is rigidly laid down by a syllabus, so the student is encouraged to memorize. Examinations do not motivate a student to read widely, but to restrict his reading; they do not enable him to seek more and more knowledge, but induce cramming. They lower the standards of teaching, for they deprive the teacher of all freedoms. Teachers themselves are often judged by examination results and instead of teaching their subjects, they are reduced to training their students in exam techniques which they despise. The most successful candidates are not always the best educated; they are the best trained in the technique of working under duress.
The results on which so much depends are often nothing more than a subjective assessment by some anonymous examiner. Examiners are only human. They get tired and hungry; they make mistakes. Yet they have to mark stacks of hastily scrawled scripts in a limited amount of time. They work under the same sort of pressure as the candidates. And their word carries weight. After a judge’s decision you have the right of appeal, but not after an examiner’s. There must surely be many simpler and more effective ways of assessing a person’s true abilities. Is it cynical to suggest that examinations are merely a profitable business for the institutions that run them? This is what it boils down to in the last ***ysis. The best comment on the system is this illiterate message recently scrawled on a wall: ‘I were a teenage drop-out and now I are a teenage millionaire.’
1. The main idea of this passage is
[A] examinations exert a pernicious influence on education.
[B] examinations are ineffective.
[C] examinations are profitable for institutions.
[D] examinations are a burden on students.
2. The author’s attitude toward examinations is
[A]detest.
[B] approval.
[C] critical.
[D] indifferent.
3. The fate of students is decided by
[A] education.
[B] institutions.
[C] examinations.
[D] students themselves.
4. According to the author, the most important of a good education is
[A] to encourage students to read widely.
[B] to train students to think on their own.
[C] to teach students how to tackle exams.
[D] to master his fate.
5. Why does the author mention court?
[A] Give an example.
[B] For comparison.
[C] It shows that teachers’ evolutions depend on the results of examinations.
[D] It shows the results of court is more effectise.
Vocabulary
1. pernicious 有害的，恶性的，破坏性的
2. knack 窍门，诀窍
3. embark 乘船，登记
4. write off 勾销，注销。确认某食物已损失或无效
5. syllabus教学大纲
6. cram 塞入，把某物塞进，突击式学*（尤指应考），以注入方式教人
7. duress 威胁，逼迫
8. stack 堆，垛
9. scrawl 写/画（的内容不工整，不仔细）潦草的笔迹，七扭八歪的字
10. script讲稿，剧本，脚本，笔试答卷
11. cynical 愤世嫉俗的，自私得为人不齿的
12. boil down 熬浓，浓缩，归纳
难句译注
1. For all the pious claim that examinations test what you know, it is common knowledge that they more often do the exact opposite.
【参考译文】尽管所有那些虔诚的说法说考试能测定你所知道的东西，但其结果常常是适得其反，这是众所周之的常识。
2. As anxiety-makers, examinations are second to none.
【结构简析】second to none固定搭配，义：不亚于任何人或事物。
【参考译文】（测）考试作为忧虑的制造者，真是出类拔萃。
3. induce cramming
诱人采用突击式学*方式。Cram尽力塞入，应试突击学*。EX: cram for a chemistry test.为应付化学考试而临时抱佛脚。Cram pupils以填鸭式教学生。
4. Yet you have to mark stacks of hastily scrawled scripts in a limited amount of time.
【参考译文】他们不得不在限定的时间内，给一大堆匆忙涂写而成的笔试答卷批分。
5. And their word carries weight.
【参考译文】可他们的话/文字（这里指分数）有份量（有影响）。
6. This is what it boils down to in the last ***ysis.
【参考译文】这就是最终分析所归纳的一切。
写作方法与文章大意
这是一篇类似分类写作的文章。罗列了考试种种恶果。作者首先指出考试难以测定人的真正能力和水*，反而是适得其反。二是考试是忧虑的制造者，因为它决定了人的成败命运。三是考试促使学校进行应试技巧教育，否定了教会人独立思考、扩大视野。四是教师或者说测试人又累又饿，犯错误，还得在限定时间披阅成堆的试卷，他们的压力和考试者一样很大，而他们的话――分数有份量，审判官的裁决，你有权上诉，而他们的裁决――一笔定终身。
最后引用“辍学者成为百万富翁”来点明测试这种形式对教育的坏影响。
答案详解
1. A 考试对教育具有有害的影响。文章第一段就点明：考试是测试记忆的好方法，是测试在巨大压力下快速工作的技巧的好方法，却测不出一个人的真正能力和水*。第三段集中指出：考试不是促进学生广泛阅读，反而限制其阅读；考试不能使学生追求更多的知识，而是诱导学生进行应付考试的突击式学*。他们降低了教学水*，因为他们剥夺了老师的一切自由。常常以考试结果而不是所教课程来评定老师，是他们不得不以他们所轻视的考试技巧来培训学生。第二段和第四段也涉及其后果。
B.考试无效。这是考试后果的一个方面。C.考试对教育机构有利。这也是一个方面。D.考试对学生是一种负担。
2. C 批评的。第一段中作者明确指出，考试方法依旧，不能测出人的能力和水*。第二段点名，这种无用的考试决定人生的成败。第三段说考试最成功的考试者经常不是最佳的受教育者，他们是在胁迫下最佳获得考试技巧者，而好的教育应能培养人的独立思考。第四段涉及阅卷者又累又饿，常犯错误，不得不在限定时间披阅一大堆匆忙中七扭八歪写出的卷子。最后一句“我过去是一个是来岁的辍学者，现在我是一个年轻的百万富翁”画龙点睛地指出，考试指挥下的教育的失败。这一切都说明作者对考试的批评态度。
A.嫌恶，厌恶。此答案从意义上说是对的。但语法不通，因为这是个东西，而is后要求是名词或形容词。B.赞成。D.漠不关心的。
3. C 考试。答案在第二段，考试是最终忧虑制造者，那是因为许多事情取决于考试：它们是我们社会中成功或失败的标志。你的未来可能全取决于这决定性的一天。
A.教育。B.教育机构。D.学生自己。
4. B 培养学生进行独立思考。第三段第一句话点明：好的教育应该是培养学生自己独立思考。
A.鼓励学生广泛阅读。教学生如何应考。C.教学生如何应考。D.掌握自己命运。
5. B 作对比，答案在最后一段倒数第二句“审判官裁决后，你有权力上诉，而披阅考卷人给分后，学生可没有上诉权”后面又谈及“一想到考试只对进行考试的机构有礼，未免太自私了。这酒是最终分析归纳的东西。”所以作者呼吁，可定还有许多更简便，更有效的评估人真正能力的方法。
A.给出一个例子。C.表示老师是由考试结果评定好坏。这是第三段讲的不分内容，教师他们自己常由考试结果而不是所教课程优劣来评定。所以他们不得不对学生进行应试技巧教育，降低教学水*。D.表明审判官裁决更有效。
——初一英语日记带翻译 (菁华3篇)
Nowadays the newspaper possesses considerable value Everybody should read it. It supplies us with a variety of news every day. It tells us the political situation of the world. If we form the habit of reading the newspaper, we shall (will) get enough knowledge to cope with our circumstances.
现今报纸拥有极大的价值，人人都应该看它。它每天提供我们各种类类的消息。它告诉我们世界政治局势。如果我们养成看报的*惯，我们就能得到足够的知识来因应我们的环境。 学生虽然每天须做功课，但他们至少应该匀出一两个小时来看报。哪些，他们不但能增加知识而且也能赶上时代。总而言之，看报对学生很有益处。
July 19 20xx
Today I found time was a cruel thing. Whatever man is, time always goes on. It won’t stay to wait for somebody. You can’t use anything to exchange time. Time is also a fair thing. Although you have a lot of money or you enjoy high reputation, time won’t leave them more. Today I found I hadn’t enough time. Although I have more than a-month holiday, but I found I had a lot of things to do. I had a lot of homework to do and I am essential to complete the homework as soon as I have time.
今天，我发现时间是一个残忍的事情。无论男人，总是对的时间。它不会留下来等待某人。您不能使用任何交流时间。时间也是一个公*的事情。虽然你有很多钱，或者您享有很高的声誉，时间不会离开他们更多。今天，我发现我已经没有足够的时间。虽然我已经超过一个月假期，但我发现我有很多事情要做。我有很多功课要做，我必须完成的功课只要我有时间。
do you mind being called a bad student? of course not. so far as i know, everybody intends to be (become) a model student.
however,to be a model student is by no means an easy thing. first, he must do his best to obtain knowledge. a man without sufficient knowledge will not succeed. secondly, he must remember to improve his health. only a strong man can do great tasks. thirdly, he should receive moral education. if his conduct is not good, no one will consider making friends with him.
你介意被称为坏学生吗?当然不是。据我所知,每个人都打算(成为)一个模范学生。
然而,做模范学生绝不是一件容易的事情。第一,他必须尽力获得知识。一个没有足够知识的人是不会成功的。第二,他必须记住促进健康。只有强壮的人才能做大事。第三,他应该接受道德教育。如果他品行不好,没有人会考虑和他交朋友的。
——初一英语作文带翻译 (菁华5篇)
When you go to work in the morning and find that traffic lights don't work, the traffic jam will certainly happen. A patient needs to be operated on at once. What will happen if the operation cannot be made because of the electricity. Without electricity, we can neither watch TV, listen to the tape, nor chat on line. Electricity is closely related to our daily life.
How terrible it would be if there were no electricity!
当你早上去上班，发现交通灯不工作，交通堵塞，肯定会发生的。一个病人需要立刻动手术。如果操作不能因为电力会发生什么。没有电，我们不能看电视，听磁带，也不能在网上聊天。电在我们的日常生活密切相关的。
如果没有电将会多么可怕!
以My Friend为题，写一篇短文：
I have a good friend. Her name is May. She is 12 years old. Her telephone number is 87634966. Her birthday is March 5th. She is good at English and Chiese. She often plays the piano. She likes reading books and listening to the music. Her hobbies are reading and listening to music. She is a nice girl. We often help each other. We are good friends.
我有一个好朋友。她的名字叫梅。她12岁。她的电话号码是87634*** 。她的生日是3月5日。她擅长英语和汉语。她经常弹钢琴。她喜欢看书和听音乐。她的爱好是读书和听音乐。她是一个好女孩。我们经常互相帮忙。我们是好朋友。
保护眼睛
Protect Our Eyes
Nowadays， there are more and more students being short-sighted. Some students get short-sightedness when they are little. There are fifteen students wearing glasses in my class. Being short-sighted is mon among students， even in primary school. That is too serious. Therefore， we should protect our eyes carefully. When we are reading and writing， we should keep a standard posture. Besides， we should not watch TV or play *r for too long. They are bad for our eyes. And， we should do eyes exercises regularly. A good rest is also important to our eyes. In all， eyes are the windows of our mind. We should keep it healthy.
此刻，越来越多的学生*视了。有些学生在很小的时候就*视了。我们班上有十五个学生戴眼镜。*视在学生中变得很普遍，甚至是在小学。这种情景很严重。所以，我们应当好好保护眼睛。当我们读书写字的时候，我们应当坚持正确的`姿势。此外，不要长时光看电视或玩电脑，对我们的眼睛不好。并且，我们应当有规律的做眼保健操。好的睡眠对我们的眼睛也很重要。总之，眼睛是我们心里的窗口，我们应当坚持它健康。
Mother’s love wins people’s praises for its selflessness. In fact， father’s love is as great as that. They bury their love in the deep bottom of their hearts and will never show it. My father is of this kind. I remembered once I felt ill. Mother wasn’t at home at that moment. Father acted as a father and as a mother as well. When he came home from work， he would cook dinner for me first. The way he fed me made me think of my kind and tender mother. His eyes were full of love and expectation. I did feel a father’s love at that time.
母亲的爱因无私而赢得人们的赞扬。事实上，父亲的爱是如此的伟大。他们把自我的爱埋在心底，永远不会显露出来。我的父亲是这样的。我记得有一次我感到不舒服。那时母亲不在家。父亲是父亲，母亲也是母亲。当他下班回家时，他会先为我做晚饭。他喂我的方式使我想起了我那温柔体贴的母亲。他的眼睛充满了爱和期待。那时我确实感到了父亲的爱。
Do you know what kind of animal I like most? It’s monkey. Monkey is a kind of lovely animal.
Many people like monkeys very much. Generally， monkey has small body covered with fur. Some kinds of monkeys have two big eyes and ears and a long tail. I can see them on TV or the zoo. Every time I go to the zoo， I will go to see them. Monkeys often stay in trees and jump between them. They are so lively and favorable. When they are happy， they will act for visitors. It’s very funny.
你明白我最喜欢的动物是什么吗？是猴子。这是一种十分可爱的动物，很多人都十分喜欢它们。一般来说，童子的身子比较小，身上长满了毛。其中的一些种类有两只大眼睛、大耳朵和一条长尾巴。我能够在电视上或动物园里看见它们。每次我去动物园，我都会去看猴子。它们常常待在树上，在树木之间跳来跳去，十分活泼，讨人喜欢。它们高兴的时候，还会异常表演给游客看，十分好玩。
——初一英语作文带翻译菁选
初一英语作文带翻译
在*凡的学*、工作、生活中，大家都不可避免地会接触到作文吧，作文可分为小学作文、中学作文、大学作文（论文）。你知道作文怎样才能写的好吗？以下是小编为大家整理的初一英语作文带翻译，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
My hobby is reading.
I was interested in reading when I was five rears old. At that time my mother always me to read some storybooks.
Gradually I found reading very interesting.It cann’t only let me know a lot of knowledgebut also make me happy.
I like reading all kinds of articles such as stories news reports magazines and so on.And I usually do some reading in the evening. Reading makes my life colourful and wonderful.
翻译：
我的爱好是阅读。
我感兴趣阅读当我五岁的时候发火。当时我的母亲总是我读一些故事书。渐渐地我发现读书很有趣。它不能只让我知道很多知识但也让我快乐。
运动。
我喜欢音乐我10岁的时候。我喜欢很多类型的音乐如流行音乐、摇滚音乐等等。它让我感觉放松当我听音乐。我觉得音乐可以给我带来很多的`乐趣和快乐。作为一个结果。现在我很高兴! 以及听音乐我喜欢。我喜欢篮球。当我完成我的作业我喜欢和我的朋友打篮球。我的爱好使我快乐和放松。我将继续下去。
On weekdays, when I was in school, I play with my classmates. Sometimes I play volleyball, and sometimes I play football with them. I think football is a very interesting and exciting. But when I go home, I like listening to music alone.
I also like to read a story book. When I'm not happy, I often draw some pictures though I'm not good at painting. On weekends, there is no class, I like shopping with my friends and my parents.
Hobbies can make you happy, so I like them. I have many hobbies. Do you agree with me?
翻译：
在工作日，当我在学校的时候，我和我的同学玩。有时我打排球，有时我和他们踢足球。我认为足球是一个非常有趣和令人兴奋的'。但是当我回家时，我喜欢听音乐。
我也喜欢读故事书。当我不快乐的时候，我经常画一些画，虽然我不擅长绘画。周末，没有课，我喜欢和我的朋友和父母一起购物。
爱好可以使你快乐，所以我喜欢他们。我有很多爱好。你同意我吗?
Hello, everyone. I can tell you about me! I am a happy girl. My name is Nina, I am 12 years old this year. My hobbies are singing and dancing. I usually play basketball on Saturday. I want to grow up to be a doctor .I didn’t like playing video games, but I like reading some books .I ride bike to school .I go to school from Monday to Friday. I am a good student in my school .Because I so like study .I am good kid too, Do you know? I usually do homework, help my family. My cook food is tasty .I like cat my favorite season is fall. I like warm and sunny. I so like red. This is me! What about you?
大家好。我可以告诉你关于我的！我是一个快乐的女孩。我叫妮娜，今年12岁。我的爱好是唱歌和跳舞。我通常在星期六打篮球。我想长大后成为一名医生，我不喜欢玩电子游戏，但我喜欢读一些书，我骑自行车上学，我从星期一到星期五上学。我是一个好学生，因为我很喜欢学*，我也是一个好孩子，你知道吗？我通常做家庭作业，帮助我的'家庭。我的烹调食物很好吃，我喜欢猫，我最喜欢的季节是秋天。我喜欢温暖和阳光。我很喜欢红色。这是我！你呢？
Everyone has his own hobby it may give him a lot of happiness. My hobby is listening to music .
when I was a child I enjoy listening to music especially the cartoon music though Im not good at it I often lose myself in it. When I am in trouble music can make me calm down.
When I am very tired it can make me comfortable . When I am angry with something it aslo can make me happy again. Listening to music keeps me in a good mood and its good for my health.
Do you like listening to music? If not I hope you can have a tryyou will find it so good.
翻译：
每个人都有自己的爱好可以给他很多快乐。我的爱好是听音乐。
当我还是个孩子的时候我喜欢听音乐特别是卡通音乐尽管我不擅长它我经常迷失了自我。当我陷入困境时音乐可以让我*静下来。当我很累时它可以让我很舒服。当我生气的'东西也可以让我快乐。听音乐使我心情很好它对我的健康有好处。
你喜欢听音乐吗?如果没有我希望你可以试试你会发现它很好。
